Christina Rossetti

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Standard Name: Rossetti, Christina
Birth Name: Christina Georgina Rossetti
Pseudonym: C. G. R.
Pseudonym: Ellen Alleyne
Pseudonym: Calta
Nickname: Sister Christina
CR wrote and published poetry ranging from religious poetry, love lyrics, and sonnets to narrative and dramatic verse. She published five successive volumes of verse, three collected editions, and many individual poems in anthologies and periodicals, from the 1840s until her death in the 1890s. She occupies a liminal position in relation to the Pre-Raphaelite movement: deeply influenced by and indebted to it, she developed a voice and preoccupations in many respects distinct from those of its male members, partly because of her equally strong absorption in the High AnglicanOxford Movement. Goblin Market, the poem for which she is best known, has frequently been re-issued as a children's fable, but has also been convincingly read as a complex exploration of religion, gender, and sexuality. Some of her other verse was specifically aimed at children. Her attempts at prose fiction, of which a volume appeared in her lifetime and another posthumously, were not as well received as her poetry. CR 's devotional writing, which intensified towards the end of her life, includes hymns and other religious verse, as well as six volumes of religious commentary presented from a distinctively female standpoint. A writer who combined abiding interest in symbol and correspondence with stylistic austerity and metrical innovation that presaged modernism, CR is recognised as one of the major poets of the Victorian period.

Connections

Connections Author name Sort descending Excerpt
Friends, Associates Anna Mary Howitt
Family biographer Carl Ray Woodring numbers AMH with a group of Pre-Raphaelite sisters, including Barbara Leigh Smith (later Bodichon) , Bessie Rayner Parkes , and Margaret Gillies , who associated themselves with innovation in...
Friends, Associates Violet Hunt
Friends of VH 's family included John Ruskin , Edward Burne-Jones , John Millais , Dante Gabriel Rossetti , Robert Browning , and Christina Rossetti , who read Violet's early poems. VH also met and...
Friends, Associates Jean Ingelow
JI met Christina Rossetti , with whom she and Dora Greenwell came to share a unique literary and personal friendship.
Rossetti, Christina. The Letters of Christina Rossetti. Editor Harrison, Antony H., University Press of Virginia.
190, 203
Literary responses Jean Ingelow
On 1 December 1863, Christina Rossetti wrote to her publisher, Miss Procter I am not afraid of; but Miss Ingelow . . . would be a formidable rival to most men, and to any woman...
Textual Production Jean Ingelow
Rossetti also benefited from JI 's success. Following the advice of a friend , Ingelow wrote to an American publisher informing them that she was aware of literary piracy in America, and asking for...
Literary responses Jean Ingelow
JI was wildly successful during her life—she even had a ship named after her while she lived—but it is only very recently that a resurgence of scholarship on and appreciation of her has begun. An...
Textual Production Kathleen E. Innes
Of about a dozen other books in the series, this work was the only one written by a woman about a woman writer. Royds situates Barrett Browning within a strong tradition of women writers including...
Textual Production Elizabeth Jennings
She edited a selection of Christina Rossetti 's poetry for Faber and Faber in 1970, with an introduction praising Rossetti's many felicities . . . the perfection of her lyric ear . . . [her]...
Friends, Associates Sarah Orne Jewett
SOJ had a broad social circle. She belonged to an artistic community of women that included Celia Thaxter and Louise Guiney , and counted Harriet Beecher Stowe (whose funeral she and Annie Fields attended in...
Intertextuality and Influence Sylvia Kantaris
The poems here are full of places—real ones, like St Ives, Zennor, a rain-forest in Queensland, Australia; also the dystopias of Snapshotland (where everyone is happy all the time.)
Kantaris, Sylvia. The Sea at the Door. Secker and Warburg.
4
and...
Reception Sylvia Kantaris
Commenting on her own work, SK has cited Christina Rossetti saying that in a poet, the ear dictates and the mouth listens. She adds: What fascinates me most is to discover the curious and humorous...
Reception L. E. L.
Although LEL died on the cusp of the Victorian period, she was widely read in its early years, and was invoked explicitly by many other writers who followed her, including women poets Elizabeth Barrett Browning
Publishing Philip Larkin
During the later 1950s PL reviewed poetry for the then Manchester Guardian, and during the next decade he reviewed jazz for the Daily Telegraph. He occasionally wrote for the periodical press about other...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text Amy Levy
For the Star she wrote lyrics about London life, like Ballade of an Omnibus and Ballade of a Special Edition (that is, a newspaper issue responding to some extreme disaster).
Beckman, Linda Hunt. Amy Levy: Her Life and Letters. Ohio University Press.
138-9
In The Woman's World...
Intertextuality and Influence Amy Levy
AL acknowledged the influence on her poetry of Percy Bysshe Shelley , Goethe , Heine , Robert Browning , Swinburne (whose poem Félise she answered in Félise to Her Lover), and James Thomson (the...

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