Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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1765: The Lunar Society of Birmingham, a group...

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1765

The Lunar Society of Birmingham, a group of half a dozen men with interests in experimental science, began to meet regularly.
Butler, Marilyn. Maria Edgeworth: A Literary Biography. Clarendon, 1972.
33
Newman, Gerald, editor. Britain in the Hanoverian Age, 1714-1837: An Encyclopedia. Garland, 1997.
424

1765: Almack's Club was founded: one of a number...

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1765

Almack's Club was founded: one of a number of clubs dating from this decade which, for the first time, admitted women members.
Hunt, Margaret R. The Middling Sort: Commerce, Gender, and the Family in England, 1680-1780. University of California Press, 1996.
262n56

1765: Thirty-eight women (as against fifty-seven...

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1765

Thirty-eight women (as against fifty-seven men) were officially licensed this year as merchants or retailers in Suffolk County, Massachusetts.
VanBurkleo, Sandra F. “Declarations of independence”. Women’s Review of Books, Vol.
xviii
, No. 9, June 2001, p. 10.
10

By 1765: The number of capital crimes in Britain reached...

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By 1765

The number of capital crimes in Britain reached about 160: up more than three times since 1688. The death penalty was invoked for many commercial crimes, and crimes against rural property.
Windschuttle, Keith. The Killing of History: How Literary Critics and Social Theorists are Murdering our Past. Encounter Books, 2000.
165

1765: Joseph Priestley published his Chart of Biography,...

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1765

Joseph Priestley published his Chart of Biography, a diagram measuring two by three feet, showing the overlapping time-spans of the lives of historical figures.
Sheps, Arthur. “Joseph Priestley’s Time Charts: The Use and Teaching of History by Rational Dissent in late Eighteenth-Century England”. Lumen, Vol.
xviii
, 1999, pp. 135-54.
140, 142-3

Hester Lynch Piozzi: Probably 9 January 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Hester Lynch Piozzi

Probably 9 January 1765

Hester Thrale (later HLP ) and her first husband met Samuel Johnson for the first time.
Johnson recorded this as 9 January, though HLP later remembered it as the 10th.
Clifford, James L. Hester Lynch Piozzi (Mrs Thrale). Clarendon Press, 1987.
55n1
Clifford, James L. Hester Lynch Piozzi (Mrs Thrale). Clarendon Press, 1987.
54-5

Elizabeth Griffith: 24 January 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Griffith

24 January 1765

EG 's comedy The Platonic Wife (based on one of Marmontel 's tales, L'heureux divorce) opened at Drury Lane .
Griffith, Elizabeth. “Introduction”. The Delicate Distress, edited by Cynthia Booth Ricciardi and Susan Staves, University Press of Kentucky, 1997, p. vii - xviii.
xxx
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Rizzo, Betty. “’Depressa Resurgam’: Elizabeth Griffith’s Playwriting Career”. Curtain Calls, edited by Mary Anne Schofield and Cecilia Macheski, Ohio University Press, 1991, pp. 120-42.
126

Frances Brooke: Late January 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Brooke

Late January 1765

FB presented to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts a petition from Québec protestants to have John Brooke appointed a missionary there.
Catto, Susan J. Modest Ambition: The Influence of Henry Fielding, Samuel Richardson, and the Ideal of Female Diffidence on Sarah Fielding, Charlotte Lennox, and Frances Brooke. University of Oxford, 1998.
240
McMullen, Lorraine. An Odd Attempt in a Woman: The Literary Life of Frances Brooke. University of British Columbia Press, 1983.
76

Teresia Constantia Phillips: 2 February 1765

Women writers item

2 February 1765

TCP died in Kingston, Jamaica, on a Saturday. Since arrests for debt were prohibited on Sundays to encourage church-going, this timing probably saved her body from being seized by her creditors on the way...

Elizabeth Cooper, d. 1761: Early 1765

Women writers item

Early 1765

Someone named Elizabeth Cooper died at this time, who may have been the writer.
She was still alive in 1764 the report that she died in 1761 is an error.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Oldys, William. A Literary Antiquary. Editor Yeowell, James, Printed by J. Spottiswoode, 1862.
1n

12 February 1765: Thomas Percy published his edited Reliques...

Writing climate item

12 February 1765

Thomas Percy published his edited Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, a rediscovery of poems from the middle ages. He dedicated it to the Duchess of Northumberland , daughter of the poet and letter-writer Lady Hertford

21 February 1765: Frances Brooke (as Mary Singleton) published...

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21 February 1765

Frances Brooke (as Mary Singleton) published a rebuke to two upper-class ladies for rudeness to the actress George Anne Bellamy .
Crouch, Kimberly. “The public life of actresses: prostitutes or ladies?”. Gender in Eighteenth-Century England: Roles, Representations and Responsibilities, edited by Hannah Barker and Elaine Chalus, Longman, 1997, pp. 58-78.
68-9

