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11 February 1929: Mussolini signed the Lateran Treaty, or Concordat...

National or international item

11 February 1929

Mussolini signed the Lateran Treaty, or Concordat with the Pope : this gave sanction to the Fascist regime in Italy, and set up the independent microstate of Vatican City in Rome.
Johnson, Richard William. “I’m all for it”. London Review of Books, 30 Mar. 2000, pp. 11-12.
11
Bozman, Ernest Franklin, editor. Everyman’s Encyclopaedia. 4th Edition, J. M. Dent, 1958, 12 vols.
“12 February 1929. Fascism and the Vatican”. Guardian Weekly, 12 Feb. 2016, p. 22.

31 December 1930: Pope Pius XI declared abortion sinful even...

National or international item

31 December 1930

Pope Pius XI declared abortion sinful even if it was to save the woman's life.
Hordern, Anthony. Legal Abortion: The English Experience. Pergamon, 1971.
13
Trager, James. The Women’s Chronology: A Year-by-Year Record, from Prehistory to the Present. Henry Holt, 1994.
464

Ann Cook

AC , whose work was first published in 1754, is one of the most imaginative cookery-book writers on record; her book includes poetry and story-telling.

2 October 1653: According to George Thomason, William Harvey...

Building and people item

2 October 1653

According to George Thomason , William Harvey published this day the first English version of his pioneering work on the circulation of the blood.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

1933: Sculptor Barbara Hepworth was the only female...

Building and people item

1933

Sculptor Barbara Hepworth was the only female member of the shortlived artistic movement Unit One, which was formed in this year by Paul Nash .
Ford, Boris, editor. The Cambridge Guide to the Arts in Britain. Vol. 9 vols, Cambridge University Press, 1988–2026.
8: 170
Windsor, Alan, editor. Handbook of Modern British Painting 1900-1980. Scolar Press, 1992.
137, 272

2 June 1953: Queen Elizabeth II was crowned; the BBC's...

National or international item

2 June 1953

Queen Elizabeth II was crowned; the BBC 's coverage of this, the first televised coronation, was carried live in the UK, France, the Netherlands and West Germany.
Briggs, Asa. The BBC: The First Fifty Years. Oxford University Press, 1985.
383
Harris, Melvin. ITN Book of Firsts. Michael O’Mara Books, 1994.
130

5 July 1687: Sir Isaac Newton published Philosophiæ naturalis...

Writer or writing item

5 July 1687

Sir Isaac Newton published Philosophiæ naturalis principia mathematica; it was the first work on the movements of the planets to back its statements with detailed mathematical calculations.
Schaffer, Simon. “Somewhat Divine”. London Review of Books, 16 Nov. 2000, pp. 30-1.
30-1
Borne Back Daily. 2001, http://borneback.com/ .
5 July 2012

Louisa Catherine Shore

LCS was a poet writing primarily on public and national topics during the later nineteenth century. She published mostly in company with her sister Arabella , though her one verse-drama appeared alone.

8 December 1840: David Livingstone, Scottish explorer and...

National or international item

8 December 1840

David Livingstone , Scottish explorer and missionary, sailed from the UK for Bechuanaland.
Keller, Helen, editor. The Dictionary of Dates. Macmillan, 1934, 2 vols.
I: 581-4
Langer, William L., editor. An Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged. 4th ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1968.
863
Neill, Stephen. A History of Christian Missions. 2nd ed., Penguin, 1990.
265-6, 268, 320

20-21 September 1586: Anthony Babington and six other Roman Catholics...

National or international item

20-21 September 1586

Anthony Babington and six other Roman Catholics were executed for high treason (plotting to murder Queen Elizabeth with the intention of putting Mary, Queen of Scots , on the throne).
Spartacus Educational. 28 Feb. 2003, http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

25 April 1719: Daniel Defoe anonymously published The Life...

Writer or writing item

25 April 1719

Daniel Defoe anonymously published The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe: a novel with elements of spiritual autobiography.
Moore, John Robert. A Checklist of the Writings of Daniel Defoe. Indiana University Press, 1960.
163
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
Defoe, Daniel. “Introduction”. Robinson Crusoe, edited by John J. Richetti, Penguin, 2001, p. ix - xxxiv.
xxxiii

1844: John Chapman founded his own publishing firm...

Writer or writing item

1844

John Chapman founded his own publishing firm in London.
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 106. Gale Research, 1991.
106: 92

1858: Charles Frederick Worth, founder of grande...

