King Charles I

Standard Name: Charles I, King
Used Form: King Charles the First

Connections

Connections Author name Excerpt
Residence Margaret Cavendish
The queen had left Oxford, pregnant, in April, attended on her first day's journey by her husband (whom she was never to see again) and her sons Charles and James. At Exeter she gave...
Literary Setting Charlotte Charke
The Mercer is the tale of William Dennis in the reign of Charles I , who marries money and becomes a silk mercer in London's Cheapside, but who then ruins his own wealth and...
Textual Features Katherine Chidley
Against a background of Charles I 's continuing war against Scotland (despite the signing of the Solemn League and Covenant in September 1643) in the attempt to impose Episcopacy in place of Presbyterianism, KC argues...
Literary Setting Caryl Churchill
The play takes place in the period immediately following Charles I 's defeat by Cromwell , when for a short time . . . anything seemed possible.
Churchill, Caryl. Light Shining in Buckinghamshire. Pluto Press.
prelims
Critics have recognised Churchill's debt to Christopher Hill
Family and Intimate relationships Lady Anne Clifford
LAC married her second husband, Lady Pembroke 's second son, Philip Herbert, Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery , Lord Chamberlain to Charles I .
Spence, Richard T. Lady Anne Clifford, Countess of Dorset, Pembroke and Montgomery. Sutton Publishing.
91, 93-4
Literary Setting Cassandra Cooke
The novel opens [t]owards the end of Oliver Cromwell 's usurpation,
Cooke, Cassandra. Battleridge. C. Cawthorn.
1: 1
among the Vesey family of Battleridge Castle (in the north of England, near one of the castles owned by Lady Anne Clifford
Theme or Topic Treated in Text Maria De Fleury
Her poem is Miltonic in style, with frequent echoes of Paradise Lost, although written in couplets. Accepting a designation applied to her by ideological enemies, MDF opens by comparing herself to the biblical Deborah...
Cultural formation Elizabeth Delaval
ED possessed an impressive royalist pedigree, Scottish on her father's side, English on her mother's She was born into the nobility, during the final stages of the English Civil War which temporarily deprived this group...
Family and Intimate relationships Elizabeth Delaval
Her mother, Lady Livingston (born Lady Catherine Howard , eldest among the large family of the second Earl of Suffolk), had made a clandestine marriage with George Stuart, Seigneur D'Aubigny , who was killed in...
politics Sarah Dixon
SD poem's On the 30th of January (the day kept annually sacred to the martyred Charles I ) declares her allegiance to royalist and high-church principles. She portrays Charles as a martyr and a Christian hero.
Kennedy, Deborah. Poetic Sisters. Early Eighteenth-Century Women Poets. Bucknell University Press.
143-4
Textual Features Anne Docwra
In her effort to enlighten those whose job it was to apply legal sanctions against Dissenters in Cambridge, AD calls, in effect, for reform of local government. She appeals to history (the Civil War, still...
Family and Intimate relationships Dorothy Sidney, Countess of Sunderland
DSCS 's father, Sir Robert Sidney, later second Earl of Leicester , was born on 1 December 1595,
Ady, Julia Cartwright. Sacharissa. Seeley.
10
and became the Earl of Leicester on his father's death in 1626.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Blencowe, Robert, editor. Sydney Papers. J. Murray.
xv
During his...
Family and Intimate relationships Dorothy Sidney, Countess of Sunderland
During the English Civil War, DSCS had close relatives on both sides of the conflict. Her husband supported the royalist cause, fought, and ultimately died for it. He also gave Charles I a loan...
Textual Production Dorothy Sidney, Countess of Sunderland
DSCS wrote another significant letter to her father in the aftermath of her husband 's death in battle in 1643. In this letter, she asks him to petition the king to award her father guardianship...
Reception Lady Eleanor Douglas
LED 's Amsterdam publications (one of which was believed to threaten the king 's life) were publicly burned.
Cope, Esther S. Handmaid of the Holy Spirit: Dame Eleanor Davies, Never Soe Mad a Ladie. University of Michigan Press.
64-6

Timeline

18 December 1640: William Laud, Charles I's unpopular High...

National or international item

18 December 1640

William Laud , Charles I 's unpopular High Church Archbishop of Canterbury, was arrested and charged with high treason. He was sent to the Tower of London in spring 1641.

12 May 1641: Charles I's favourite, the Earl of Strafford,...

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12 May 1641

Charles I 's favourite, the Earl of Strafford , was executed on Tower Hill, London.

23 October 1641: Many Protestants (but perhaps not so many...

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23 October 1641

Many Protestants (but perhaps not so many as reported) were killed in a Rebellion or massacre in Ulster.

22 November 1641: Late at night John Pym's demand, the Grand...

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22 November 1641

Late at night John Pym 's demand, the Grand Remonstrance, passed through Parliament .

4 January 1642: Charles I entered the House of Commons with...

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4 January 1642

Charles I entered the House of Commons with the intention of arresting the five men he regarded as opposition ringleaders, including Pym and Hampden ; the result was a public-relations defeat for the monarchy.

23 February 1642: Queen Henrietta Maria parted from her husband,...

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23 February 1642

Queen Henrietta Maria parted from her husband, Charles I , and sailed from England to Holland, probably because her unpopularity was one of the problems he faced at home.

20 August 1642: Charles I raised his standard at Nottingham...

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20 August 1642

Charles I raised his standard at Nottingham with the intention of reducing his rebellious people to subjection: thus began the English Civil War.

November 1642: After winning the first battle of Edgehill,...

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November 1642

After winning the first battle of Edgehill, Charles I 's forces marched on London, but instead of attacking the city's strong and still increasing fortifications they then retreated to Oxford.

30 March 1643: An altarpiece by Rubens in Henrietta Maria's...

Building item

30 March 1643

An altarpiece by Rubens in Henrietta Maria 's Roman Catholic chapel in Somerset House, London (his only depiction of Christ on the cross), was destroyed by iconoclasts.

10 January 1645: William Laud, Charles I's unpopular High...

National or international item

10 January 1645

William Laud , Charles I 's unpopular High Church Archbishop of Canterbury, impeached the previous autumn, was executed.

14 June 1645: Cromwell's New Model Army scored its first...

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14 June 1645

Cromwell 's New Model Army scored its first signal victory, at the battle of Naseby in Northamptonshire. This defeat for Charles I was a step towards his surrender in May 1646 and the end...

From Summer 1645: Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army gradually...

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From Summer 1645

Oliver Cromwell 's New Model Army gradually prevailed against Charles I .

5 May 1646: King Charles I surrendered to the Scots Covenanters,...

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5 May 1646

King Charles I surrendered to the Scots Covenanters , with whom he had been at war for seven years.

27 May 1647: Parliament ordered the New Model Army to...

Writing climate item

27 May 1647

Parliament ordered the New Model Army to disband: a tactical error which merely intensified the army's politicization.

3 June 1647: Charles I passed into the custody of Cromwell's...

National or international item

3 June 1647

Charles I passed into the custody of Cromwell 's New Model Army at Holmby in Northamptonshire.

Texts

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