Queen Elizabeth I

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Standard Name: Elizabeth I, Queen
Birth Name: Elizabeth Tudor
Royal Name: Elizabeth I
QEI was a scholar by training and inclination (who wrote translations both as learning exercises and for recreation), as well as a writer in many genres and several languages. As monarch she wrote speeches, and all her life she wrote letters, poems, and prayers. (Some of these categories occasionally overlap.) Once her writing moved beyond the dutifulness of her youth, she had a pungent and forceful style both in prose and poetry.
Full-length portrait of Queen Elizabeth I, by the school of Nicholas Hilliard, 1590. Behind her two hovering angels prepare to crown her. She wears formal and elaborate clothes: tight blonde curls, a ruff, a stiff bodice, petticoat and over-skirt in intricate brocade patterns, deep lace cuffs, strings of pearls and several rings. A lengthy Latin inscription calls her an invincible virgin, mistress of all sciences, founder of Jesus College, Oxford, where the painting hangs.

Connections

Connections Author name Excerpt
Family and Intimate relationships Mary Sidney Herbert Countess of Pembroke
Mary Sidney's famous uncle, the Earl of Leicester , was one of Elizabeth 's leading courtiers during Mary's youth, and a patron of actors. Of her mother's other two brothers, one became an earl as...
Family and Intimate relationships Lady Margaret Sackville
Vita Sackville-West was LMS 's second cousin: Queen Elizabeth I had presented their common ancestor, Thomas Sackville (a minor writer), with Knole, near Sevenoaks, the estate that Vita was barred from inheriting because of...
Family and Intimate relationships Mary Sidney Herbert Countess of Pembroke
A few months later Mary came to London, to Elizabeth 's court.
Hannay, Margaret P. Philip’s Phoenix: Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke. Oxford University Press, 1990, http://U of A HSS.
31-2
Family and Intimate relationships Grace Lady Mildmay
After the wedding Anthony was active in royal service and often away from home: for the first twenty years of the marriage he was elsewhere for about half of the time. He was knighted in...
Family and Intimate relationships Margaret Roper
The family of Thomas More were merchants and lawyers of London's bourgeois ruling class: Thomas duly became a lawyer and out of personal passion became a scholar of the new humanist learning. He married again...
Family and Intimate relationships Anne Locke
She was then courted by Edward Dering , a rising, charismatic, and controversial Protestant preacher who was about ten years her junior. He had recently been so bold as to reprove Queen Elizabeth from the...
Family and Intimate relationships Susanna Hopton
Susanna's father, Sir Simon Harvey , was at the top of the grocery business. He had borne the title of Royal Grocer under Elizabeth I and James I , and became Clerk of Greencloth (overseeing...
Family and Intimate relationships Emmeline Pankhurst
She intended to spearhead a campaign to provide a better start in life for the illegitimate children of soldiers and reluctant mothers. (Ethel Smyth tried to dissuade her, took it philosophically when she was...
Fictionalization Katherine Parr
Dozens of fictional representations of KP inhabit the fringes of the many re-imaginings of her husband and her step-daughter; few of them pay any attention to her intellectual life or her writing. She takes centre...
Friends, Associates Ivy Compton-Burnett
Liddell was to remain one of ICB 's close friends. She maintained a benevolent, almost aunt-like relationship with him, and although resident abroad he was an important source of support after Jourdain's death. He later...
Health Dora Carrington
Carrington attempted to give herself a miscarriage by riding a horse violently, and when this did not work she became depressed to a nearly suicidal degree.
Gerzina, Gretchen. Carrington: A Life of Dora Carrington, 1893-1932. John Murray, 1989.
271-2
She had mused to Gerald Brenan in 1920...
Intertextuality and Influence Sophia Lee
A novelette appeared which was clearly a spin-off from SL 's The Recess: it is entitled (in part) Rose Douglas; or, The Court of Elizabeth; its heroine is sole survivor of twins born...
Intertextuality and Influence Anna Maria Mackenzie
The epigraph on the first title-page is the sonnet by Queen Elizabeth beginning The toppe of hope, now generally known by the title of Doubt of Future Foes. The second volume's title-page is...
Intertextuality and Influence Sappho
Sappho 's name was an honorific for women writers for generations. George Puttenham may have been the first to use it to compliment a writing woman: in Parthienades, 1579, he said that Queen Elizabeth
Intertextuality and Influence Anne Bradstreet
AB was writing poetry while still in her teens. Langland 's Piers Plowman, Sir Philip Sidney and the Countess of Pembroke (whose mother, like AB , was born a Dudley), and Camden 's life...

Timeline

1582: Thomas Bentley edited The Monument of Matrones,...

