In March 1908, FTJ
edited a school magazine called The Paper Chase, which lasted for only two issues. She thought that the drawings [were] very fine,
qtd. in
Colenbrander, Joanna. A Portrait of Fryn. A. Deutsch, 1984.
47
but that the writing was not so good. Elizabeth Forbes introduced the first issue, describing the editor as the Pathfinder, the Enthusiast, and the crack-brained March Hare.
qtd. in
Colenbrander, Joanna. A Portrait of Fryn. A. Deutsch, 1984.
MJJ
managed her father's household and cared for her five younger siblings for thirteen years. Her household responsibilities prevented her from reading or writing during the day, so she was forced to pursue her literary aspirations at night.
Howe, Susanne. Geraldine Jewsbury: Her Life and Errors. George Allen and Unwin, 1935.
6
Writing to her friend Felicia Hemans
, she described the challenges of her early adulthood: my life after eighteen became so painful, laboriously domestic, that it was an absolute duty to crush intellectual tastes.
qtd. in
Leighton, Angela, and Margaret Reynolds, editors. Victorian Women Poets: An Anthology. Blackwell, 1995.
By mid-1734, EJ
, in debt because of her divorced husband
's failure to pay her maintenance, took a job as governess to the three daughters of Hill Evans
, a British merchant who lived and traded in St Petersburg. She negotiated her salary up from fourteen to twenty pounds a year,
O’Loughlin, Katrina. “’Having lived much in the world’: inhabitation, embodiment and English women travellers’ representations of Russia in the eighteenth century”. Women’s Writing, Vol.
8
, No. 3, 2001, pp. 419-39.
n17
and she represents herself as having been a great success as a governess. Among the texts she used with the children were hymns for morning and evening by Bishop Thomas Ken
.
Justice, Elizabeth. A Voyage to Russia. 2nd ed., G. Smith, 1746.
preface
Justice, Elizabeth. Amelia; or, The Distress’d Wife. 1751.
Nevertheless she was constantly painting, pursuing her ambition to be an artist.
Kazantzis, Judith. “The Errant Unicorn”. On Gender and Writing, edited by Michelene Wandor, Pandora Press, 1983, pp. 24-30.
26
She also worked for the Labour Party
. During the 1970s she worked as a home tutor for the Inner London Education Authority
or ILEA and began her career as a journalist (initially as a reviewer for the Evening Standard). For two years at the end of this decade she was a committee member and panelist for South-East Arts
. She sits (with her sister Antonia, her daughter, and other relations) as a patron of the Frank Longford Charitable Trust
From the time she was eight years old, MTK
worked as an actress, helping to supplement the family's income after her father's death in 1787. She played numerous minor parts as a child, landed more prominent roles after the age of twelve, and eventually became a celebrated actress, earning a comfortable living from her profession.
Highfill, Philip H. et al. A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1973–1993.
As a music student FK
had served as page-turner to some famous pianists performing at the Crystal Palace. After abandoning her concert performance ambitions she continued to play the organ for temperance or co-operative musical festivals (started at the Crystal Palace by Edward Owen Greening
), and sometimes arranged music for choirs. She became a music teacher at the Chapel Royal in St James's Palace. She also launched a career in journalism, both as writer and editor, working for James Bowden
of Ward, Lock and Bowden
on several different magazines, as well as for the Bible Society
and the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society
. Her most famous editorship was that of the Girl's Own Paper, from 1908. Although she had been warned off music on grounds of a weak heart, she did well in journalism,
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Lazell, David. Flora Klickmann and her Flower Patch. Flower Patch Magazine, 1976.
16-19
which as she wrote herself makes a very great demand on physical health, what with irregular food, irregular sleep, and long-distance travelling.
qtd. in
Lazell, David. Flora Klickmann and her Flower Patch. Flower Patch Magazine, 1976.
LCL
was an amateur artist of real ability. One of her emblematic designs was engraved as a frontispiece to A Christian Wreath for the Pagan Deities, 1820, a pedagogic work on Greek and Roman mythology by her former teacher Frances Arabella Rowden
.
