Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
1187 results Occupation
H. G. Wells
Bertie was apprenticed to a draper at thirteen, because there was no money for him to continue his brilliant school career. Other false starts followed, before he persuaded his mother to sink her life's savings in buying him out of an apprenticeship and allow him to become a pupil teacher. He worked as a teacher for some years before becoming a freelance journalist, and eventually a man of letters.
Helena Wells
gives a hair-raising account of her first interview for a school-teaching job (which she turned down). At past thirty she started a school with her sister in London. By 1798 she had given it up and was seeking a job as a family governess. She was indignant that a governess should be expected to eat at the steward's table, and noted that a male tutor would be treated with more respect. A decade later she did some research in Yorkshire for a suitable building in which to start a Protestant nunnery.
Sarah Waters
began writing fiction as she waited, after completing her PhD degree, to hear whether or not she had got a grant which would have enabled her to continue in the academic profession. Since then she has held academic jobs, as a lecturer with the
and a tutor on creative writing courses, and has also worked, before the success of her novels, in a bookshop and as a public library assistant. By 2017 she had made cameo appearances in all but one of her four novels adapted for tv.
Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick
As a widow Mary Rich was responsible for a good deal of family business: arranging marriages for three nieces of her husband, and administering his will. She was admired throughout her neighbourhood for charity and benevolence.
Jane Warton
found herself a governess position after her father's death. On 24 January 1750
reported that she had a new post with a
at Hampton Court, where he looked forward to visiting her. During her illness at the end of this year,
was already looking for a new position for her, and in less than a year she took up a job with the family of
. Then in1753 she went to work for the family of
. The two little Thoyt girls, born in 1747 and 1749, in due course became the Two Young Married Ladies to whom
addressed her conduct book.
Elizabeth Warren
seems to have been a teacher: she refers to her education of youth as well as to her ordinary businesse in governing my family (which would mean her household: servants as well as relations).
Anna Letitia Waring
For many years
visited the prisoners in the
at Horfield, near Bristol, and worked with the
. She compared her charity work to watching by a filthy gutter to pick out a jewel here and there, as the foul stream flows by. Although this sounds as if the majority of prisoners constituted the filth, she also said that she felt the soul of a man, however stained and degraded . . . could be restored to its proper beauty and worth.
Horace Walpole
Gothic Architecture
Ann Wall
Before she was fifteen, Ann had been set up in business with her sister (a business which apparently did not flourish) and had earned some money (it would not be much) doing plain work sewing. After the brothel experience she began sewing shirts, as an assistant to a chamber-milliner. Her ability to make any kind of living seems throughout her story to depend on finding patronage from relatives or connections.
Priscilla Wakefield
Financial Philanthropy
Joan Vokins
Not long after her conversion
became a Quaker minister and missionary. She and her sister
became local leaders of the movement, strong supporters of the women's meetings which in the later 1670s came under attack as the
moved away from its former radicalism.
Marie-Catherine de Villedieu
Here she seems very quickly to have set herself on the path to unusual independence. She began writing and publishing the kind of socially-based verse and prose which was the delight of fashionable Paris.
Margaret Veley
taught Sunday-school and was successful with her pupils, but gave up teaching after the arrival of a new clergyman whose views differed significantly from her own.
Sophie Veitch
Nor is anything known of her early life abroad except that her
's position in Jerusalem led to the publication of
's first book, Views in Central Abyssinia, apparently through Bishop
.
Sarah Tytler
Along with three of her sisters, Henrietta Keddie (later
) founded a school in Cupar, the Scottish town of their birth, where they instructed the daughters of local professionals and farmers.
Margaret Tyler
The Howards
Joanna Trollope
worked for the
for two years from 1965. Her work there concerned China's relations with African and other Third World countries. She then became a teacher. She has taught English literature to children from the age of ten to Advanced Level (sixteen to eighteen) and to adults, besides English as a second language. She enjoyed her subject and her students, but not educational institutions. She began writing as a sideline while teaching.
Iris Tree
played the part of the nun for
's American tour of his play The Miracle.
Rebecca Travers
's visible ministry in London belongs to the years 1659-61. Her co-religionists trusted her to persuade
to submit the manuscript of a proposed publication to their committee according to their regulations. She preached and served as a minister and prison visitor for the
(and was imprisoned herself for speaking up for those already in prison), helped to oversee the Society's publication of texts, dispensed charity, and entertained visitors from outside London.
Charlotte Elizabeth Tonna
She became increasingly committed to good works, like teaching deaf children and working for reform of factory working conditions.
Elizabeth Sophia Tomlins
According to the Gentleman's Magazine,
had to set aside her own interests to serve as governess to the innumerable younger children in the family. The same article asserted that for the last seven years of her father's life (that is from 1798) she actually superintended his legal work. This seems to imply that she directed an office of legal clerks.
Elizabeth Tollet
Book-Collecting
Elizabeth Tipper
After this period
's prospects improved, to include employment, social life, and Honourable Friendship, but then another dark cloud intervened. At the time of publication she was working hard, since she spent the week looking forward to the heavenly rest of Sunday. Her status was difficult to categorise, since on alternate days she was a mistress (teaching ladies elegant Writing and Accounts) and a servant (keeping the accounts of a shop). Another of her jobs during the 1690s was working for
as one of his stable of regular periodical contributors (many of whom were women, including
).
Annie Tinsley
She spent the last three years before her marriage living, presumably as a paid companion, with
, widow of
who had been a judge in India. Lady Chambers took Annie on although her elder sister had been employed in the same way, and had eloped.
Alice Thornton
led an active life in her youth. She was a good rider, who swam a mare across the river at Middleham (ten miles from Richmond in Yorkshire). She also practised medicine informally.