Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Lucy Hutchinson: 1637

Women writers item
Author event in Lucy Hutchinson

1637

Lucy Apsley (later LH ), still in her teens, was already composing songs.
Hutchinson, Lucy. “Introduction, Chronology”. Order and Disorder, edited by David Norbrook, Blackwell, 2001, p. i - lviii.
xiv

1637: Pierre Corneille's French classical tragedy...

Writing climate item

1637

Pierre Corneille 's French classical tragedy Le Cid was staged in London and translated into English.
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

1637: René Descartes published his philosophical...

Writing climate item

1637

René Descartes published his philosophical treatise Le Discours de la Méthode. This introduced the metaphor, important to subsequent generations, of the body as machine.
France, Peter, editor. The New Oxford Companion to Literature in French. Clarendon Press, 1995.

1637: William Austin published a formal defence...

Writing climate item

1637

William Austin published a formal defence of women, Haec Homo, Wherein the Excellency of the Creation of Woman is Described.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

1637: The Star Chamber Decree Concerning Printing...

Building item

1637

The Star ChamberDecree Concerning Printing forbade non-members of the Stationers' Company to sell books retail. This ruling would have barred all women from the publishing business; but it was not observed.
McDowell, Paula. The Women of Grub Street: Press, Politics, and Gender in the London Literary Marketplace, 1678-1730. Clarendon, 1998.
52

Lady Eleanor Douglas: February 1637-September 1640

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Eleanor Douglas

February 1637-September 1640

LED was confined: first in Bedlam (in a special room built for her comfort), then from April 1638 in the Tower of London .
Cope, Esther S. Handmaid of the Holy Spirit: Dame Eleanor Davies, Never Soe Mad a Ladie. University of Michigan Press, 1992.
92-7
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

5 February 1637: At the height of the tulip craze, a single...

Building item

5 February 1637

At the height of the tulip craze, a single bulb sold at auction in Amsterdam for 5,400 guilders.
Julius, Anthony. “Bloom Merchants”. Guardian Weekly, 24 Jan. 1999, p. 29.
29

April 1637: Alexander Henderson of Leuchars, a godly...

National or international item

April 1637

Alexander Henderson of Leuchars, a godly leader of the Scottish Kirk , held a secret meeting with a group of Edinburgh matrons to enlist their aid in resistance against the imposition of the new (...

Between 1637 and 1640: John Evelyn, an undergraduate at Balliol...

Building item

Between 1637 and 1640

John Evelyn , an undergraduate at Balliol College , Oxford, first saw coffee drunk (by a visiting Greek), thirty years before the custom became established.
Evelyn, John. The Diary of John Evelyn. Editor De Beer, Esmond Samuel, Oxford University Press, 1959.
11

11 July 1637: The Bodleian Library's right to one copy...

Writing climate item

11 July 1637

The Bodleian Library 's right to one copy of each new book published in Britain was re-established by order of Archbishop Laud , who happened at the time to be Chancellor of Oxford University .
Whitaker, David. “Heresy!”. The Author, Vol.
cxii
, No. 4, 1 Dec.–28 Feb. 2001, pp. 160-1.
160

23 July 1637: The Anglican Book of Common Prayer was used...

National or international item

23 July 1637

The AnglicanBook of Common Prayer was used for the first time, according to Charles I 's order, at St Giles's Church in Edinburgh, the centre of the Scottish (Presbyterian ) Church.
The Covenanters: The Fifty Years Struggle 1638-1688. http://www.sorbie.net/covenanters.htm.
Purkiss, Diane. The English Civil War, A People’s History. Harper Perennial, 2007.
76

Lady Rachel Russell: Shortly before 19 September 1637

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Rachel Russell

Shortly before 19 September 1637

Rachel Wriothesley (later LRR ) was born.
Schwoerer, Lois. Lady Rachel Russell: "One of the Best of Women". Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988.
1, 11

Anne Bradstreet: 1638

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Bradstreet

1638

AB dated An Elegy Upon Sir Philip Sidney.
Bradstreet, Anne. “The Introduction”. The Complete Works of Anne Bradstreet, edited by Joseph R., Jr McElrath and Allan P. Robb, Twayne, 1981, p. xi - xlii.
xxx