Stuart Bennett Rare Books & Manuscripts: A Catalogue of Books By, For, and About Women of the British Isles, 1696-1892. Stuart Bennett Rare Books & Manuscripts, Feb. 2007.
A sketchbook belonging to Lady Julia Conyers
including work by LCL
sold in the Peyraud
auction in 2009 for US $56,120. Lamb's contributions include a portrait of her husband and more disturbing images: a recumbent woman being stabbed through the heart by a Cupid and a skeleton acting together, another woman on a rocky coast, clasping two children while a third drowns and supernatural figures gaze malevolently down.
Mulvihill, Maureen E. “Literary Property Changing Hands: The Peyraud Auction (New York City, 6 May 2009)”. Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
43
, No. 1, 2009, pp. 151-63.
152-3, 154, 157
McKay, Ian. “news archive. Objects in Focus. Was this why Byron was mad, bad and dangerous to know?”. Antiques Trade Gazette. The Art Market Weekly, 17 Oct. 2009.
Her biographer Susanne Woods
suggests that AL
may have been employed to teach music to the countess's daughter, the future diarist Lady Anne Clifford
.
Woods, Susanne. Lanyer: A Renaissance Woman Poet. Oxford University Press, 1999.
PL
became urban district librarian for the town of Wellington in Shropshire, having graduated BA, failed the entrance exam for the Civil Service
, and been ordered by the Ministry of Defence
to take up some kind of war work.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Having worked on, and written for, university publications as a student, Peggy Wemyss found employment on graduating, first with the Westerner (a Communist paper of whose politics she remained unaware), then for the new Winnipeg Citizen, Canada's only co-operative daily. She wrote reviews, labour news, and a radio column.
Stovel, Nora Foster. Divining Margaret Laurence. A Study of Her Complete Writings. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2008.
WL
then worked as a tutor in the Gibbon family, finding a mediocre pupil in Edward (who grew up to be the father of the historian Edward Gibbon
) but a bright and rewarding pupil in Edward's sister Hester
(whom he was not paid to teach).
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
When in 1946 RL
's brother John
set up his own publishing firm, John Lehmann Limited
, she became a shareholder and director, and also reader and consultant, until the company collapsed in late 1952.
Hastings, Selina. Rosamond Lehmann. Chatto and Windus, 2002.
At eighteen, Doris moved to Salisbury (now Harare). There she worked in a variety of jobs: as, for instance, a nursemaid, a telephone operator, and a clerical worker.
Rowe, Margaret Moan. Doris Lessing. Macmillan, 1994.
10-11
Fishburn, Katherine. Doris Lessing: Life, Work, and Criticism. York Press, 1987, .
9
Rich, Motoko, and Sarah Lyall. “Doris Lessing Wins Nobel Prize in Literature”. The New York Times, 11 Oct. 2007.
DL
did war work as a nurse in various London hospitals.
Duncan, Robert, and Denise Levertov. The Letters of Robert Duncan and Denise Levertov. Editors Bertholf, Robert J. and Albert Gelpi, Stanford University Press, 2004.
During her early, drifting years AL
worked designing woven textiles, but realised in about ten minutes that designing was not for her.
Levy, Andrea. “Back to my Own Country”. British Library Windrush Stories, 2018.
She worked as an assistant buyer for various shops, then worked in the wardrobe department of the BBC
and then the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden
. She was then a receptionist at a family-planning clinic. She began writing during her City Lit
course, devoting to it one day a week.
Hickman, Christie. “Andrea Levy: Under the skin of history”. The Independent, 6 Feb. 2004.
Levy, Andrea. “Back to my Own Country”. British Library Windrush Stories, 2018.
On leaving school DL
went to work as an usherette at the Gate Cinema in Notting Hill, a bohemian hub where [a]ll the staff were literature graduates, or going off to art or drama school. It was Derek Jarman
who recommended her to enroll at Dartington College of Arts
.
Crown, Sarah. “Deborah Levy: Space Oddity seemed to be about leaving the land I was born in. Being unable to return. It can still make me cry”. theguardian.com, 19 Mar. 2016.
While she was studying there by day she worked by night as a performer.