Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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1837: Dr Thomas Bull, in Hints to Mothers for the...

Building item

1837

Dr Thomas Bull , in Hints to Mothers for the Management of Health, said that women must lie down during labour, in contrast to previous practice which had often involved a birth stool and squatting position.
Jalland, Patricia, and John Hooper. Women from Birth to Death: The Female Life Cycle in Britain 1830-1914. Harvester, 1986.
204

1837: Fredrika Bremer published her domestic novel...

Writing climate item

1837

Fredrika Bremer published her domestic novel Grannarne, translated into English in 1842 as Neighbours.
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.
The Athenaeum Index of Reviews and Reviewers: 1830-1870. http://replay.web.archive.org/20070714065452/http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~asp/v2/home.html.
784 (5 November 1842): 949

1837-39: Henry Hallam published An Introduction to...

Writing climate item

1837-39

Henry Hallam published An Introduction to the Literature of Europe During the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Centuries in four separate volumes.
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

1837: Philippe Ricord (1800-1889), a French doctor...

Building item

1837

Philippe Ricord (1800-1889), a French doctor born in Baltimore, established the difference between syphilis and gonorrhea.
Laqueur, Thomas. “Even Immortality”. London Review of Books, 29 July 1999, pp. 3-9.
8
Mitchell, Sally, editor. Victorian Britain: An Encyclopedia. Garland Press, 1988.
833

January 1837: The East London Democratic Association was...

National or international item

January 1837

The East London Democratic Association was founded.
Thompson, Dorothy, 1923 - 2011, editor. The Early Chartists. Macmillan, 1971.
37
Goodway, David. London Chartism, 1838-1848. Cambridge University Press, 1982.
23
Royle, Edward. Chartism. Longman, 1980.
21

Queen Victoria: By 9 January 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Queen Victoria

By 9 January 1837

Princess Alexandrina Victoria had begun reading her first novel, Sir Walter Scott 's Bride of Lammermoor; she remained an avid reader of novels throughout her life.
Longford, Elizabeth. Queen Victoria: Born to Succeed. Harper and Row, 1964.
43

Frances Burney: 19 January 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Burney

19 January 1837

FB 's last great grief was the death of her son, Alex, of influenza, thought to be caught by officiating at services in the dank and ancient Ely Chapel in London.
Hemlow, Joyce. The History of Fanny Burney. Clarendon, 1958.
481

Agnes Maule Machar: 23 January 1837

Writing climate item
Author event in Agnes Maule Machar

23 January 1837

AMM was born in Kingston, Upper Canada.
Gerson, Carole, editor. Canada’s Early Women Writers. http://cufts2.lib.sfu.ca/CRDB/BVAS/resource/5724.

Adelaide O'Keeffe: 24 January 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Adelaide O'Keeffe

24 January 1837

An appeal by AOK to the Royal Literary Fund brought her a payment of fifteen pounds: just the kind of stopgap sum which she saw as inadequate and as not conducive to serious financial planning.
Archives of the Royal Literary Fund, 1790-1918.

Augusta Webster: 30 January 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Augusta Webster

30 January 1837

Julia Augusta Davies (later AW ) was born at Poole in Dorset.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Mary Shelley: February 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Shelley

February 1837

As the author of Frankenstein, MS published her last novel, Falkner.
Shelley, Mary. “Introduction”. Lodore, edited by Lisa Vargo, Broadview, 1997, pp. 9-45.
45

Caroline Norton: February 1837-summer 1839

Women writers item
Author event in Caroline Norton

February 1837-summer 1839

While denied access to her own children by her estranged husband , CN worked to gain support for the Infant Custody Bill (which passed in 1839).
Chedzoy, Alan. A Scandalous Woman: The Story of Caroline Norton. Allison and Busby, 1995.
171, 151-2, 179

February 1837-June 1842: Charles Lever's The Confessions of Harry...

Writing climate item

February 1837-June 1842

Charles Lever 's The Confessions of Harry Lorrequer was serialised very irregularly in the Dublin University Magazine.
Sutherland, John, b. 1938. The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction. Stanford University Press, 1989.

