Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Queen Victoria: 1857

National or international item
Author event in Queen Victoria

1857

Prince Albert was officially granted the title of Prince Consort.
Munich, Adrienne. Queen Victoria’s Secrets. Columbia University Press, 1996.
xvi

Charlotte Maria Tucker : 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Maria Tucker

1857

As A. L.O.E., CMT published a children's tale entitled The Rambles of a Rat.
Khorana, Meena, and Judith Gero John, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 163. Gale Research, 1996.
163: 316

Charlotte Maria Tucker : 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Maria Tucker

1857

As A.L.O.E., CMT published The Young Pilgrim, A Tale Illustrative of The Pilgrim's Progress, a book for children again based on Bunyan 's Pilgrim's Progress.
Bratton, Jacqueline S. The Impact of Victorian Children’s Fiction. Croom Helm, 1981.
74

Mary Somerville: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Somerville

1857

The American Geographical and Statistical Society elected MS an honorary member, as did the American Philosophical Society in 1869.
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. “Mary Fairfax Greig Somerville (1780-1872)”. Women of Mathematics: A Biobiliographic Sourcebook, edited by Louise S. Grinstein and Paul J. Campbell, Greenwood Press, 1987, pp. 208-16.
212

Elizabeth Siddal: Around 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Siddal

Around 1857

Her patron John Ruskin gave ES a copy of Elizabeth Barrett Browning 's Aurora Leigh, apparently viewing her in the same light as its eponymous heroine.
Marsh, Jan. Elizabeth Siddal, 1829-1862: Pre-Raphaelite Artist. The Ruskin Gallery, 1991.
14

Margaret Roberts: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Roberts

1857

MR issued, anonymously, at both London and New York, the earliest book identified as hers: Summerleigh Manor; or, Brothers and Sisters, designed, as her preface mentions, for young readers.
The identification is Gillian Avery 's.
Avery, Gillian, and Margaret Roberts. “Introduction”. Banning and Blessing, Gollancz, 1967, pp. 7-8.
7
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.

Charlotte Riddell: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Riddell

1857

Charlotte Cowan succeeded in publishing two novels during the year she became CR : The Moors and the Fens as F. G. Trafford, with Smith, Elder , and The Ruling Passion as Rainey Hawthorne...

Ouida: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Ouida

1857

Ouida , along with her mother and maternal grandmother, moved from Bury St Edmunds to London. They first lived at 41 Lansdowne Road, Kensington Park.
Jordan, Jane. “Ouida: The Enigma of a Literary Identity”. Princeton University Library Chronicle, Vol.
57
, No. 1, 1 Sept.–30 Nov. 1995, pp. 75-105.
77
Stirling, Monica. The Fine and the Wicked: The Life and Times of Ouida. Coward-McCann, 1958.
47

Mary Howitt: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Howitt

1857

A couple of years after William Howitt 's return from Australia, he and MH moved the short distance from The Hermitage to West Hill Lodge, still in Highgate, where they remained until 1866.
Dunicliff, Joy. Mary Howitt: Another Lost Victorian Writer. Excalibur Press of London, 1992.
225

Mary Catherine Hume: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Catherine Hume

1857

MCH published a second poetry volume: Normiton, A Dramatic Poem, in Two Parts. With Other Miscellaneous Pieces.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

Harriett Jay: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Harriett Jay

1857

HJ was born in or near London.
HJ 's London landlord at the time of the 1881 census listed her as born in Kent, while the website on her brother-in-law says she was...

Mary Linskill: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Linskill

1857

ML was apprenticed as a milliner in Whitby, at the firm of Wilson's.
Quinlan, David, and Arthur Frederick Humble. Mary Linskill: The Whitby Novelist. Horne and Son, 1969.
9
Stamp, Cordelia. Mary Linskill. Caedmon of Whitby, 1980.
20
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Rosina Bulwer Lytton, Baroness Lytton: 1857

Women writers item

1857

Rosina Bulwer Lytton made public her private life in a pamphlet, Lady Bulwer Lytton's Appeal to the Justice and Charity of the English Public.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

Anne Marsh: 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Marsh

1857

Hodgson 's Parlour Library series published fifteen volumes of titles by AM .
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

1857: The first spiritualist circle in England,...

