Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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22 July 1598: Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice...

Writing climate item

22 July 1598

Shakespeare 's comedy The Merchant of Venice was entered in the Stationers' Register by the printer named James Roberts.
Arber, Edward, editor. A Transcript of the Registers of the Company of Stationers of London 1554-1660, A. D. Privately Printed, 1875–1894, 5 vols.
3: 39v

August 1598: Full-scale revolt against English rule (that...

National or international item

August 1598

Full-scale revolt against English rule (that is, rule over the Roman Catholic Church majority by a newly-settled Anglican elite) broke out in Ireland in the form of Tyrone's Rebellion, led by Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone .
Jones, Harrie Stuart Vedder. A Spenser Handbook. Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1930.
35
Kelly, Matthew. “With Bit and Bridle”. London Review of Books, Vol.
32
, No. 15, 5 Aug. 2010, pp. 12-13.
22

September 1598: Ben Jonson's earliest well-known comedy,...

Writing climate item

September 1598

Ben Jonson 's earliest well-known comedy, Every Man in His Humour, was first performed, with a cast that included Richard Burbage and William Shakespeare .
Dutton, Richard. Ben Jonson, Authority, Criticism. Macmillan, 1996.
xiii

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke: After 23 October 1598

Writing climate item

After 23 October 1598

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke , issued her collected edition of her brother 's works: the title was still The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia, with sundry new additions.
This is the date...

Aemilia Lanyer: Probably November 1598

Women writers item
Author event in Aemilia Lanyer

Probably November 1598

AL bore a daughter, apparently her first living child by her husband.
Woods, Susanne. Lanyer: A Renaissance Woman Poet. Oxford University Press, 1999.
28

William Shakespeare: 28 December 1598

Building item
Author event in William Shakespeare

28 December 1598

The Theatre in London, home of WS 's acting company, was dismantled preparatory to being transported south of the river for re-erection as the Globe.
Dobson, Michael. “A Furtive Night’s Work”. London Review of Books, 20 Oct. 2005, pp. 7-8.
7

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke: 1599

Women writers item

1599

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke , presented a fine copy of the psalms written by herself and her brother to Queen Elizabeth , with a dedication to her.
Hannay, Margaret P. Philip’s Phoenix: Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke. Oxford University Press, 1990, http://U of A HSS.
95

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke: By 1599

Women writers item

By 1599

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke , completed a poem translated from Petrarch : The Triumph of Death.
Waller, Gary F. Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke: A Critical Study of Her Writings and Literary Milieu. University of Salzburg, 1979, http://BLC.
143

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke: Probably 1599

Women writers item

Probably 1599

Queen Elizabeth was to visit Wilton House, and for the occasion Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke , wrote a brief pastoral dialogue or eclogue: Thenot and Piers in Praise of Astrea.
Waller, Gary F. Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke: A Critical Study of Her Writings and Literary Milieu. University of Salzburg, 1979, http://BLC.
80

: Shakespeare probably completed the story...

Writing climate item

Winter 1598-9

Shakespeare probably completed the story of his two Henry IV history plays by writing Henry V, in which the charismatic but formerly undisciplined prince makes good as national military hero.
Dobson, Michael. “A Furtive Night’s Work”. London Review of Books, 20 Oct. 2005, pp. 7-8.
7

Edmund Spenser: 13 January 1599

Writing climate item
Author event in Edmund Spenser

13 January 1599

ES , poet, died in King Street, Westminster, London. Ben Jonson 's claim that he starved to death has not generally been believed.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

26 January 1599: A Womans worthe Defended against all the...

Building item

26 January 1599

A Womans worthe Defended against all the men in the world was entered in the Stationers' Register .
Arber, Edward, editor. A Transcript of the Registers of the Company of Stationers of London 1554-1660, A. D. Privately Printed, 1875–1894, 5 vols.

Lady Anne Clifford: 31 January 1599

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Anne Clifford

31 January 1599

The day after her ninth birthday, LAC wrote a beautifully-penned letter to her father .
Spence, Richard T. Lady Anne Clifford, Countess of Dorset, Pembroke and Montgomery. Sutton Publishing, 1997.
12-13

Elizabeth Melvill: After mid-February 1599

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Melvill

After mid-February 1599

The minister Alexander Hume offered praise in print of EM 's compositiones so copious, so pregnant, so spirituall, which he felt sure she owed to the gift of God.
Hume dated his dedication 16 February...