Florence Nightingale : 7 February 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Florence Nightingale

7 February 1837

At sixteen, as FN recorded, she received her first call from God to a life of Christian service.
Nightingale, Florence. Ever Yours, Florence Nightingale. Editors Vicinus, Martha and Bea Nergaard, Harvard University Press, 1990.
17

Lady Charlotte Bury: By 25 February 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Charlotte Bury

By 25 February 1837

LCB published with Colburn , using her name for the first time, The Divorced, a silver-fork novel which professes not to be fiction.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
487 (1837): 135
Mudge, Bradford Keyes, editor. Dictionary of Literary Biography 116. Gale Research, 1992.
64

Sara Coleridge: From spring 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Sara Coleridge

From spring 1837

Because of her interest in contemporary theological debate, SC devoted her spring and summer to studying the works of John Henry Newman and of her father .
Mudge, Bradford Keyes, and Sara Coleridge. Sara Coleridge, a Victorian Daughter: Her Life and Essays. Yale University Press, 1989.
94

Sarah Stickney Ellis: March 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Sarah Stickney Ellis

March 1837

Sarah Stickney was formally admitted as a member of the Congregational Church.
Ellis, Sarah Stickney. The Home Life and Letters of Mrs. Ellis. J. Nisbet, 1893.
73-5

Anna Brownell Jameson: By 15 March 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Brownell Jameson

By 15 March 1837

Robert Jameson (ABJ 's husband ) was appointed Vice-Chancellor of Upper Canada.
Thomas, Clara. Love and Work Enough: The Life of Anna Jameson. University of Toronto Press, 1967.
113

Marguerite Gardiner, Countess of Blessington: By 1 April 1837

Women writers item

By 1 April 1837

Marguerite Countess of Blessington , hard-pressed by financial need, published another silver-fork novel, The Victims of Society.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
494 (1837): 260
Copeland, Edward. The Silver Fork Novel. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
179

Catherine Gore : By 1 April 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Catherine Gore

By 1 April 1837

CG anonymously published with Colburn another highly successful novel, Memoirs of a Peeress; or, The Days of Fox.
Some sources follow not the title-page but the opening page and the running head of the...

April 1837: Sergeant Talfourd, a Member of Parliament...

National or international item

April 1837

Sergeant Talfourd , a Member of Parliament and a friend of Caroline Norton , introduced an Infant Custody Bill.
Huddleston, Joan, and Caroline Norton. “Introduction”. Caroline Norton’s Defense, Academy Chicago, 1982, p. I - XIII.
ix

April 1837: A cotton-spinners' strike took place in Glasgow....

Building item

April 1837

A cotton-spinners' strike took place in Glasgow. This was during a run of lean years in Scotland, with famine in the Highlands.
Thompson, Dorothy, 1923 - 2011, editor. The Early Chartists. Macmillan, 1971.
38
Richards, Eric. Debating the Highland Clearances. Edinburgh University Press, 2007.
221

Algernon Charles Swinburne: 5 April 1837

Writing climate item

5 April 1837

Poet ACS was born at 17 Chester Street, Belgravia, London.
“Dictionary of Literary Biography online”. Gale Databases: Literature Resource Center-LRC.
35

Isabella Banks: 12 April 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Isabella Banks

12 April 1837

At the age of sixteen, Isabella Varley (the later IB ) published her first poem, A Dying Girl to Her Mother, in the Manchester Guardian.
Shattock, Joanne. The Oxford Guide to British Women Writers. Oxford University Press, 1993.
Burney, Edward Lester. Mrs. G. Linnaeus Banks. E. J. Morten, 1969.
128

Fanny Kemble: By 15 April 1837

Women writers item
Author event in Fanny Kemble

By 15 April 1837

FK , under the name Mrs. Butler, late Miss Kemble, published her stage play The Star of Seville: A Drama in Five Acts.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
494 (1837): 258