Building item

1857

The first spiritualist circle in England, the Charing Cross Spirit-Power Circle of London, was established.
Owen, Alex. The Darkened Room: Women, Power, and Spiritualism in Late Nineteenth-Century England. Virago, 1989.
25
This group is currently the Spiritualist Association of Great Britain .

1857: Gregor Johann Mendel, an Augustinian monk...

National or international item

1857

Gregor Johann Mendel , an Augustinian monk in Poland, began the experiments with garden peas that led to his discovery (circa 1860) of the laws of heredity.
Hellemans, Alexander, and Bryan Bunch. The Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science. Simon and Shuster, 1988.
332
Taton, René, editor. Science in the Nineteenth Century. Translator Pomerans, Arnold J., Vol. 3, Basic Books, 1965.
73, 481-3

1857: J. F. Hope of London published the two volumes...

Women writers item

1857

J. F. Hope of London published the two volumes of Mrs Robert Cartwright's third novel, The Royal Sisters; or Pictures of a Court.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

1857: A Select Committee was appointed to investigate...

National or international item

1857

A Select Committee was appointed to investigate the prevalence and sales of poisons.
Berridge, Virginia, and Griffith Edwards. Opium and the People: Opiate Use in Nineteenth-Century England. St Martin’s Press, 1981.
81
Parssinen, Terry M. Secret Passions, Secret Remedies: Narcotic Drugs in British Society 1820-1930. Institute for the Study of Human Issues, 1983.
45, 73-4

1857: The Society of Female Artists was founde...

Building item

1857

The Society of Female Artists was founded.
Marsh, Jan, and Pamela Gerrish Nunn. Women Artists and the Pre-Raphaelite Movement. Virago, 1989.
29
Nunn, Pamela Gerrish. Victorian Women Artists. Women’s Press, 1987.
72, 79-80
Hirsch, Pam. Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon 1827-1891: Feminist, Artist and Rebel. Chatto and Windus, 1998.
148

1857: The South Kensington Museum, which exhibited...

National or international item

1857

The South Kensington Museum , which exhibited both art and science displays, was founded.
Gascoigne, Robert Mortimer. A Chronology of the History of Science, 1450-1900. Garland, 1987.
396

1857: Before this date, women artists were represented...

Building item

1857

Before this date, women artists were represented in higher proportion in provincial rather than London galleries.
Nunn, Pamela Gerrish. Victorian Women Artists. Women’s Press, 1987.
71

1857: The Obstetrical Society was reborn, with...

Building item

1857

The Obstetrical Society was reborn, with membership open to any male medical professional.
Blake, Catriona, and Wendy Savage. The Charge of the Parasols: Women’s Entry to the Medical Profession. Women’s Press, 1990.
17

1857: Sensing that nationwide prohibition of alcohol...

Building item

1857

Sensing that nationwide prohibition of alcohol was unlikely, the United Kingdom Alliance changed its lobbying efforts to securing Local Option prohibition, which would allow the question to be decided in individual settlements.
Shiman, Lilian Lewis. Crusade against Drink in Victorian England. Macmillan, 1988.
82

1857: Louis Pasteur published his paper Memoire...

Building item

1857

Louis Pasteur published his paper Memoire sur la fermentation appelée lactique, on bacteria and fermentation.
Yarwood, Doreen. Five Hundred Years of Technology in the Home. B. T. Batsford, 1983.
56
Dubos, René J., and Gerald L. Geison. Pasteur and Modern Science. Editor Brock, Thomas D., New illustrated ed., Science Tech Publishers; Springer-Verlag, 1988.
35

1857: A proposal to move the National Gallery further...

Building item

1857

A proposal to move the National Gallery further out, from its central-London site in Trafalgar Square to somewhere suburban, resulted in a poll of Westminster employers as to the relation of their workforce to...