E. M. Forster

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Standard Name: Forster, E. M.
Used Form: Edward Morgan Forster
EMF was a major novelist of the early twentieth century (despite his slender lifetime output of five novels). He was also a short-story writer, an influential critic of fiction, and the author of travel writing, surviving letters, and an opera libretto. He produced a pioneering text of post-colonialism in his final published novel, A Passage to India. After his death he was accorded the status of an activist for the acceptance of homosexual love between men, on the appearance of his polemical, posthumously-published novel Maurice.
Painting of E. M. Forster by Roger Fry, 1911. Forster looks straight at the viewer, wearing a greenish suit with handkerchief in breast pocket, seated in a soft chair with patterned and floral cushions.

Connections

Connections Author name Excerpt
Education Q. D. Leavis
QDL defended her Cambridge dissertation, which was supervised by I. A. Richards , with E. M. Forster as external advisor.
MacKillop, Ian. F.R. Leavis: A Life in Criticism. Allen Lane, 1995.
130, 132
“Obituary: Mrs. Q.D. Leavis”. Times, 19 Mar. 1981, p. 16.
16
Education Zadie Smith
ZS went to Malorees Junior School and then to Hampstead Comprehensive .
Tew, Philip. Zadie Smith. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
27
She was a shy, quiet girl and an overweight, anti-social adolescent, who used reading as an escape and refuge. She also loved...
Family and Intimate relationships Virginia Woolf
Leonard Woolf was a close Cambridge friend of Virginia's brother Thoby Stephen and a member of the Apostles . A Jew, with family roots in London and Amsterdam, he grew up in London, first...
Fictionalization Elizabeth von Arnim
EA inspired a number of creative portraits by her contemporaries during the earlier part of her career. Probably the best-known is the character of Mrs Failing in E. M. Forster 's novel The Longest Journey...
Fictionalization Emily Spender
ES was well-known enough in Italy for copies of this book to be supplied to officers' mess-rooms of the Italian Army as a special compliment to the authoress.
qtd. in
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
It was also for sale in the...
Fictionalization Emily Spender
E. M. Forster used ES as a source for Miss Lavish, a woman writer of romances who appears in A Room With a View, 1908. The basis of his portrait is the impression made...
Friends, Associates Edith Sitwell
By 1919 ES was also friendly with Arnold Bennett and his wife Marguerite . Wyndham Lewis became a great friend, did many drawings of her, and demonstrated a sexual interest in her as well, which...
Friends, Associates Ann Bridge
AB 's correspondents included Ka Arnold-Foster , John Betjeman , E. M. Forster , Margaret Haig Rhondda , Margaret Irwin , John Masefield , Naomi Mitchison , I. A. Richards , Vita Sackville-West , and...
Friends, Associates Virginia Woolf
VW heard E. M. Forster 's talk on The Feminine Note in Literature at the Friday Club . His novel Howards End had appeared the previous October.
Lee, Hermione. Virginia Woolf. Chatto and Windus, 1996.
271
Friends, Associates E. Nesbit
EN met E. M. Forster after writing, the year after its publication, to congratulate him on A Room with a View.
Briggs, Julia. A Woman of Passion: The Life of E. Nesbit, 1858-1924. Hutchinson, 1987.
321
Friends, Associates Virginia Woolf
Early members of what VW called Old Bloomsbury (to distinguish the original members of the group from later additions) included Virginia and Vanessa Stephen , Leonard Woolf , Clive Bell , E. M. Forster ,...
Friends, Associates Virginia Woolf
The cultural production of members of Bloomsbury was prodigious, embracing the imaginative, critical, and political writing of Virginia and Leonard Woolf , E. M. Forster , and Lytton Strachey , the economic theories of Maynard Keynes
Friends, Associates Emily Spender
Through her work on the suffrage movement ES came to know Millicent Garrett Fawcett .
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
She apparently did not impress E. M. Forster and his mother. Alice Clara (Lily) Forster wrote of ES : we...
Friends, Associates Elizabeth Daryush
Through her mother's cousin Roger Fry , ED as a girl met many distinguished people as the friends and guests of her parents: W. B. Yeats , Ezra Pound , Henry Newbolt , Mary Coleridge
Friends, Associates Sara Jeannette Duncan
E. M. Forster wrote in a letter that Mrs Cotes [Sara Jeanette Duncan] was clever and odd—nice to talk to alone, but at times the Social Manner descended like a pall.
Fowler, Marian. Redney: A Life of Sara Jeannette Duncan. Anansi, 1983.
288-9

Timeline

After February 1917: Supporters of the Russian Revolution including...