Dorothy Sidney, Countess of Sunderland: 1638

Women writers item

1638

DSCS 's earliest surviving writings consist of letters to her father , which she wrote while he was in France.
Ady, Julia Cartwright. Sacharissa. 3rd ed., Seeley, 1901.
66

Anna Maria van Schurman: 1638

Writing climate item
Author event in Anna Maria van Schurman

1638

AMS composed a treatise on education for women, Amica dissertatio . . . de capacitate ingenii muliebris ad scientias, which reached print about three years later.
Irwin, Joyce L. “Anna Maria van Schurman: The Star of Utrecht (Dutch, 1607-1678)”. Female Scholars: A Tradition of Learned Women Before 1800, edited by Jeanie R. Brink, Eden Press, 1980, pp. 68-85.
72

Before 1638: William Page, Fellow of All Souls College,...

Writing climate item

Before 1638

William Page , Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford , created a proto-feminist text entitled Womens Worth: A Treatise proveing by sundrie reasons that woemen do excell men.
“Sundrie Reasons That Woemen Do Excell Men”. Edmonton Journal, 21 Feb. 2002, p. A1, A7.
A1, A7
McBride, Kari. “Womans Worth Three”. Past Forward, No. 38, Nov.–Mar. 2004, p. 31.

1638: The principal public Ridotto opened in Venice...

Building item

1638

The principal public Ridotto opened in Venice at the Palazzo Dandolo. The word, which originally meant a public space attached to a theatre, came to mean also the gambling system licensed by the Venetian Republic.
“Francesco Guardi: The Ridotto”. The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Timeline of Art History: Venice and Northern Italy, 1600-1800 A.D.

28 February 1638: At Greyfriars Kirk in Edinburgh, Scotsmen...

National or international item

28 February 1638

At Greyfriars Kirk in Edinburgh, Scotsmen opposed to Charles I 's imposition of the AnglicanBook of Common Prayer on the Scottish (Presbyterian ) Church signed a National Covenant against such innovations: in...

30 March 1638: John Wilkins entered in the Stationers' Register...

Building item

30 March 1638

John Wilkins entered in the Stationers' RegisterDiscovery of a World in the Moone, an early fictional response to features of the moon's surface newly made visible by telescopes; it was printed this year.
Cavendish, Margaret. “Introduction”. Paper Bodies: A Margaret Cavendish Reader, edited by Sylvia Bowerbank and Sara Heller Mendelson, Broadview, 2000, pp. 9-37.
29
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

John Milton: May 1638

Writing climate item
Author event in John Milton

May 1638

JM left England to spend more than a year travelling. He spent time and made lasting intellectual friendships in Paris, Florence, Rome, and other leading Italian cities.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

12 June 1638: By the thinnest margin of 7-5, the Court...

National or international item

12 June 1638

By the thinnest margin of 7-5, the Court of the Exchequer ruled in favour of King Charles I and against John Hampden on the latter's defiant refusal to pay ship-money, establishing one of the most...

Lucy Hutchinson: 3 July 1638

Women writers item
Author event in Lucy Hutchinson

3 July 1638

Lucy Apsley married John Hutchinson at St Andrew's Church in Holborn; she eloquently describes the love between them.
Hutchinson, Lucy. Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson. Editor Sutherland, James, Oxford University Press, 1973.
33

Brilliana, Lady Harley: 25 October 1638

Women writers item
Author event in Brilliana, Lady Harley

25 October 1638

Brilliana, Lady Harley , wrote her first extant letter to her eldest son, Ned (later Sir Edward Harley ), who at just thirteen was a new undergraduate entered at Magdalen Hall in Oxford.
Harley, Brilliana, Lady. Letters of the Lady Brilliana Harley. Editor Lewis, Thomas Taylor, Camden Society, 1854.
7

December 1638: The Glasgow Assembly, a newly formed, radical...

National or international item

December 1638

The Glasgow Assembly , a newly formed, radical body representing the Scottish Kirk (some weeks after a first meeting in the cathedral at Glasgow) formally condemned Charles I 's Scottish Prayer Book.
Purkiss, Diane. The English Civil War, A People’s History. Harper Perennial, 2007.
79

Late 1638: Milton's pastoral elegy Lycidas appeared...

Writing climate item

Late 1638

Milton 's pastoral elegy Lycidas appeared in a volume of Cambridge poems published in memory of Edward King , who had died by drowning.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
under Milton