March 1599: Queen Elizabeth sent her young favourite...

National or international item

March 1599

Queen Elizabeth sent her young favourite the Earl of Essex to Ireland as Lord Lieutenant with a large army to crush Tyrone 's Rebellion.
Lee, Sophia. The Recess. Editor Alliston, April, University Press of Kentucky, 2000.
353n37, 355n4, 356n11

: In an official move against writing that...

Writing climate item

Spring 1599

In an official move against writing that was critical of the British government or the crown (that is, against satire), copies of various books were burned.
Dobson, Michael. “A Furtive Night’s Work”. London Review of Books, 20 Oct. 2005, pp. 7-8.
7

Spring 1599: As soon as the danger of frost was over,...

Writing climate item

Spring 1599

As soon as the danger of frost was over, the Globe Theatre was built,or re-built, in Southwark, south of the river in London, as a home for Shakespeare 's company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men .
Rogers, Pat, editor. An Outline of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 1992.
126-7
Dobson, Michael. “A Furtive Night’s Work”. London Review of Books, 20 Oct. 2005, pp. 7-8.
7
Neill, Michael. “Glimpsed in the Glare”. London Revew of Books, Vol.
37
, No. 24, 17 Dec. 2015, pp. 39-41.
40

: Shakespeare probably composed his Roman history...

Writing climate item

Spring 1599

Shakespeare probably composed his Roman history play Julius Caesar.
Dobson, Michael. “A Furtive Night’s Work”. London Review of Books, 20 Oct. 2005, pp. 7-8.
7

14 April 1599: Sir John Davies registered with the Stationers'...

Writing climate item

14 April 1599

Sir John Davies registered with the Stationers' Company the first of the two well-known works he published this year, essays entitled NosceTeipsum (Know Thyself).
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

: William Jaggard published The Passionate...

Writing climate item

Summer 1599

William Jaggard published The Passionate Pilgrime, a pirated miscellany including poetry by Marlowe , Shakespeare , and others; the title-page ascription to Shakespeare is unjustified.
Dobson, Michael. “A Furtive Night’s Work”. London Review of Books, 20 Oct. 2005, pp. 7-8.
7

Margaret Hoby: 9 August 1599

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Hoby

9 August 1599

MH began her diary, one of the earliest known in a European vernacular language, and the first extant one by an Englishwoman. The manuscript, probably incomplete, covers six years of her life.
Hoby, Margaret. “Introduction and Editorial Materials”. The Private Life of an Elizabethan Lady: The Diary of Lady Margaret Hoby, 1599-1605, edited by Joanna Moody, Sutton, 1998, p. xv - lvii.
lv

24 September 1600: A meeting of eighty London merchants was...

National or international item

24 September 1600

A meeting of eighty London merchants was held as a consequence of which, in 1600, the East India Company received its charter as the Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies

22 November 1599: Edward Fairfax licensed with the Stationers'...

Writing climate item

22 November 1599

Edward Fairfax licensed with the Stationers' Company his Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Jerusalem, his translation of Gerusalemme Liberata by Torquato Tasso (1581), which was published in 1600.
Burrow, Colin. “I Don’t Know Whats”. London Review of Books, 22 Feb. 2001, pp. 12-13.
12-13
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

Elizabeth Hooton: Probably 1600

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Hooton

Probably 1600

Elizabeth Carrier, who later as EH became one of the earliest Quaker preachers, was born.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Bathsua Makin: Probably about 1600

Women writers item
Author event in Bathsua Makin

Probably about 1600

Bathsua Reginald (later BM ) was born in Stepney (then just east of London), the elder of two daughters.
Brink, Jeanie R. “Bathsua Reginald Makin: ’Most Learned Matron’”. Huntington Library Quarterly, Vol.
54
, 1991, pp. 313-26.
316
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Teague, Frances. Bathsua Makin, Woman of Learning. Bucknell University Press, 1998.
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