Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Caroline Chisholm: By April 1847

Building item
Author event in Caroline Chisholm

By April 1847

In her effort to unite families separated by immigration, CC arranged for the passage of thirty wives (and their children) from Britain to Australia to join their husbands.
Kiddle, Margaret, and Sir Douglas Copland. Caroline Chisholm. 2nd ed., Melbourne University Press, 1957.
100

April 1847: Two of Elizabeth Fry's daughters, Katherine...

Women writers item

April 1847

Two of Elizabeth Fry 's daughters, Katherine Fry and R. E. Cresswell , completed their account of the activist's life in the two-volume Memoir of the Life of Elizabeth Fry ; with Extracts from Her Journals and Letters.
Whitney, Janet. Elizabeth Fry: Quaker Heroine. Little, Brown, 1936.
313

April 1847: Adams and Company of London patented the...

Building item

April 1847

Adams and Company of London patented the first double decker bus.
Bruno, Leonard. On the Move: A Chronology of Advances in Transportation. Gale Research, 1993.
96
Barker, Theodore Cardwell, and Michael Robbins. A History of London Transport: Passenger Travel and the Development of the Metropolis. Rev., Allen and Unwin, 1975, 2 vol.
I: 59-60

Flora Annie Steel: 2 April 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Flora Annie Steel

2 April 1847

Flora Annie Webster (later FAS ) was born at Sudbury Priory (then in Sudbury Park) near Harrow on the Hill in Middlesex, the sixth child and second daughter among eleven (or ten surviving) children.
Powell, Violet. Flora Annie Steel: Novelist of India. Heinemann, 1981.
1-2
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

6 April 1847: Covent Garden Theatre re-opened (with a performance...

Building item

6 April 1847

Covent Garden Theatre re-opened (with a performance of Rossini 's Semiramide) as The Royal Italian Opera, Covent Garden .
Booth, Michael R. Theatre in the Victorian Age. Cambridge University Press, 1991.
27
Mander, Raymond, and Joe Mitchenson. The Theatres of London. Rupert Hart-Davis, 1963.
53, 57, 283
Wyndham, Henry Saxe. The Annals of Covent Garden Theatre From 1732 to 1897. Chatto and Windus, 1906, 2 vols.
2: 184
“AbouttheHouse: History”. Royal Opera House.

Elizabeth Barrett Browning: 20 April 1847

Women writers item

20 April 1847

The BrowningsRobert Browning moved from Pisa to Florence.
Forster, Margaret. Elizabeth Barrett Browning: A Biography. Grafton, 1990.
206

Caroline Chisholm: 20 April 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Caroline Chisholm

20 April 1847

CC presented her views on immigration to the parliamentary Committee on the Execution of the Criminal Laws .
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Mary Martin: 23 April 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Martin

23 April 1847

At her father 's death, MM inherited 200,000 acres in Galway, particularly Connemara, along with heavy debts.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
under Richard Martin

Grace Aguilar: By 24 April 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Grace Aguilar

By 24 April 1847

Grace Aguilar published her most popular novel to appear in her lifetime: Home Influence: A Tale for Mothers and Daughters, which she had completed a decade earlier.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1017 (24 April 1847): 435
National Union Catalog. Roman and Littlefield, 1956.

Anne Marsh: By 24 April 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Marsh

By 24 April 1847

AM published a work of history, The Protestant Reformation in France; or, History of the Hugonots, as by the author of Father Darcy.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1017 (1847): 429
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

By 24 April 1847: Captain Frederick Marryat published Children...

Writing climate item

By 24 April 1847

Captain Frederick Marryat published Children of the New Forest, his last and most popular novel.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1017 (24 April 1847): 436
Sutherland, John, b. 1938. The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction. Stanford University Press, 1989.

Early 1847: Canterbury established the first rate-aided...