Writing climate item

After February 1917

Supporters of the Russian Revolution including Evelyn Sharp founded the 1917 Club to provide a venue for freely discussing the revolution without fear of attracting attention under the Defence of the Realm Act or Dora.
Sharp, Evelyn. Unfinished Adventure. John Lane, Bodley Head, 1933.
231

1920: Carrington painted her portrait E. M. Fo...

Building item

1920

Carrington painted her portrait E. M. Forster.
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
359

1924: Billy Budd, Foretopman, a novella written...

Writing climate item

1924

Billy Budd, Foretopman, a novella written by Herman Melville in 1891, was published posthumously in a volume entitled Billy Budd, and Other Prose Pieces.
Weinstock, Herbert, and Wallace Brockway. The World of Opera: The Story of its Origins and the Lore of its Performance. Pantheon Books, 1962.
443
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.
The Life and Works of Herman Melville. http://www.melville.org/.

1928: Edwin Muir published The Structure of the...

Writing climate item

1928

Edwin Muir published The Structure of the Novel.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.
Kermode, Frank. “Fiction and E. M. Forster”. London Review of Books, 10 May 2007, pp. 15-24.
17

4 October 1928: The Young PEN Club, designed for beginning...

Building item

4 October 1928

The Young PEN Club , designed for beginning writers, held its inaugural meeting, chaired by John Galsworthy ; also present were E. M. Forster and the young Frances Parker (soon to be Bellerby) .
Gittings, Robert, and Frances Bellerby. “Introduction”. Selected Poems, edited by Anne Stevenson and Anne Stevenson, Enitharmon Press, 1986.
15

24 February 1934: The National Council for Civil Liberties...

National or international item

24 February 1934

The National Council for Civil Liberties was founded by journalist Ronald Kidd , who had witnessed the treatment of hunger marchers in London in November 1932.
Liberty: A Brief History. http://web.archive.org/web/20080807173131/http://www.liberty-human-rights.org.uk/about/1-history/index.shtml.
Blondel, Nathalie. Mary Butts: Scenes from the Life. McPherson & Company, 1998.
443n8

21-25 June 1935: The First International Congress of Writers...

National or international item

21-25 June 1935

The First International Congress of Writers for the Defence of Culture (an anti-fascist event urging the responsibility of writers to their society) was held in Paris.
Rowley, Hazel. Christina Stead: A Biography. Secker and Warburg, 1995.
169-77

4 October 1951: E. M. Forster's praise for the accomplishments...

Writing climate item

4 October 1951

E. M. Forster 's praise for the accomplishments of the BBC's Third Programme was published in The Listener.
Whitehead, Kate. The Third Programme: A Literary History. Clarendon Press, 1989, http://UofA Rutherford North.
68

Texts

Forster, E. M. A Passage to India. Edward Arnold, 1924.
Forster, E. M. A Room With a View. Edward Arnold, 1908.
Forster, E. M. A Room With A View. Editor Stallybrass, Oliver, Holmes and Meier, 1977.
Forster, E. M. Aspects of the Novel. Edward Arnold, 1927.
Forster, E. M. Howards End. Edward Arnold, 1910.
Forster, E. M. Howards End. Editor Stallybrass, Oliver, The Abinger Edition, The Provost and Scholars of King’s College, 1973.
Forster, E. M. “Introduction and General Notes”. A Room With a View, edited by Oliver Stallybrass, Holmes and Meier, 1977, pp. vii - xix; 221.
Forster, E. M., and Eliza Fay. “Introductory Note”. Original Letters from India, Hogarth Press, 1925, pp. 7-24.
Forster, E. M. Maurice. MacMillan, 1971.
Fay, Eliza, and E. M. Forster. Original Letters from India. Hogarth Press, 1925.
Forster, E. M. The Celestial Omnibus, and Other Stories. Sidgwick and Jackson, 1911.
Forster, E. M. The Life to Come, and Other Stories. Edward Arnold, 1972.