Building and people item

1858

Charles Frederick Worth , founder of grande couture (later haute couture), opened a dressmaking business with Otto Gustaf Bobergh at 7 rue de la Paix, Paris.
Perrot, Philippe. Fashioning the Bourgeoisie: A History of Clothing in the Nineteenth Century. Translator Bienvenu, Richard, Princeton University Press, 1994.
184
de Marly, Diana. Worth: Father of Haute Couture. Elm Tree Books, 1980.
32

6 April 1955: Sir Anthony Eden became Prime Minister and...

National or international item

6 April 1955

Sir Anthony Eden became Prime Minister and new leader of the Conservative Party , following Churchill 's resignation.
Butler, David E., and Jennie Freeman. British Political Facts, 1900-1960. Macmillan, 1963.
36
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
491, 408

Before 11 November 1933: The Women's Co-operative Guild instituted...

National or international item

Before 11 November 1933

The Women's Co-operative Guild instituted the sale and wearing of white poppies for Remembrance Day, often alongside the red poppies sold by the British Legion .
White Poppies. Peace Pledge Union, 2009.

Mid-June 1376: This year marked the first recorded mention...

Writer or writing item

Mid-June 1376

This year marked the first recorded mention of the York cycle of mystery plays, which were held on the feast of Corpus Christi (the Thursday after Trinity Sunday, nearly two months after Easter).
Davidson, Clifford. Festivals and Plays in Late Medieval Britain. Ashgate, 2007.
141

1985-92: Protesters, ranging from the eccentric to...

Building and people item

1985-92

Protesters, ranging from the eccentric to the suburban middle class, opposed government plans for a major road cutting through the chalk of Twyford Down outside Winchester.
Bryant, Barbara, and Graham Anderson. Twyford Down: Roads, Campaigning and Environmental Law. Spon, 1995.
passim

June 1848: Serbs in southern Hungary revolted against...

National or international item

June 1848

Serbs in southern Hungary revolted against the new Hungarian government.
Deák, István. “Lawful Revolutions and the Many Meanings of Freedom in the Habsburg Monarchy”. Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century, edited by Isser Woloch, Stanford University Press, 1996, pp. 280-14.
298

17 February 1936: The Abortion Law Reform Association was founded...

Building and people item

17 February 1936

The Abortion Law Reform Association was founded to reform the law as enshrined in the Offences Against the Person Act of 1861. The idea arose from a conference organized the previous year by a doctor...

13 September 1819: Henry Hunt (organiser of the meeting at Manchester...

Building and people item

13 September 1819

Henry Hunt (organiser of the meeting at Manchester which became the Peterloo Massacre) was welcomed by huge crowds on his arrival in London to stand trial.
Chandler, James. England in 1819: The Politics of Literary Culture and the Case of Romantic Historicism. University of Chicago Press, 1998.
427-8

27 February 1768: A month before he died, Laurence Sterne published...

Writer or writing item

27 February 1768

A month before he died, Laurence Sterne published the work which is generally classed as his second novel (also an episodic travel book), A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy.
Battestin, Martin C., editor. Dictionary of Literary Biography 39. Vol. 2 vols., Gale Research, 1985.
480
Borne Back Daily. 2001, http://borneback.com/ .
27 February 2009

25 April 1694: The Bank of England was established, against...

National or international item

25 April 1694

The Bank of England was established, against violent parliamentary opposition, with the primary object of lending money to the nation rather than to individuals: this was the beginning of the National Debt.
Haydn, Joseph. Haydn’s Dictionary of Dates and Universal Information. Editor Vincent, Benjamin, 23rd ed., Ward, Lock, 1904.
111
Grun, Bernard. The Timetables of History. 3rd revised, Simon and Schuster, 1991.
318
Porter, Roy. English Society in the Eighteenth Century. Penguin, 1982.
122
Evelyn, John. The Diary of John Evelyn. Editor De Beer, Esmond Samuel, Oxford University Press, 1959.
983-4

October 1972: The Scottish Women's Temperance News ended...

Building and people item

October 1972

The Scottish Women's Temperance News ended publication in London.
Doughan, David, and Denise Sanchez. Feminist Periodicals, 1855-1984. Harvester Press, 1987.
20

30 May 1782: The Duke of Portland, Lord Lieutenant of...

National or international item

30 May 1782

The Duke of Portland , Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, announced in the House of Lords a new Bill of Rights for Ireland: the Dublin Parliament was freed from the rule of the British Privy Council

1806: Patrick Colquhoun published A Treatise on...

Building and people item

1806

Patrick Colquhoun published A Treatise on Indigence, exhibiting a general view of the national resources for productive labour.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.