Charlotte Smith: 23 February 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Smith

23 February 1765

Nicholas Turner made an arranged marriage for his fifteen-year-old daughter Charlotte with Benjamin Smith .
Smith, Charlotte. “Introduction”. Emmeline, the Orphan of the Castle, edited by Anne Henry Ehrenpreis, Oxford University Press, 1971.
xxiii
Smith, Charlotte. “Introduction”. The Poems of Charlotte Smith, edited by Stuart Curran, Oxford University Press, 1993, p. xix - xxix.
xx

Catharine Macaulay: 25 February 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Catharine Macaulay

25 February 1765

CM bore her daughter, Catherine Sophia, her only child.
qtd. in
Hill, Bridget. “Daughter and Mother: Some new light on Catharine Macaulay and her family”. Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
22
, No. 1, 1 Mar.–31 May 1999, pp. 35-49.
37

Catharine Macaulay: March 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Catharine Macaulay

March 1765

Thomas Hollis made a present to CM of about 145 antiquarian volumes, mostly political tracts from the Civil War period: this began her career as a book collector.
Hill, Bridget. The Republican Virago: The Life and Times of Catharine Macaulay, Historian. Clarendon Press, 1992.
168

May Drummond: 2 March 1765

Women writers item
Author event in May Drummond

2 March 1765

William Miller sent MD a letter on behalf of the Edinburgh Meeting of the Society of Friends which constructively dismissed her from the Society.
Reilly, Matthew. “The Life and Literary Fictions of May Drummond, Quaker Female Preacher”. Eighteenth-Century Fiction, Vol.
28
, No. 2, Nov. 2015, pp. 287-12.
309-10

22 March 1765: A new Stamp Act received the royal assen...

National or international item

22 March 1765

A new Stamp Act received the royal assent.
Carretta, Vincent. George III and the Satirists from Hogarth to Byron. University of Georgia Press, 1990.
104
Thomas, Peter David Garner. British Politics and the Stamp Act Crisis: The First Phase of the American Revolution, 1763-1767. Clarendon, 1975.
132-5

Charlotte Lennox: 23 March 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Lennox

23 March 1765

CL bore her daughter, Harriot Holles Lennox, who was worryingly ill as a baby or toddler, and who probably died at the age of seventeen.
Carlile, Susan. Charlotte Lennox. An Independent Mind. University of Toronto Press, 2018.
221, 233, 305-6
Isles, Duncan. “The Lennox Collection (Concluded)”. Harvard Library Bulletin, Vol.
19
, No. 4, Oct. 1971, pp. 416-35.
428-9

Sarah Dixon: 23 April 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Sarah Dixon

23 April 1765

SD died at Hackington, a suburb of Canterbury, aged ninety-three.
Nicholls, C. S., editor. The Dictionary of National Biography: Missing Persons. Oxford University Press, 1993.

Elizabeth Griffith: May 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Griffith

May 1765

EG , as a Lady, published Amana, A Dramatic Poem: an unperformed blank-verse tragedy on an Egyptian topic.
Gentleman’s Magazine. Various publishers.
35 (1765): 234

May 1765: A Regency Act was passed to arrange for the...

National or international item

May 1765

A Regency Act was passed to arrange for the government of Britain in case of the monarch's further illness.
Ayling, Stanley. George the Third. Collins, 1972.
126

16 May 1765: The Rev. John Brown preached a conservative...

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16 May 1765

The Rev. John Brown preached a conservative sermon to the Guardians of the Asylum for Deserted Female Orphans , published that year as On the Female Character and Education.
The Origins of Modern Feminism, 1567-1876. Quaritch, 1998.
Catalogue No. 24

Mary Collyer: By June 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Collyer

By June 1765

The History of Miss Indiana Danby in several volumes, by a Lady, was somewhat improbably suspected of being another translation by MC from Marivaux ; if it was hers it must have been posthumous...

Frances Reynolds : June 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Reynolds

June 1765

FR , writing in verse in her commonplace-book, mentioned being separated fromthis cruel man . . . which once too tenderly I loved.
qtd. in
Wendorf, Richard. Sir Joshua Reynolds. Harvard University Press, 1996.
72

Frances Brooke: 13 June 1765

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Brooke

13 June 1765

David Garrick emphatically warned Marie-Jeanne Riccoboni against using FB as a translator again in the future.
Garrick, David. Letters. Editors Little, David M. and George M. Kahrl, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1963, 3 vols.
461