In financial straits, the sixty-five-year-old MAB
wrote of looking for work as a housekeeper or governess, though she feared she might be unemployable.
Gilderdale, Betty. The Seven Lives of Lady Barker. Canterbury University Press, 2009.
Her next job, as tutor or nursery-governess in a private family in Surbiton, developed spontaneously into the running of a small private school for a dozen children in the house of the original pupil's family. EB
taught all the subjects studied, put on children's plays, and served food at a dinner-party when the parlourmaid fell ill.
Stoney, Barbara. Enid Blyton. Hodder and Stoughton, 1974.
40-2
She also, at this period, began publishing illustrated books for small children.
After she finished her education in France, CMB
returned to England and found work as a governess. At first, she worked at schools in Dover and Brighton. Later she worked in a private home for a family in Leicestershire. It was at this time that she began contributing short stories to The Lamp, a Catholic penny magazine. A parcel of books
Drozdz, Gregory. Charlotte Mary Brame. Gregory Drozdz, 1984.
5
was her only payment for this early literary work.
Drozdz, Gregory. Charlotte Mary Brame. Gregory Drozdz, 1984.
5
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
She performed in Liverpool as well as York. Wilkinson wrote unflatteringly of her in his memoirs, as did William Beloe. John Nichols
thought well of her talents, though he called her wayward and eccentric, in his Illustrations of the Literary History of the Eighteenth Century.
Nichols, John, 1745 - 1826, and John Bowyer Nichols. Illustrations of the Literary History of the Eighteenth Century. Printed for the author by Nichols, Son, and Bentley, 1817–1858, 8 vols.
6: 534
David Erskine Baker
in the 1812 edition of Biographia Dramatica said she performed with force and discrimination. After leaving the stage she went to work as a governess.
AB
remained silent about her brief foray into paid work, as a governess.
Freeman, Gillian. The Schoolgirl Ethic: The Life and Work of Angela Brazil. Allen Lane, 1976.
54n
At Bolton Le Moors she began keeping house for her brother Walter. She worked as a conservationist to preserve various monuments, and as a tireless committee woman on behalf of the YWCA
and of Coventry Cathedral.
Freeman, Gillian. The Schoolgirl Ethic: The Life and Work of Angela Brazil. Allen Lane, 1976.
16
In 1914 she was elected to the committee of Coventry's Natural History and Scientific Society
. Walter became a Vice-President of the society at this time, and later she became its first woman Vice-President. This led in turn to her becoming a founder member of the Coventry City Guild
. The guild concerned itself with the preservation of history: AB
(a great collector of objects) donated to its museum a pair of gloves worn by George Eliot
. During the First World War it managed a scheme for growing vegetables in allotments, while AB
herself worked in a creche for the children of munitions workers. In 1924, at her urging, the guild established an annual Education Week.
Freeman, Gillian. The Schoolgirl Ethic: The Life and Work of Angela Brazil. Allen Lane, 1976.
AB
, who had previously worked as a governess in private families, planned when she received her first tiny grant from the Royal Literary Fund
to open a small school, but it is not clear whether she ever did this.
When she was old enough, Mary took over some of the instruction of the younger pupils at her father's school. From 1827 she worked as a governess and from 1829 as a teacher in a girls' school run by her mother and sisters.
Carpenter, J. Estlin. The Life and Work of Mary Carpenter. 2nd ed., MacMillan and Co., 1881.
In her young days EC
's father had supposed that some job at court might be found for such a prodigy. In middle age she was offered, but declined, a job as royal governess.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Myers, Sylvia Harcstark. The Bluestocking Circle: Women, Friendship, and the Life of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century England. Clarendon, 1990.
She spent two-and-a-half years at the London Hospital, and met her future husband, Thomas Chant
, while he was a house surgeon there. When their plans for marriage became known (the Hospital forbade relationships between its male and female staff) Laura Ormiston Dibbin left and took another job. She worked as assistant matron at a lunatic asylum for a year, and then as a companion and governess to a woman and her daughters.
Donohue, Joseph. Fantasies of Empire: The Empire Theatre of Varieties and the Licensing Controversy of 1894. University of Iowa Press, 2005.
