Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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By October 1790: Joseph La Valée's novel The Negro Equalled...

Building item

By October 1790

Joseph La Valée 's novel The Negro Equalled by Few Europeans, written in French, appeared in English translation at London.
Conger, Syndy McMillen. “Review”. Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
30
, No. 4, 1 June 1997–2026, pp. 454-5.
456
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
69: 324-8; 70: 454

Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire: November 1790

Women writers item

November 1790

Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire , made a confession to her husband of debts to the value of almost £62,000; there were significant items missing from the list.
Foreman, Amanda. Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire. HarperCollins, 1998.
253

Mary Stockdale: By November 1790

Writing climate item
Author event in Mary Stockdale

By November 1790

MS 's father, John Stockdale , having been acquitted for publishing a libel (attacking the House of Commons over Warren Hastings ), himself printed The Whole Proceedings on the Trial . . . against John Stockdale.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
70 (1790): 582

1 November 1790: Edmund Burke published his Reflections on...

Writing climate item

1 November 1790

Edmund Burke published his Reflections on the Revolution in France and on the Proceedings in certain Societies in London relative to that event.
Tomalin, Claire. The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecraft. Revised, Penguin, 1992.
122-3
Walpole, Horace. The Letters of Horace Walpole. Editor Toynbee, Mrs Paget, Clarendon, 1903–1925, 16 vols.
14: 306

Mary Wollstonecraft: November 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Wollstonecraft

November 1790

Joseph Johnson brought out, anonymously, MW 's A Vindication of the Rights of Men, the first published answer to Burke 's Reflections on the Revolution in France.
Kelly, Gary. Revolutionary Feminism: The Mind and Career of Mary Wollstonecraft. Macmillan, 1992.
84
Wollstonecraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. Editor Poston, Carol H., 2nd edition, Norton, 1988.
358

4 November 1790: Members of the London Revolution Society...

National or international item

4 November 1790

Members of the London Revolution Society and of the local Jacobin Society attended a joint festival at Nantes in Brittany, commemorating English and French revolutionary dates (1688 and 1788).
Goodwin, Albert. The Friends of Liberty: The English Democratic Movement in the Age of the French Revolution. Hutchinson, 1979.
127

Elizabeth Cobbold: 16 November 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Cobbold

16 November 1790

Elizabeth Knipe (later EC ) was married at Liverpool to her first husband, William Clarke of Ipswich.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.

Helen Maria Williams: Mid November 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Helen Maria Williams

Mid November 1790

HMW published her Letters Written in France, in the Summer 1790, to a Friend in England, a popular travel book marked by strong political analysis.
Kennedy, Deborah. Helen Maria Williams and the Age of Revolution. Bucknell University Press, 2002.
75 and n83
Michael-Johnston, Georgina. Helen Maria Williams: Liberty, Sensibility, and Education. University of Alberta, 1998.
182

27 November 1790: The French Assembly required public officials,...

National or international item

27 November 1790

The French Assembly required public officials, including the clergy, to swear a loyalty oath to the Civil Constitution.
Kafker, Frank A., and James M. Laux, editors. The French Revolution: Conflicting Interpretations. 4th ed., R. E. Krieger, 1989.
xi
Soboul, Albert. The French Revolution 1787-1799. Translators Forrest, Alan and Colin Jones, Vintage, 1975.
21
Lefebvre, Georges. The French Revolution. Routledge and K. Paul, 1962.
169
Waldron, Mary. Lactilla, Milkwoman of Clifton: The Life and Writings of Ann Yearsley, 1753-1806. University of Georgia Press, 1996.
201-2

29 November 1790: Edmond Malone, who in 1778 had published...

Writing climate item

29 November 1790

Edmond Malone , who in 1778 had published the first serious attempt at a date order for Shakespeare's plays, followed that with his immensely learned edition of Shakespeare , which set the standards for later scholarship.
Martin, Peter. Edmond Malone, Shakespearean scholar. Cambridge University Press, 1995.
133

Catharine Macaulay: Late 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Catharine Macaulay

Late 1790

CM published another pamphlet answer to a former antagonist: Observations on the Reflections of the Right Hon. Edmund Burke , on the Revolution in France.
Hill, Bridget. “Daughter and Mother: Some new light on Catharine Macaulay and her family”. Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
22
, No. 1, 1 Mar.–31 May 1999, pp. 35-49.
45
Hill, Bridget. The Republican Virago: The Life and Times of Catharine Macaulay, Historian. Clarendon Press, 1992.
223

