Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
1187 results Occupation
Richard Harris Barham
An ordained clergyman, he held many positions in the
, and lectured on divinity at St Paul's Cathedral. He was an adviser on Bentley's Miscellany and a founder member of the
. Probably the best-known of The Ingoldsby Legends (his humorous poems published in Bentley's from 1837 under the pseudonym Thomas Ingoldsby) is The Jackdaw of Rheims.
Lady Anne Barnard
She acted as hostess during her South African stay to
, the colonial governor, who was travelling without his wife. In this position she showed political acumen, making a point of comparative inclusiveness in her entertaining, and being polite to Dutch settlers hostile to the British presence, even though she might make fun of them in letters. She aspired towards making a difference: bring[ing] the Nations together on terms of good will.
Charlotte Barnard
Two years later, with a single song, she began to publish her words and music.
Emilie Barrington
, who was artistically gifted, entered work for the
Exhibition in 1871, while pregnant with her second child, but was not accepted. She claimed to have taken art lessons from
, and she carried out experiments with pigments.
Sir J. M. Barrie
In January 1883 James Barrie moved south from Scotland to become a journalist in Nottingham. After the Nottingham Journal closed down he made another move, to London, on 28 March 1885.
Maria Barrell
When before a court in 1801 she claimed to be a maker of artifical flowers by trade, who also took a commission on business transactions carried out for someone else.
Mary Basset
, dedicatee of
's translation from Eusebius, made Basset one of her chamber gentlewomen at Court.
Elizabeth Bathurst
In her preaching at these places the Lord was pleased to furnish
with material for her public testimonies, and she had a tender serviceable Reception in the Assemblies of God's People, where she travelled.This speaking eventually brought her imprisonment in the
in Southwark, London.
Henrietta Battier
acted at
in the role of
in
's tragedy on the death of
.
Charles Baudelaire
Remembered largely for his poetry, whose early publication provoked a major crisis in censorship,
also wrote important prose, especially criticism, and translated
's stories into French. As a literary and art critic, he wrote essays on Poe,
,
,
, and
. His influence on poetry and prose in English of the later nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (especially through Les Fleurs du Mal, published in June 1857) is enormous. Tributes and allusions are legion; translators include
and
.
Simone de Beauvoir
Before she turned to full-time writing and political activity in 1943,
taught in lycées or grammar schools: in Marseilles, then in Rouen, then in Paris. Later she led the life of a public intellectual, publishing a prolific output of political and cultural commentary, novels, memoirs, and her famous feminist study The Second Sex.
William Beckford
The teenage
began planning with leading architect
to replace his late father's Palladian mansion at Fonthill in Wiltshire with a Gothic extravaganza topped with an immensely tall tower.
Patricia Beer
Her parents had intended her from childhood to be a teacher. In fact her first job was that of lecturer at the
in Italy.
Eva Mary Bell
In November 1917
visited a British-run Girl Typist Camp in Delhi. In 1919 she was invited to make a presentation at the
in favour of increasing the pensions paid to the widows and families of soldiers (which was duly done in March 1921). In 1929 she was collecting donations for a fund for infrastructure for higher education of Indian women. In 1936 she was lobbying for Indian women's education again, this time for boarding schools which the daughters of soldiers might attend between the ages of ten and seventeen. She noted various arrangements for the education of boys, and pensions to ensure that a girl whose father died in the army would not starve: [y]et we have done too little for her mind.
Giuseppe Gioachino Belli
was known for his sonnets, which were written in the Roman vernacular.
Theodora Benson
During the Second World War
worked for the
, writing Speaker's Notes, material for public speeches explaining the war effort.
, her assistant, said she was brilliant at this work, and reported Benson's successor as saying she was better than anybody else. After the war Jenkins regarded her as never having settled fully back into her writing career because instead she concentrated her energies on being a good friend and a support for other people's problems.
Elizabeth Bentley
Besides teaching poor children to read, at the school which she and her mother opened on the basis of her first poetry publication,
worked at making articles for sale.
Mary Berry
From early in the nineteenth century, in their North Audley Street house and later in Curzon Street,
and Agnes cultivated what might be described as a salon. At a time of fierce political disagreement this was a neutral meeting place for people of both parties, whose regulars were most of them aristocratic, or literary, or both (like
and the future
).
Sir Walter Besant
was a novelist, translator, editor, and journalist. For a short time, he worked as a professor at the
in Mauritius, but left to focus on his writing. Many of his works are historical or deal with social issues. He collaborated on several novels with
and also wrote criticism with
.
Mary Matilda Betham
wrote later that many people thought her a singular, and perhaps imprudent person, because I rhymed, and ventured into the world as an artist; but I belonged to a large family, and dreaded dependence. In May 1800 (by which time she had already worked at writing poems, essays, translation, and a novel) she was convinced that portrait painting, especially miniatures, was her best hope of earning money, and had six miniatures ready to exhibit at the
. In late 1816
was putting out feelers to see if
would produce commissions for miniatures by
from his contacts in London. (Betham charged three guineas for a Virgin and Child.) Betham was during her lifetime better known as a miniature-painter than as a poet, and also ventured into some trifling essays in landscape and composition. She later observed sadly that her early productions in art gave more promise than she ever fulfilled. She also gave readings from
, and worked on her career as a writer.
Matilda Betham-Edwards
The death of her father caused the management of a small occupation—the family farm— to devolve on
and her only unmarried sister: after her years of travel she spent a year or so in Suffolk managing this concern until 1865, when her sister also died. Her Reminiscences comment interestingly on the position of the woman farmer, compelled to do business through male intermediaries, except for petty transactions like selling produce every week to market women.
John Betjeman
worked initially as a private secretary, prep school master, and journalist. During the Second World War he was an assistant in the
and a British press attaché in Ireland, a non-combatant nation (where he was suspected of spying for the British Government). He served as secretary of the
and was appointed Poet Laureate in 1972.
Elizabeth Beverley
Reviews of
's solo stage performances appeared in the English provincial press.
Hester Biddle
A Calling
Mabel Birchenough
World War One