Women’s Writing in the British Isles from the Beginnings to the Present
Virginia Woolf
-
Standard Name: Woolf, Virginia
Birth Name: Adeline Virginia Stephen
Nickname: Ginia
Married Name: Adeline Virginia Woolf
Thousands of readers over three or four generations have known that Virginia Woolf was—by a beadle—denied access to the library of a great university. They may have known, too, that she was a leading intellect of the twentieth century. If they are feminist readers they will know that she thought . . . back through her mothers and also sideways through her sisters and that she contributed more than any other in the twentieth century to the recovery of women's writing.
Marcus, Jane. “Introduction”. New Feminist Essays on Virginia Woolf, edited by Jane Marcus, Macmillan, 1981, p. i - xx.
xiv
Educated in her father's library and in a far more than usually demanding school of life, she radically altered the course not only of the English tradition but also of the several traditions of literature in English.
Froula, Christine. Virginia Woolf and the Bloomsbury Avant-Garde. Columbia University Press, 2005.
2
She wrote prodigiously—nine published novels, as well as stories, essays (including two crucial books on feminism, its relation to education and to war), diaries, letters, biographies (both serious and burlesque), and criticism. As a literary journalist in a wide range of forums, she addressed the major social issues of her time in more than a million words.
Woolf, Virginia. “Introduction; Editorial Note”. The Essays of Virginia Woolf, edited by Andrew McNeillie, Hogarth Press, 1986–1994, pp. vols. 1 - 4: various pages.
ix
She left a richly documented life in words, inventing a modern fiction, theorising modernity, writing the woman into the picture. She built this outstandingly influential work, which has had its impact on both writing and life, on her personal experience, and her fictions emerge to a striking degree from her life, her gender, and her moment in history. In a sketch of her career written to Ethel Smyth
she said that a short story called An Unwritten Novelwas the great discovery . . . . That—again in one second—showed me how I could embody all my deposit of experience in a shape that fitted it.
Woolf, Virginia. The Letters of Virginia Woolf. Editors Nicolson, Nigel and Joanne Trautmann, Hogarth Press, 1975–1980, 6 vols.
After her return from Bryn Mawr in 1909, Ray Costelloe (later RS
) stayed with her friend Ellie Rendel
(whose mother was an elder sister of Lytton Strachey
) at the Stracheys' home in Hampstead...
Wellesley, Dorothy. Far Have I Travelled. James Barrie, 1952.
133
In the years after the war she formed her important...
Friends, Associates
Rosamond Lehmann
While younger than the principal figures and sometimes inclined to feel herself marginal, RL
was positioned well within the Bloomsbury group. She was close friends with another younger associate, George Rylands
. During the early...
Friends, Associates
Violet Hunt
Among those who frequented VH
's house there were some to whom she became especially close. Her long friendship with Henry James
dated back to July 1882. Apart from an estrangement during the scandal over...
Friends, Associates
Ling Shuhua
He also introduced her to both Vanessa Bell
and his maternal aunt Virginia Woolf
, who became important correspondents for her.
Welland, Sasha Su-Ling. A Thousand Miles of Dreams: The Journeys of Two Chinese Sisters. Rowman & Littlefield, 2006.
255-7
Friends, Associates
Elizabeth Bowen
Frequent guests at Bowen's Court (where, says Victoria Glendinning, they ate and drank royally)
Glendinning, Victoria. Elizabeth Bowen. Alfred A. Knopf, 1978.
ICB
met Vita Sackville-West
over lunch, and was taken by Vita in the afternoon to meet Virginia Woolf
.
Spurling, Hilary. Secrets of a Woman’s Heart. Hodder and Stoughton, 1984.
24
Friends, Associates
Lady Ottoline Morrell
LOM
's friendships were many and strongly felt. Developed mainly through her salons and other creative associations, they swept in Lytton Strachey
, Virginia Woolf
, Roger Fry
, Joseph Conrad
, T. S.
and...
Health
Ethel M. Arnold
Virginia Woolf
remembered Miss Arnold lying drunk in a house in Hounslow.
Woolf, Virginia. The Diary of Virginia Woolf. Editors Bell, Anne Olivier and Andrew McNeillie, Hogarth Press, 1977–1984, 5 vols.
46
Health
Jane Ellen Harrison
JEH
had been diagnosed with leukaemia by the summer of 1927. Mirrlees nursed her through this last illness.
Robinson, Annabel. The Life and Work of Jane Ellen Harrison. Oxford University Press, 2001.
303-4
In February 1928 Virginia Woolf
met with Harrison for the last time. She described her in...
Health
Frances Cornford
She claimed that although she felt healthy while pregnant, breast-feeding inclined her towards depression.
Cornford, Hugh et al. “Frances Cornford 1886-1960”. Selected Poems, edited by Jane Dowson and Jane Dowson, Enitharmon Press, 1996, p. xxvii - xxxvii.
xxxii
Her children later recalled her as invalidish and suffering from a lack of energy and robustness.
Cornford, