Royal Academy

Connections

Connections Author name Excerpt
Cultural formation Frances Reynolds
She was born into an English west-country professional or just-gentry family, and was a devout Anglican , who cared about whether or not her friends went to church and disapproved of her brother Joshua painting...
Education William Blake
His apprenticeship to a print-maker included training in drawing medieval tombs. He also studied for some time at the Royal Academy of Arts .
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Hamlyn, Robin, and Michael Phillips. William Blake. Tate Gallery, 2000.
26
Education Sylvia Pankhurst
SP won a national competition for a two-year scholarship to the Royal Academy of Art in London. Her name headed the list of competitors for the whole country
Mulhallen, Jacqueline. “Sylvia Pankhurst’s Paintings: A Missing Link”. Women’s History Magazine, No. 60, 1 June 2009– 2024, pp. 35-8.
36
for this award.
Romero, Patricia W. E. Sylvia Pankhurst: Portrait of a Radical. Yale University Press, 1987.
29
Education Charlotte Brontë
Both Charlotte and Branwell aspired to become artists. She studied drawing seriously, first with a private tutor, later at Roe Head, and after her return independently, by copying romantic illustrations from annuals such as Friendship's...
Education Mary Stewart
Eden Hall school buildings and the surrounding landscape would later inspire the setting for her novel The Ivy Tree. The school emphasized training in the social graces and MS later commented that I learned...
Education Dante Gabriel Rossetti
DGR attended King's College School (from 1837 to 1841), where he studied with John Sell Cotman . He led a desultory, bohemian life until in 1847, after finding the approach of the Royal Academy stultifying...
Education Edith Craig
EC studied music in Berlin with Alexis Holländer and at London's Royal Academy , aiming to become a concert pianist.
Holledge, Julie. Innocent Flowers: Women in the Edwardian Theatre. Virago, 1981.
110
Cockin, Katharine. Edith Craig (1869-1947): Dramatic Lives. Cassell, 1998.
37
Education Louisa Anne Meredith
Sir Thomas Lawrence , President of the Royal Academy , tutored Louisa Anne Twamley (later LAM ) privately in art.
Rae-Ellis, Vivienne. Louisa Anne Meredith: A Tigress in Exile. St David’s Park, 1990.
33
Education Anne Ridler
Downe House had been founded at Charles Darwin 's old home by Olive Willis , a remarkable woman who was still headmistress, who exercised an important influence on AR , and whose biography Ridler later...
Family and Intimate relationships Clementina Black
Her sister Emma was a painter who won a scholarship to study with the Royal Academy Schools.
Glage, Liselotte. Clementina Black: A Study in Social History and Literature. Carl Winter, 1981.
19
Garnett, Richard. Constance Garnett: A Heroic Life. Sinclair-Stevenson, 1991.
37
Family and Intimate relationships Virginia Woolf
Virginia and Vanessa (1879-1961, the eldest of Leslie and Julia Stephen's children), were close to one another throughout their lives. In A Sketch of the Past, VW recalls that after the death of their...
Family and Intimate relationships Queen Victoria
She became a sculptor, who exhibited three portrait works at the Royal Academy between 1868 and 1874.
Graves, Algernon. The Royal Academy of Art. Henry Graves and George Bell, 1906, 8 vols.
Family and Intimate relationships Mary Palmer
The best-known among MP 's siblings was her brother Joshua , seven years her junior, whose work as a portrait painter eventually won him a knighthood and the first Presidency of the Royal Academy ...
Family and Intimate relationships Elizabeth Strutt
The paintings he exhibited at the Royal Academy were mostly landscapes; it may not be fanciful to see the influence of his marriage in the two titles he showed (for the first time) in 1819:...
Family and Intimate relationships Elizabeth Strutt
Her husband is last heard of exhibiting at the Royal Academy in 1858.
Gilbert, Ann Taylor. Ann Taylor Gilbert’s Album. Editor Stewart, Christina Duff, Garland, 1978.
535
Graves, Algernon. The Royal Academy of Art. Henry Graves and George Bell, 1906, 8 vols.

Timeline

March 1755: A committee of twenty-six artists produced...

Building item

March 1755

A committee of twenty-six artists produced a plan for an Academy to improve and promote the arts.
Brewer, John. The Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Farrar Straus Giroux, 1997.
229-30
Gentleman’s Magazine. Various publishers.
25 (1755): 127

December 1768: George III signed the papers for establishing...

Building item

December 1768

George III signed the papers for establishing the Royal Academy of Arts . Angelica Kauffman or Kauffmann was among the twenty-eight founding members who first met in January 1769 to hear an address by Sir Joshua Reynolds

1770 or 1771: Scottish painter George Romney did a portrait...

Building item

1770 or 1771

Scottish painter George Romney did a portrait of English painter Mary Moser which shows her using the medium of oils, mark of the professional rather than the amateur.
“Brilliant Women: 18th-Century Bluestockings”. National Portrait Gallery.

1777: Richard Samuel engraved his Nine Living Muses...

Women writers item

1777

Richard Samuel engraved his Nine Living Muses of Great Britain (or Portraits in the Character of the Muses in the Temple of Apollo) for Johnson's Ladies New and Polite Pocket Memorandum for 1778...

June 1780: Angelica Kauffman was commissioned to create four ceiling paintings at Somerset House in London

Building item

June 1780

Angelica Kauffman was commissioned to create four ceiling paintings at Somerset House in London for which she received one hundred guineas.
Lyons, Hannah. “Angelica Kauffman”. Women’s Studies Group 1558 – 1837, 16 Sept. 2020, https://womensstudiesgroup.org/2020/09/16/angelica-kauffman/.
 
Lyons, Hannah. “Angelica Kauffman”. Women’s Studies Group 1558 – 1837, 16 Sept. 2020, https://womensstudiesgroup.org/2020/09/16/angelica-kauffman/.
 

Summer 1780: The Royal Academy's first annual exhibition...

Building item

Summer 1780

The Royal Academy 's first annual exhibition to be held in the new Somerset House (built by Sir William Chambers ) topped all records, with attendance of 61,381 and receipts of £3,074.6s.
Brewer, John. The Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Farrar Straus Giroux, 1997.
239-41

April 1781: Giuseppi Baretti sought to make the Royal...

Writing climate item

April 1781

Giuseppi Baretti sought to make the Royal Academy exhibitions more accessible by publishing A Guide through the Academy.
Brewer, John. The Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Farrar Straus Giroux, 1997.
242

1797: The complete set of addresses delivered over...

Writing climate item

1797

The complete set of addresses delivered over the years to students at the Royal Academy by Sir Joshua Reynolds was published as Fifteen Discourses on Art.

Early May 1831 and 1832: Sarah Biffin exhibited at the Royal Academy...

Building item

Early May 1831 and 1832

Sarah Biffin exhibited at the Royal Academy under her married name of Mrs E. M. Wright. Born without arms or legs, she became a skilled painter and embroiderer, holding her brush or needle in her...

April 1838: The National Gallery moved into its new facility...

National or international item

April 1838

The National Gallery moved into its new facility at Charing Cross.
Boase, Thomas Sherrer Ross, editor. English Art, 1800-1870. Clarendon, 1959.
204-5

25 November 1841: Sculptor Sir Francis Chantrey died, leaving...

Building item

25 November 1841

Sculptor Sir Francis Chantrey died, leaving conditions in his will that after the death of his wife, more than £100,000 would be left to set up a national public collection of fine art in Britain.
Windsor, Alan, editor. Handbook of Modern British Painting 1900-1980. Scolar Press, 1992.
57
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2024, 22 vols. plus supplements.

1 May 1843: Richard Redgrave exhibited his painting The...

Building item

1 May 1843

Richard Redgrave exhibited his painting The Poor Teacher at the Royal Academy .
Maas, Jeremy. Victorian Painters. Barrie and Jenkins, 1978.
114
Athenæum. J. Lection.
812 (1843): 492
McMaster, Juliet. That Mighty Art of Black-and-White. Linley Sambourne, Punch, and the Royal Academy. Ad Hoc Press, 2009.
3

7 May 1848: The Royal Academy exhibition presented 1474...

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7 May 1848

The Royal Academy exhibition presented 1474 works by 853 exhibitors; of these, only 126 works were by 77 female artists, a scant 10% of the total.
Marsh, Jan, and Pamela Gerrish Nunn. Women Artists and the Pre-Raphaelite Movement. Virago, 1989.
27-8
McMaster, Juliet. That Mighty Art of Black-and-White. Linley Sambourne, Punch, and the Royal Academy. Ad Hoc Press, 2009.
3

: The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was founded...

Building item

Autumn 1848

The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was founded in rebellion against the constraints and techniques of art as practised by the Royal Academy .
Bell, Quentin. Victorian Artists. Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1967.
31-2, 38
Chilvers, Ian, editor. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. Oxford University Press, 1990.
373
Maas, Jeremy. Victorian Painters. Barrie and Jenkins, 1978.
15
Marsh, Jan, and Pamela Gerrish Nunn. Women Artists and the Pre-Raphaelite Movement. Virago, 1989.
15
Knight, Joseph, 1829 - 1907. The Life of Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Kennikat Press, 1972.
23

: Dante Gabriel Rossetti's painting The Girlhood...

Building item

Spring 1849

Dante Gabriel Rossetti 's painting The Girlhood of Mary Virgin (featuring Christina Rossetti as its model) appearing at the Free Exhibition at Hyde Park Gallery , was the first to display the initials of the...

Texts

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