Jullian, Philippe, John Nova Phillips, Violet Trefusis, and Vita Sackville-West. Violet Trefusis: Life and Letters. Hamish Hamilton, 1976.
93, 96
Benito Mussolini
Standard Name: Mussolini, Benito
Connections
| Connections Sort descending | Author name | Excerpt |
|---|---|---|
| Cultural formation | Denise Levertov | Her parents belonged to the educated, professional middle class, and were practising Christians within the Church of England
, where (even to a teenager beginning to experience doubts) the services were beautiful with candlelight and... |
| Friends, Associates | Rosita Forbes | RF
's earliest travelling companion, Armorel Meinertzhagen
, became her good friend. Forbes made personal contacts easily, and exacted help on the road from all sorts of highly unlikely individuals, one of them Benito Mussolini |
| Friends, Associates | Naomi Jacob | NJ
wrote a letter of appreciation to Radclyffe Hall
after The Well of Loneliness appeared in 1928. In January the following year she met Hall and Una Troubridge
when the former lectured in Southend (though... |
| Friends, Associates | Violet Trefusis | VT
had a one-off audience with Mussolini
in Rome. Trefusis, Violet, and Philippe Jullian. Don’t Look Round. Hutchinson, 1953. 121 |
| Literary Setting | Gladys Henrietta Schütze | The Sam Mogford of this book is encountered in the opening chapter in a boarding-house in Italy (Mussolini
's Italy), seen as a typical Englishman through the eyes of Carlo, an Italian Anglophile. Carlo... |
| Occupation | Una Marson | UM
was one of a very large crowd that gathered at Waterloo Station to greet the Emperor Haile Selassie
on his arrival in London as an exile shortly after his surrender to Mussolini
's Italian troops. Jarrett-Macauley, Delia. The Life of Una Marson, 1905-65. Manchester University Press, 1998. 101 |
| politics | Bryher | Closely following global events from the rise of Mussolini
through the politics of Appeasement, and juxtaposing such movements against her historical knowledge, Bryher saw World War II both as infuriatingly predictable and as avoidable. Bryher,. The Heart to Artemis: A Writer’s Memoirs. Collins, 1963. 230-1, 276-7 |
| politics | Emmuska, Baroness Orczy | |
| politics | George Egerton | As momentum began building towards World War Two she seems to have felt that her convictions about humanity's obsession with power and war had been verified. Humanity never really changes and would revert to savagery... |
| politics | Sylvia Pankhurst | |
| politics | Ezra Pound | EP
, who had become a supporter of Mussolini
's Fascist state, began making regular radio broadcasts on Rome Radio to America which were both antisemitic and condemnatory of President Roosevelt
. Nadel, Ira Bruce, editor. “Chronology; Introduction”. The Cambridge Companion to Ezra Pound, Cambridge University Press, 1999, pp. xvii - xxxi; 1. xxv “Contemporary Authors”. Gale Databases: Literature Resource Centre-LRC. |
| politics | Eleanor Rathbone | As the political climate moved increasingly towards war, ER
advocated League of Nations
sanctions against Mussolini
's Italy (with the threat of force), as well as a closer relationship between Britain and the USSR in... |
| politics | Naomi Jacob | She later entered municipal politics in the London borough of Marylebone, making an impassioned speech in support of the Socialist candidate. After that she was adopted as candidate for several elections herself, but was... |
| politics | Naomi Jacob | |
| politics | Violet Trefusis | VT
associated herself with women deeply involved in wartime activities, and specifically (despite her pre-war visit to Mussolini
) with anti-Nazi events. For instance, her former house-guest Hélène Terré
worked for the Red Cross
in... |
Timeline
24 April 1919
The Italian delegates to the Paris Peace Conference, Vittorio Orlando
and Sidney Sonnino
, walked out in protest at the allocation of the city of Fiume to Yugoslavia.
28-30 October 1922
Mussolini
, leader of Italy's Fascists
, stayed in the background during his party's so-called March on Rome, then arrived in Rome to speak with the king, Victor Emmanuel III
.
1927
Josephine Ward
published a fiction about the early twentieth-century Italian dictator: The Shadow of Mussolini.
January 1932
Oswald Mosley
, leader of the recent, short-lived British New Party
, made a visit to Mussolini
in Italy.
Mid-February 1934
Martial law was declared in Vienna following Nazi terrorist incidents, a demonstration of peasants in support of the coalition government of Engelbert Dollfuss
, and the taking up of arms by Socialists.
From 5 December 1934
Italy (under Mussolini
) sent troops to Africa, where sporadic fighting heralded its colonial invasion of Ethiopia.
3 October 1935-9 May 1936
Italy (ruled by Benito Mussolini
) invaded Abyssinia (present-day Ethiopia).
3 October 1935-9 May 1936
Italy (ruled by Benito Mussolini
) invaded Abyssinia (present-day Ethiopia).
18 December 1935
The Hoare-Laval Pact (appeasement of recent territorial aggression by Mussolini
's Italy) was sealed. It enraged Britons to such an extent that Samuel Hoare
was compelled to retire from politics.
Early May 1936
The Italo-Abyssinian War ended with Mussolini
's proclamation of Italy's annexation of Abyssinia (today called Ethiopia).
7 April 1939
Italy under Mussolini
further pursued its expansionist policy by invading Albania.
10 June 1940
Mussolini
's Italy declared war on the allied powers (though Italy had been Britain's ally in the First World War).
25 July 1943
The Italian Fascist Grand Council imprisoned Benito Mussolini
.
9 September 1943
Following the fall of Benito Mussolini
, Allied troops landed at Salerno in Italy.