Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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15 May 1858: The third Covent Garden Theatre of the century...

Building item

15 May 1858

The third Covent Garden Theatre of the century was opened.
Wyndham, Henry Saxe. The Annals of Covent Garden Theatre From 1732 to 1897. Chatto and Windus, 1906, 2 vols.
2: 220-2
Mander, Raymond, and Joe Mitchenson. The Theatres of London. Rupert Hart-Davis, 1963.
57

Anna Steele: 27 May 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Steele

27 May 1858

Anna Caroline Wood , probably still in her teens, married Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Steele of the 17th Lancers .
Burke, John, editor. Burke’s Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage of the United Kingdom. Burke’s Peerage.

Margaret Oliphant: 28 May 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Oliphant

28 May 1858

MO 's fifth, and third surviving, child, Stephen Thomas, died at nine weeks old.
Williams, Merryn. Margaret Oliphant: A Critical Biography. St Martin’s Press, 1986.
28

Mathilde Blind: Mid 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Mathilde Blind

Mid 1858

MB was expelled from school for atheism, having come to disbelieve the Biblical version of creation for a scientific one based on geology.
Garnett, Richard, and Mathilde Blind. “Memoir”. The Poetical Works of Mathilde Blind, edited by Arthur Symons and Arthur Symons, T. Fisher Unwin, 1900, pp. 1-43.
8

Caroline Chisholm: By June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Caroline Chisholm

By June 1858

Suffering from kidney disease, CC had become seriously ill and moved to Sydney for medical treatment from Dr William Bland .
Kiddle, Margaret, and Sir Douglas Copland. Caroline Chisholm. 2nd ed., Melbourne University Press, 1957.
226-7

Elizabeth Gaskell: June-September 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Gaskell

June-September 1858

Household Words carried EG 's short historical novel My Lady Ludlow; the stories The Sin of a Father (later retitled Right at Last) and A House to Let (later The Manchester Marriage) appeared later that year.
Uglow, Jennifer S. Elizabeth Gaskell: A Habit of Stories. Faber and Faber, 1993.
619
Miller, Anita, and Elizabeth Gaskell. “Preface and Chronology”. My Lady Ludlow, Academy Chicago, 1995, pp. 7-10.
10

Margaret Oliphant: June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Oliphant

June 1858

Blackwood's published MO 's Religious Memoirs, a review containing an early expression of her dislike of pious deathbed scenes which play on the reader's feelings.
Jay, Elisabeth. Mrs Oliphant: "A Fiction to Herself": A Literary Life. Clarendon Press, 1995.
180, 324n152

June 1858: The appointment of Potatau Te Wherowhero...

National or international item

June 1858

The appointment of Potatau Te Wherowhero initiated the King Movement for Maori federation, with the aim of co-ordinating opposition to British forces and land encroachment during the ongoing New Zealand wars.
Belich, James. The New Zealand Wars and the Victorian Interpretation of Racial Conflict. Auckland University Press, 1986.
75-6

Emily Shirreff: By 5 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Emily Shirreff

By 5 June 1858

ES published her lengthy essay Intellectual Education and Its Influence on the Character and Happiness of Women.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1597 (1858): 714

Adelaide Procter: By 5 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Adelaide Procter

By 5 June 1858

The first series of AP 's Legends and Lyrics appeared, dedicated to her beloved sister feminist Matilda M. Hays .
Many but not all of the poems had been previously published in Household Words.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1597 (1858): 712
Gregory, Gill. The Life and Work of Adelaide Proctor. Ashgate, 1998.
3, 25

Catherine Gore : By early June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Catherine Gore

By early June 1858

CG published her final work, Heckington: A Novel.
The Athenaeum Index of Reviews and Reviewers: 1830-1870. http://replay.web.archive.org/20070714065452/http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~asp/v2/home.html.
Baird, Rebecca Lynne Russell. Catherine Frances Gore, the Silver-Fork School, and "Mothers and Daughters": True Views of Society in Early Nineteenth-Century Britain. Dissertation Thesis, University of Arkansas, May 1992.
123
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

Isabella Hamilton Robinson: 14 June 1858

Women writers item

14 June 1858

Henry Robinson 's court case claiming divorce from his wife, IHR , on grounds of her adultery, based largely on her diary, opened in Westminster Hall , London. It was presented over five days.
Summerscale, Kate. Mrs. Robinson’s Disgrace. 1st ed., Bloomsbury USA, 2012.
prologue