Women writers item

1582

Thomas Bentley edited The Monument of Matrones, an important anthology containing writings by women, mostly religious.
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.
Horton, Louise. “’Restore Me That Am Lost’: Recovering the Forgotten History of Lady Abergavenny’s Prayers”. Women’s Writing, Vol.
26
, No. 1, Feb. 2019, pp. 3-14.
5

13 July 1584: A reconnaissance expedition sent by Sir Walter...

National or international item

13 July 1584

A reconnaissance expedition sent by Sir Walter Ralegh or Raleigh landed in North America, in what became the colony of Virginia. The next summer Ralegh, having received a patent or royal permission as a colonist...

Between late 1584 and early 1585: Francis Bacon wrote his Letter of Advice...

Writing climate item

Between late 1584 and early 1585

Francis Bacon wrote his Letter of Advice to Queen Elizabeth.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2024, 22 vols. plus supplements.

20-21 September 1586: Anthony Babington and six other Roman Catholics...

National or international item

20-21 September 1586

Anthony Babington and six other Roman Catholics were executed for high treason (plotting to murder Queen Elizabeth with the intention of putting Mary, Queen of Scots , on the throne).
Spartacus Educational. 28 Feb. 2003, http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

8 February 1587: Mary Queen of Scots was executed at Fotheringay...

National or international item

8 February 1587

Mary Queen of Scots was executed at Fotheringay Castle in England.
Guy, John. “The Tudor Age (1485-1603)”. Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, edited by Kenneth O. Morgan, Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 223-85.
251
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
161
Haydn, Joseph. Haydn’s Dictionary of Dates and Universal Information. Editor Vincent, Benjamin, 23rd ed., Ward, Lock, 1904.
425

1588: Elizabeth I licensed a company for trading...

National or international item

1588

Elizabeth I licensed a company for trading to Africa.
Haydn, Joseph. Haydn’s Dictionary of Dates and Universal Information. Editor Vincent, Benjamin, 23rd ed., Ward, Lock, 1904.
under Africa

26 July 1588: Queen Elizabeth granted a patent or royal...

Building item

26 July 1588

Queen Elizabeth granted a patent or royal licence for the first system of real shoirthand, invented by the writing-master Peter Bales and by Timothy Bright .

23 January 1590: Edmund Spenser dated (using the old-style...

Writing climate item

23 January 1590

Edmund Spenser dated (using the old-style reckoning of 1589) his letter to Sir Walter Raleghexpounding his whole intention in the first three books of The Faerie Queene, which was published soon afterwards.
Spenser, Edmund. The Poetical Works of Edmund Spenser. Editors Smith, James Cruikshank and Ernest De Selincourt, Henry Frowde, Oxford University Press, 1916.
407-8, 394

1591: Calligrapher Esther Inglis presented one...

Building item

1591

Calligrapher Esther Inglis presented one of her earliest works, a verse Discours de la foi, to Queen Elizabeth I .
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

3 March 1592: Elizabeth I granted the founding charter...

National or international item

3 March 1592

Elizabeth I granted the founding charter for Trinity College, Dublin.
Maxwell, Constantia. A History of Trinity College, Dublin, 1591-1892. University Press, Trinity College, 1946.
4-5
Foster, Robert Fitzroy. Modern Ireland 1600-1972. Allen Lane, 1988.
49

7 June 1594: Dr Roderigo Lopez, a Portuguese Jew who had...

National or international item

7 June 1594

Dr Roderigo Lopez , a Portuguese Jew who had lived thirty-five years in England, most of them at the head of the medical profession, was executed for his alleged part in a plot to...

19 November 1594: Edmund Spenser's Amoretti (sonnets) and Epithalamium...

Writing climate item

19 November 1594

Edmund Spenser 's Amoretti (sonnets) and Epithalamium were entered in the Stationers' Register .
Arber, Edward, editor. A Transcript of the Registers of the Company of Stationers of London 1554-1660, A. D. Privately Printed, 1875–1894, 5 vols.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

March 1599: Queen Elizabeth sent her young favourite...

National or international item

March 1599

Queen Elizabeth sent her young favourite the Earl of Essex to Ireland as Lord Lieutenant with a large army to crush Tyrone 's Rebellion.
Lee, Sophia. The Recess. Editor Alliston, April, University Press of Kentucky, 2000.
353n37, 355n4, 356n11

14 April 1599: Sir John Davies registered with the Stationers'...

Writing climate item

14 April 1599

Sir John Davies registered with the Stationers' Company the first of the two well-known works he published this year, essays entitled NosceTeipsum (Know Thyself).
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

7 February 1601: Followers of the Earl of Essex attended a...

Writing climate item

7 February 1601

Followers of the Earl of Essex attended a play at the Globe Theatre, the day before rising against Queen Elizabeth : this has been taken, probably wrongly, to demonstrate the theatre's political power.
Gutierrez, Nancy A. "Shall She Famish Then?". Ashgate, 2003.
22-3

Texts

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