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1536: John Calvin, who became the single greatest...

Building and people item

1536

John Calvin , who became the single greatest influence on the Reform movement, published The Institutes of the Christian Religion.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.
Kernohan, Robert Deans. Our Church: A Guide to the Kirk of Scotland. Saint Andrew, 1985.
12

5 May 1919: The League of Red Cross and Red Crescent...

National or international item

5 May 1919

The League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (later the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies ) was established.
International Organizations and Groups. http://userpage.chemie.fu-berlin.de/adressen/org-fact.html#ec.

December 1964: The Greater London Council began to offer...

Building and people item

December 1964

The Greater London Council began to offer family planning advice to unmarried people.
Fryer, Peter. The Birth Controllers. Secker and Warburg, 1965.
269

1947-1948: Britain, which was considered America's major...

Building and people item

1947-1948

Britain, which was considered America's major overseas film market, declared a 75% tax increase on foreign film earnings. America struck back with a complete embargo on film exports to Britain which persisted for eight months.
Robinson, David. The History of World Cinema. Stein and Day, 1981.
246

19 June 1953: Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were executed...

National or international item

19 June 1953

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were executed in Sing Sing Prison, New York State, on charges of passing atomic secrets to the USSR.
Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/.

26 February 1797: The Bank of England, alarmed by a run on...

National or international item

26 February 1797

The Bank of England , alarmed by a run on gold prompted by fears of invasion from Napoleonic France, prohibited payments in cash: in May this prohibition was enforced by legislation establishing a period of Restriction.
Palk, Deirdre. “’Fit Objects for Mercy’: Gender, the Bank of England and Currency Criminals, 1804-1833”. Women’s Writing, Vol.
11
, No. 2, 2004, pp. 237-58.
237-40

16 October 1816: At Derby thirty-five rioters went on trial...

Building and people item

16 October 1816

At Derby thirty-five rioters went on trial for treason; nineteen were sentenced to hang.
Herron, Bonnie. "An Old Ballad Monger": Hannah More’s Unpublished Letters 1798-1827. University of Alberta, 1999.

21 February 1774: The House of Lords decision Donaldson vs....

Writer or writing item

21 February 1774

The House of Lords decision Donaldson vs. Becket put an end to the legality (based in common law) of perpetual copyright. The case was provoked by the pirating activities of Alexander Donaldson .
Nichol, Donald W. “Warburton (Not!) on copyright: Clearing up the Misattribution of An Enquiry into the Nature and Origin of Literary Property”. Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
19
, No. 2, 1996, pp. 171-82.
171-82
Abbott, John L. “Review of William Zachs, The First John Murray and the Late Eighteenth-Century Book Trade, 1998”. The Age of Johnson, edited by Paul J. Korshin, Vol.
12
, 2001, pp. 495-03.
499

August 1888: Amateur photography gained widespread popularity...

Building and people item

August 1888

Amateur photography gained widespread popularity with George Eastman 's introduction of the first Kodak camera.
Hannavy, John. Masters of Victorian Photography. David and Charles, 1976.
41
Gernsheim, Helmut, and Alison Gernsheim. The History of Photography From the Earliest Use of the Camera Obscura in the Eleventh Century up until 1914. Geoffrey Cumberlege, 1955.
301-2
The History of Kodak. http://www.kodak.com/global/en/corp/historyOfKodak/historyIntro.jhtml?pq-path=2687&pq-locale=en_CA.
Gernsheim, Helmut, and Alison Gernsheim. The History of Photography From the Earliest Use of the Camera Obscura in the Eleventh Century up until 1914. Geoffrey Cumberlege, 1955.
302

1692: Nineteen people were found guilty of witchcraft...

Building and people item

1692

Nineteen people were found guilty of witchcraft at Salem, Massachusetts, and condemned to death by burning.
Wootton, David. “Brutish Babies”. London Review of Books, 11 Nov. 1999, pp. 34-35.
34
VanBurkleo, Sandra F. “Dark and Satanic”. Women’s Review of Books, Vol.
xx
, No. 2, Nov. 2002, pp. 14-16.
14-15

December 1907: The Eugenics Education Society was founded;...

Building and people item

December 1907

The Eugenics Education Society was founded; Francis Galton , geneticist, joined and in 1908 became honorary president.
Kevles, Daniel J. In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity. Knopf, 1985.
ix, 59, 114
Ledbetter, Rosanna. A History of the Malthusian League: 1877-1927. Ohio State University Press, 1976.
204
Pfeffer, Naomi. The Stork and the Syringe: A Political History of Reproductive Medicine. Polity Press, 1993.
14

Amabel Williams-Ellis

Across her long career, AWE worked as an author, editor, compiler, and translator. She wrote periodical articles, novels, and books of information on politics, culture, women's lives, and science: both historical and contemporary, for both...