F. Mabel Robinson: 16 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in F. Mabel Robinson

16 June 1858

FMR was born at Milverton near Leamington in Warwickshire, the younger of two daughters.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Jane Loudon: 18 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Loudon

18 June 1858

JL spent the entire day in her library, sorting and burning private papers. She destroyed every scrap of paper marked with her handwriting.
Howe, Bea. Lady with Green Fingers. Country Life, 1961.
161

Amelia B. Edwards: By 19 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Amelia B. Edwards

By 19 June 1858

ABE set her novel Hand and Glove in the French countryside.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1599 (1858): 783
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

Elizabeth Stone: By 19 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Stone

By 19 June 1858

Elizabeth Stone published God's Acre; or, Historical Notices relating to Churchyards.
One of the two copies in the Bodleian has a new leaf replacing the original pages 187-8, which were cancelled.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1599 (19 June 1858): 778-81

Rosina Bulwer Lytton, Baroness Lytton: 21 June 1858

Women writers item

21 June 1858

Rosina Bulwer Lytton (later Baroness Lytton ) was committed to a lunatic asylum by her estranged husband, Edward Bulwer Lytton , after she made a public speech in Hertford against his candidacy for parliament as...

Maria Theresa Longworth : 26 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Maria Theresa Longworth

26 June 1858

Less than a year after his Irish marriage to MTL , William Charles Yelverton repudiated it and married, with all proper forms, Emily Forbes , the widow of naturalist Edward Forbes.
Cokayne, George Edward. The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant. Editor Gibbs, Vicary, St Catherine Press, 1910–1959, 14 vols.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Jane Marcet: 28 June 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Marcet

28 June 1858

JM died in her late eighties, at her daughter's house at 14 Stratton Street, Piccadilly, London.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

End of June 1858: A heatwave combined with the discharge of...

Building item

End of June 1858

A heatwave combined with the discharge of raw sewage into the Thames brought to a climax terrible conditions of water pollution in London which became known as the Great Stink.
George, Rose. “Diary”. London Review of Books, 11 May 2006, pp. 36-7.
36
Hill, Rosemary. “Snakes and Leeches”. London Review of Books, Vol.
40
, No. 1, 4 Jan. 2018, pp. 23-5.
23, 25

1 July 1858: Papers on the theory of natural selection...

Building item

1 July 1858

Papers on the theory of natural selection by Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin were read at a meeting of the Linnean Society .
Wallace, Alfred Russel. “Introduction”. Alfred Russel Wallace: An Anthology of His Shorter Writings, edited by Charles H. Smith, Oxford University Press, 1991, pp. 1-8.
3, 5

July 1858: Napoleon III and Cavour met secretly at Plombières...

National or international item

July 1858

Napoleon III and Cavour met secretly at Plombières in the Vosges to plot war against Austria.
Cowie, Leonard W., and Leonard Woolfson. Years of Nationalism: European History 1815-1890. Edward Arnold, 1985.
229

Anne Manning: By 3 July 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Manning

By 3 July 1858

AM 's The Ladies of Bever Hollow, A Tale of English Country Life, another novel as by the author of Mary Powell, is one of her books with a contemporary setting; it was...

Jane Loudon: 13 July 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Loudon

13 July 1858

JL died at her home, 3 Porchester Terrace, London, of heart disease.
Ashfield, Andrew, and Isobel Grundy. Email: Notes on Susannah Dobson (1738-1795) and Jane Webb 1800-1858. 14 May 2019.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Emmeline Pankhurst: 14 July 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Emmeline Pankhurst

14 July 1858

According to her own account, generally accepted, Emmeline Goulden , later EP , was born on this day in Manchester, the eldest of ten children. Her birth certificate, however, says the 15th.
Pankhurst, Sylvia. The Life of Emmeline Pankhurst. Kraus Reprint, 1969.
7
Pankhurst, Christabel. Unshackled: The Story of How We Won the Vote. Editor Pethick-Lawrence, Frederick William, Hutchinson, 1959.
16-17
Purvis, June. Emmeline Pankhurst: A Biography. Routledge, 2002.
9