Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Annie Keary: By 11 April 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Annie Keary

By 11 April 1857

AK 's sister Eliza (her collaborator on several children's books) shared with her the attribution of The Heroes of Asgard, and the Giants of Jötunheim, as the author of Mia and Charlie, and her...

Maria Theresa Longworth : 12 April 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Maria Theresa Longworth

12 April 1857

In a Scotch marriage ceremony, William Charles Yelverton (later Viscount Avonmore) read the Church of England marriage service aloud to MTL in Edinburgh.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
Rosenman, Ellen Bayuk. Unauthorized Pleasures. Cornell University Press, 2003.
127

Queen Victoria: 14 April 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Queen Victoria

14 April 1857

QV gave birth to Princess Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodora , commonly known as Baby, her ninth and youngest child.
Munich, Adrienne. Queen Victoria’s Secrets. Columbia University Press, 1996.
xvi

Elizabeth Barrett Browning: 17 April 1857

Women writers item

17 April 1857

EBB 's father died unreconciled to his daughter, which caused her great grief.
Forster, Margaret. Elizabeth Barrett Browning: A Biography. Grafton, 1990.
321

Caroline Scott: 19 April 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Caroline Scott

19 April 1857

CS died at a little over seventy, at Petersham in Surrey.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Matilda Hays: 20 April 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Matilda Hays

20 April 1857

MH left Rome, threatening to sue Charlotte Cushman and initiating what has been seen as one of the earliest palimony suits.
Merrill, Lisa. When Romeo Was a Woman. University of Michigan Press, 1999.
185

21 April 1857: The first issue of The Englishwoman's Review...

Writing climate item

21 April 1857

The first issue of The Englishwoman's Review and Drawing Room Journal of Social Progress, Literature and Art was edited by Eleanor Duckworth in London.
Doughan, David, and Denise Sanchez. Feminist Periodicals, 1855-1984. Harvester Press, 1987.
1

24 April 1857: Thomas Hughes published his highly successful...

Writing climate item

24 April 1857

Thomas Hughes published his highly successful boys' story, Tom Brown's Schooldays, under the pseudonym An Old Boy.
Mack, Edward Clarence, and Walter Harry Green Armytage. Thomas Hughes; The Life of the Author of Tom Brown’s Schooldays. Benn, 1952.
89

Charlotte Yonge: By 25 April 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Yonge

By 25 April 1857

CY published Dynevor Terrace; or, The Clue of Life, as by the author of The Heir of Redclyffe—a designation that appeared on her title-pages for years.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1539 (1857): 522-3
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

Isabella Bird: May 1857-3 April 1858

Women writers item
Author event in Isabella Bird

May 1857-3 April 1858

IB travelled for the second time in the New World.
Kaye, Evelyn. Amazing Traveler, Isabella Bird: The Biography of a Victorian Adventurer. Blue Penguin Publications, 1994.
30
Checkland, Olive. Isabella Bird and ’A Woman’s Right to Do What She Can Do Well’. Scottish Cultural Press, 1996.
viii, 21

Matilda Hays: Spring 1857 - autumn 1862

Women writers item
Author event in Matilda Hays

Spring 1857 - autumn 1862

With Bessie Rayner Parkes , MH co-edited the English Woman's Journal, for which she also wrote on such subjects as Harriet Hosmer and Florence Nightingale .
Rendall, Jane. “A Moral Engine? Feminism, Liberalism and the English Womans JournalEqual or Different: Womens Politics 1800-1914, edited by Jane Rendall, Basil Blackwell, 1987, pp. 112-38.
116, 120
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.

Jessie White Mario: After May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Jessie White Mario

After May 1857

Jessie White (soon to be JWM ) travelled through Italy under the assumption that she was working as an Italian correspondent for the Daily News; she discovered in June that the paper had sent...

May-October 1857: The Art Treasures Exhibition was held at...

Building item

May-October 1857

The Art Treasures Exhibition was held at Manchester; it has been called the first ever blockbuster loan exhibition
Saint, Andrew. “Swiping at Suburbs”. London Review of Books, 31 Mar. 2005, pp. 30-2.
32
of a kind which later became well-known.
Saint, Andrew. “Swiping at Suburbs”. London Review of Books, 31 Mar. 2005, pp. 30-2.
32

By 2 May 1857: Irish novelist Charles Lever published The...