Building item

Early 1847

Canterbury established the first rate-aided library in England.
Black, Alistair. A New History of the English Public Library: Social and Political Contexts, 1850-1914. Leicester University Press, 1996.
32,33
Kelly, Thomas. A History of Public Libraries in Great Britain 1845-1975. 2nd ed., Library Association, 1977.
10

Marguerite Gardiner, Countess of Blessington: By 1 May 1847

Women writers item

By 1 May 1847

The final publication of Marguerite Blessington 's lifetime appeared: the three-volume novel Marmaduke Herbert; or, the Fatal Error. A Novel Founded on Fact.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1018 (1847): 457

Frances Power Cobbe: May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Power Cobbe

May 1847

The agnostic FPC wrote her best-known hymn, beginning For life, for health I bless Thee; it was popular later in the century in Unitarian and non-denominational hymn books.
qtd. in
Mitchell, Sally. Frances Power Cobbe: Victorian Feminist, Journalist, Reformer. University of Virginia Press, 2004.
68

Fanny Kemble: By 1 May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Fanny Kemble

By 1 May 1847

A Year of Consolation: Travels in Italy, by Mrs. Butler, late Fanny Kemble, was published by Edward Moxon .
Clinton, Catherine. Fanny Kemble’s Civil Wars. Simon and Schuster, 2000.
139
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1018 (1847): 460-2
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

Early 1847: John Mitchell founded the United Irishman,...

National or international item

Early 1847

John Mitchell founded the United Irishman, a publication advocating armed rebellion against British rule.
Adelman, Paul. Great Britain and the Irish Question 1800-1922. Hodder and Stoughton, 1996.
66-7

May 1847: David Joy designed a popular high-pressure...

Building item

May 1847

David Joy designed a popular high-pressure engine; the first one of which was called Jenny Lind after the popular singer, leading these locomotives to be known as Jennies.
Ellis, Hamilton. British Railway History: An Outline from the Accession of William IV to the Nationalisation of Railways 1830-1876. George Allen and Unwin, 1954.
266-8

4 May 1847: Jenny Lind, the Swedish Nightingale, gave...

Building item

4 May 1847

Jenny Lind , the Swedish Nightingale, gave her first London performance at Her Majesty's Theatre .
Wagenknecht, Edward. Jenny Lind. Houghton Mifflin, 1931.
10, 13, 18, 113

Eleanor Sleath: 5 May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Eleanor Sleath

5 May 1847

ES , who for nearly twenty-five years had been by her second marriage Mrs Dudley, died of liver disease at home in the vicarage at Sileby at the age of seventy-seven.
Czlapinski, Rebecca, and Eric C. Wheeler. Sleath Sleuth. New Eleanor Sleath Biography. 8 May 2011, http://sleathsleuth.wordpress.com/2011/05/08/new-eleanor-sleath-biography/.

Caroline Bowles: By 15 May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Caroline Bowles

By 15 May 1847

CB published the dramatic epic poem Robin Hood, A Fragment, by herself and her late husband, Robert Southey .
The Athenaeum Index of Reviews and Reviewers: 1830-1870. http://replay.web.archive.org/20070714065452/http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~asp/v2/home.html.
Blain, Virginia. Caroline Bowles Southey, 1786-1854. Ashgate, 1998.
121

15 May 1847: The death of Daniel O'Connell (in Genoa in...

National or international item

15 May 1847

The death of Daniel O'Connell (in Genoa in the course of a pilgrimage to Rome for his failing health) left Irish politics in disarray.
MacDonagh, Oliver. Ireland: the Union and its Aftermath. George Allen and Unwin, 1977.
56

Mary Lamb, 1764 - 1847: 20 May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Lamb, 1764 - 1847

20 May 1847

Mary Lamb died at 41 Alpha Road, St John's Wood, aged eighty-three.
Sarah Burton gives this address as number 41, while Jane Aaron in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography gives number 40.
Burton, Sarah. A Double Life: A Biography of Charles and Mary Lamb. Viking, 2003.
380
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Matilda Hays: By 22 May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Matilda Hays

By 22 May 1847

A multi-volume series titled The Works of George Sand appeared, edited by MH and translated by both her and Eliza Ashurst ; this first series of English translations of Sand 's novels ended in December...

B. M. Croker: 28 May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in B. M. Croker

28 May 1847

Bithia May Sheppard (later BMC ) was born in Ireland, the only daughter in her family and the second child.
This date comes from the index to Find a Grave (available online at ancestry.co.uk)...

Dorothy Boulger: 30 May 1847

Women writers item
Author event in Dorothy Boulger

30 May 1847

Dorothy Henrietta Havers (later DB ) was born at Thelton Hall in Norfolk.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.