1939: L. S. Lowry, an obsessive painter of the...

Building and people item

1939

L. S. Lowry , an obsessive painter of the bleak industrial landscapes of his native Manchester and Salford, held his first one-man show in London.
Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/.
Jones, Jonathan. “Happy as Lowry? More like troubled at mill”. Guardian Weekly, 11–17 May 2000, p. 14.
14

1640: Wenceslaus Hollar published a book of prints...

Building and people item

1640

Wenceslaus Hollar published a book of prints surveying women's dress: Ornatus muliebris Anglicanus, or the severall habits of English women, from the nobilitie to the contry [sic] woman, as they are in these times.
Burmester, James et al. English Books. James Burmester Rare Books, 1985–2026, Numbered catalogues.
60

30 May 1954: Diane Leather of Birmingham University became...

Building and people item

30 May 1954

Diane Leather of Birmingham University became the first woman in the world to run a mile in five minutes; earlier the same month Roger Bannister did the first four-minute mile.
Williams, Neville et al. Chronology of the 20th Century. Helicon, 1996.
277

1861: Fearing adverse publicity, and sensing a...

Building and people item

1861

Fearing adverse publicity, and sensing a shift in public opinion, the Royal Academy of Arts acceeded to demands that female artists be granted admission and membership.
Marsh, Jan, and Pamela Gerrish Nunn. Women Artists and the Pre-Raphaelite Movement. Virago, 1989.
30

August 1822: Sir Thomas Phillips founded Middle Hill Press...

Writer or writing item

August 1822

Sir Thomas Phillips founded Middle Hill Press in Middle Hill, Worcestershire.
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 106. Gale Research, 1991.
106: 206

Gladys Henrietta Schütze

Beginning a few years before the First World War (in which she was a pacifist), GHS published about thirty novels, mostly as Henrietta Leslie. Her typical writing is naturalistic fiction with a strong sense...

10 June 1772: A British naval ship which had seized several...

National or international item

10 June 1772

A British naval ship which had seized several trading vessels was burned after running aground near Narrangansett, Rhode Island.
Middlekauff, Robert. The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789. Oxford University Press, 1982.
214

14 May 1796: After some years of investigating the protection...

Building and people item

14 May 1796

After some years of investigating the protection given by cowpox against smallpox, Edward Jenner carried out his first, experimental cowpox injection of a healthy young boy. His subject showed no reaction when later inoculated with...

20 November 1839: Missionary John Williams was clubbed to death...

National or international item

20 November 1839

Missionary John Williams was clubbed to death by cannibal islanders of Erromanga in the New Hebrides; missions on many of the islands were fraught with danger.
Neill, Stephen. A History of Christian Missions. 2nd ed., Penguin, 1990.
255
Bozman, Ernest Franklin, editor. Everyman’s Encyclopaedia. 4th Edition, J. M. Dent, 1958, 12 vols.
under Erromanga

10 December 1993: Richard J. Roberts from Great Britain was...

National or international item

10 December 1993

Richard J. Roberts from Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with American Phillip A. Sharp . The two were recognized for discovering split genes.
Schlessinger, Bernard S., and June H. Schlessinger. The Who’s Who of Nobel Prize Winners, 1901-1995. 3rd ed., Oryx Press, 1996.
The Nobel Foundation. Nobel E-Museum.

27 November 1735: The recently-founded official government...

Women writers item

27 November 1735

The recently-founded official government paper The Daily Gazetteer vigorously defended the current rate of twenty or thirty hangings a year in London.
Dussinger, John A. “Ciceronian Eloquence: The Politics of Virtue in Richardsons PamelaEighteenth Century Fiction, Vol.
12
, No. 1, Oct. 1999, pp. 39-60.
51n27

July 1952: The Women's International League Monthly...

Building and people item

July 1952

The Women's International League Monthly News Sheet, the official organ of the Women's International League , British Section, ended publication.
Doughan, David, and Denise Sanchez. Feminist Periodicals, 1855-1984. Harvester Press, 1987.
39

December 1954: Winston Churchill, as Prime Minister, intervened...

Building and people item

December 1954

Winston Churchill , as Prime Minister, intervened to block a planned BBC programme (with a woman producer) about the prospect of the H-bomb and the effects of fallout.
Travis, Alan. “Churchill gagged BBC on H-bomb”. The Guardian, 20 Aug. 1999, p. 6.
6