Writing climate item

By 2 May 1857

Irish novelist Charles Lever published The Fortunes of Glencore.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1540: 559-60
Sutherland, John, b. 1938. The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction. Stanford University Press, 1989.

2 May 1857: A grand dome designed by Panizzi was opened...

Building item

2 May 1857

A grand dome designed by Panizzi was opened in what had been the central courtyard of the British Museum .
Barwick, George. The Reading Room of the British Museum. Ernest Benn, 1929.
65, 71, 88, 102, 104-5, 136, 139
Walkowitz, Judith R. City of Dreadful Delight. University of Chicago Press, 1992.
69

Lady Colin Campbell : 3 May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Colin Campbell

3 May 1857

LCC was born Gertrude Elizabeth Blood at Brickhill in the parish of Kilfintinan, County Clare, Ireland.
“FamilySearch Internet Genealogy Service”. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Jane Welsh Carlyle: 4 May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Welsh Carlyle

4 May 1857

Lady Harriet Baring , admirer of Thomas Carlyle and thorn in the flesh of Jane Welsh Carlyle , died.
Surtees, Virginia. Jane Welsh Carlyle. Michael Russell, 1986.
233

Matthew Arnold: 5 May 1857

Writing climate item
Author event in Matthew Arnold

5 May 1857

MA was elected to the Professorship of Poetry at Oxford ; his were the first lectures delivered at the university in English, instead of Latin.
Mitchell, Sally, editor. Victorian Britain: An Encyclopedia. Garland Press, 1988.
43

Selina Bunbury: By 9 May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Selina Bunbury

By 9 May 1857

SB published Russia After the War: The Narrative of a Visit to that Country in 1856.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1541 (1857): 593-4

Elizabeth Gaskell: 9 May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Gaskell

9 May 1857

Announcement of the second edition of EG 's The Life of Charlotte Brontë produced a threat from Lady Scott 's solicitors of a libel suit unless the publishers withdrew all mention of their client and publicly apologized.
Uglow, Jennifer S. Elizabeth Gaskell: A Habit of Stories. Faber and Faber, 1993.
426-7

Harriet Martineau: After 10 May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Harriet Martineau

After 10 May 1857

HM published British Rule in India, A Historical Sketch.
Sanders, Valerie. Reason over Passion: Harriet Martineau and the Victorian Novel. Harvester Press, 1986.
214
Chapman, Maria Weston, and Harriet Martineau. “Memorials of Harriet Martineau”. Harriet Martineau’s Autobiography, James R. Osgood, 1877, pp. 2: 131 - 596.
459

10 May 1857-1858: The Indian Mutiny, a war for independence...

National or international item

10 May 1857-1858

The Indian Mutiny, a war for independence in northern India, began with the rebellion by sepoy troops in the Bengal army at Meerut, against the East India Company .
Keller, Helen, editor. The Dictionary of Dates. Macmillan, 1934, 2 vols.
I: 822-3
Mitchell, Sally, editor. Victorian Britain: An Encyclopedia. Garland Press, 1988.
390-391
Hilton, Richard. The Indian Mutiny: A Centenary History. Hollis and Carter, 1957.
99

Harriet Tytler: May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Harriet Tytler

May 1857

HT witnessed first-hand, in Delhi, the Indian Mutiny or First Indian War of Independence, an attempt to restore power to the last Mogul (or Mughal) emperor, Bahadur Shah , and unite India against the British occupiers.
Mason, Philip et al. “Editorial materials”. An Englishwoman in India, edited by Anthony Sattin, Oxford University Press, 1986, pp. xviii - xxiii; 175.
xxi

14 May 1857: Sir Thomas Erskine Perry and Richard Monckton...

National or international item

14 May 1857

Sir Thomas Erskine Perry and Richard Monckton Milnes presented a Married Women's Property Bill to the House of Commons .
Shanley, Mary Lyndon. Feminism, Marriage, and the Law in Victorian England. Princeton University Press, 1989.
45-8
Helsinger, Elizabeth K. et al. The Woman Question. Garland, 1983.
2: 14

Catherine Hubback: By 23 May 1857

Women writers item
Author event in Catherine Hubback

By 23 May 1857

CH published The Rival Suitors, A Novel.
University of Alberta Libraries On-line Catalogue. http://www.library.ualberta.ca/.
The Athenaeum Index of Reviews and Reviewers: 1830-1870. http://replay.web.archive.org/20070714065452/http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~asp/v2/home.html.
1543 (23 May 1857