Elizabeth Moody: Late 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Moody

Late 1790

EM sent the Monthly editor, Ralph Griffiths , a satirical ballad, The Distemper'd Muse, A Poem Address'd to F[ulke] G[reville] Esq., after Greville had vilified the magazine in print.
Rizzo, Betty. “’Downing Everybody’: Johnson and the Grevilles”. The Age of Johnson, edited by Paul J. Korshin and Jack Lynch, Vol.
12
, AMS Press, 2001, pp. 17-46.
34-5

Sarah Wentworth Morton: December 1790

Writing climate item
Author event in Sarah Wentworth Morton

December 1790

SWM 's first major poem, the narrative Ouâbi; or, The Virtues of Nature. An Indian Tale in four cantos, was published in Boston, Massachusetts, as by Philenia, a Lady of Boston.
Pendleton, Emily, and Milton Ellis. Philenia. University of Maine Press, 1931.
44, 113

Lady Charlotte Bury: 20 December 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Charlotte Bury

20 December 1790

The Duchess of Argyll , LCB 's mother, died while Charlotte was only fifteen.
Gentleman’s Magazine. Various publishers.
(1790) 1154

Anna Eliza Bray: 25 December 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Eliza Bray

25 December 1790

Anna Eliza Kempe, later known as AEB , was born at six in the morning on Christmas Day in Newington, Surrey.
Todd, Janet, editor. Dictionary of British Women Writers. Routledge, 1989.
Bray, Anna Eliza. Autobiography of Anna Eliza Bray. Editor Kempe, John A., Chapman and Hall, 1884.
76-7

Ann Yearsley: By 25 December 1790

Women writers item
Author event in Ann Yearsley

By 25 December 1790

AY published a private protest: Stanzas of Woe, addressed from the heart on a bed of illness, to Levi Eames , Esq., late mayor of the city of Bristol.
Waldron, Mary. Lactilla, Milkwoman of Clifton: The Life and Writings of Ann Yearsley, 1753-1806. University of Georgia Press, 1996.
174

Late 1790: William Holland published a print of Burke...

National or international item

Late 1790

William Holland published a print of Burke running the gauntlet of enemies with whips: women as well as men.
Guest, Harriet. Small Change: Women, Learning, Patriotism, 1750-1810. University of Chicago Press, 2000.
224-5

Henrietta Battier: 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Henrietta Battier

1791

HB 's The Protected Fugitives. A Collection of Miscellaneous Poems, the Genuine Productions of a Lady, was finally, anonymously published at Dublin.
Battier, Henrietta. The Protected Fugitives. James Porter, 1791, http://Bodleian: 280 i 105.
title-page

Henrietta Battier: 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Henrietta Battier

1791

HB issued two instalments (she promised another, which seems not have appeared) of The Kirwanade, or Poetical Epistle, a political lampoon; the second edition or re-issue called her Patt. Pindar.
Battier, Henrietta. The Kirwanade. Printed for the author, 1791, 2 pt.
title-page

Charlotte Brooke: Early 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Brooke

Early 1791

CB published anonymously (as a Lady) a pious volume entitled The School for Christians, in Dialogues, for the use of Children.
Crossley-Seymour, Aaron, and Charlotte Brooke. “A Memoir of Miss Brooke”. Reliques of Irish Poetry, J. Christie, 1816, p. 1: iii - cxxviii.
lv
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.
Brooke, Charlotte. “Introduction”. Charlotte Brooke’s Reliques of Irish Poetry, edited by Lesa Ni Mhunghaile, Irish Manuscripts Commission, 2009, p. xxv - xliv.
xxvi

Elizabeth Cobbold: 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Cobbold

1791

EC published by subscription at Liverpool, as Eliza Clarke, a medieval novel entitled The Sword; or, Father Bertrand's History of his Own Times, from the Original Manuscript.
qtd. in
Cobbold, Elizabeth. The Sword. A. Smith, 1791, 2 vols.

Harriet Corp: By 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Harriet Corp

By 1791

HC and her sister were jointly running a school at Stoke Newington, London.
Archives of the Royal Literary Fund, 1790-1918.

Maria De Fleury: 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Maria De Fleury

1791

MDF published with her name Divine Poems and Essays on Various Subjects.
De Fleury, Maria. Divine Poems and Essays on Various Subjects. T. Wilkins, 1791.
title-page

Maria De Fleury: Early 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Maria De Fleury

Early 1791

MDF published, with her name, a work of theological controversy, Antinomianism Unmasked and Refuted.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
2nd ser. 1 (1791): 346

Jane West: 1791

Women writers item
Author event in Jane West

1791

JW published at YorkMiscellaneous Poems and a Tragedy; the five-act verse tragedy was entitled Edmund, surnamed Ironside.
The Miscellaneous Poems, Translations, and Imitations published in 1780 were written not by her but...