Suggestions were put to her about taking up a job as companion to an English duchess or governess in a German princely household, but the always-influential Elizabeth Montagu
disliked the sound of the first position and HMC
felt herself unable to face the upheaval represented by the second.
Myers, Sylvia Harcstark. The Bluestocking Circle: Women, Friendship, and the Life of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century England. Clarendon, 1990.
On returning from France, Mary Novello (later MCC
) took up her intended profession
Clarke, Mary Cowden. My Long Life. Dodd, Mead, 1896.
34
in the position of governess for the Purcell family. She was responsible for five children, the eldest only two years younger than herself. She scored a great hit with her charges for the plays she composed and performed in their dolls' theatre, but (being used to such high standards) she always worried that her piano teaching and playing might not be good enough. Her salary was twenty pounds a year, and when she received a five-pound note for her first quarter's pay she slept all night with it under her pillow, before receiving special permission for a day off in which to take her earnings home to her mother.
Clarke, Mary Cowden. My Long Life. Dodd, Mead, 1896.
To help support her family, CC
found work teaching English and music. She also travelled across Switzerland and France as an accompanist and costume model.
Codd, Clara. So Rich a Life. Caxton Limited, 1951.
11, 13
A few years later she spent some time in Ireland working as a governess.
Codd, Clara. So Rich a Life. Caxton Limited, 1951.
She worked a number of jobs that included teaching (she was a governess who attended her pupils by the day and did not live in), jewelry-making, and needlework. In the 1840s she was making about sixty pounds a year by her teaching. Driven by financial need, she also began writing, mainly for periodicals that would pay her for contributions. In 1842 she began work as an assistant editor for Friendship's Offering; this was the first of several editorial positions.
Thesing, William B., editor. Dictionary of Literary Biography 240. Gale Research, 2001.
240: 30, 32
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Working after her marriage for The Keepsake, she was almost solely responsible for corresponding with authors such as Thackeray
, Anna Maria Hall
, Tennyson
, and theBrownings
, and for correcting proofs of their work.
Adburgham, Alison. Women in Print: Writing Women and Women’s Magazines from the Restoration to the Accession of Victoria. George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1972.
Having abandoned her plan for running a girls' boarding school, EE
took up her post as governess to the Duchess of Portland
's very young children.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
On leaving school at sixteen, Peggy Whistler (later ME
) went abroad to teach English, apparently some maths, and drawing at a school in Touraine in France: Cours Saint-Denis in Loches. She disliked this school, where both the discipline and the physical conditions were spartan. She also worked for a time as a governess for a Syrian family living at Alton in Hampshire. Her pupil there, a six-year-old boy, later remembered her reading to him from Tennyson
's The Lady of Shalott.
Dearnley, Moira. Margiad Evans. University of Wales Press, 1982.
SF
declined an invitation to work as a governess to the young daughter of Anne Dewes
(sister of Mary Delany
).
Catto, Susan J. Modest Ambition: The Influence of Henry Fielding, Samuel Richardson, and the Ideal of Female Diffidence on Sarah Fielding, Charlotte Lennox, and Frances Brooke. University of Oxford, 1998.
Following the successful completion of her studies, Constance Black (later CG
) was appointed as a lecturer in classical studies at Newnham College
. However, it was only a single-term appointment and she soon began to look for work elsewhere.
Garnett, Richard. Constance Garnett: A Heroic Life. Sinclair-Stevenson, 1991.
35
In 1884 she took a position as a governess, for which she was paid £100 per annum. While she taught the daughters of the family, the sons went to school.
Garnett, Richard. Constance Garnett: A Heroic Life. Sinclair-Stevenson, 1991.
37
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
MW
held several governess posts, one of which she describes to her sister as a noisom irksom Den.
qtd. in
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
At some point EJW
worked as a teacher or governess. Considering how well-known her books became, it is remarkable how little information is available about her life.
Jay, Elisabeth. The Religion of the Heart: Anglican Evangelicalism and the Nineteenth-Century Novel. Clarendon Press, 1979.
246
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.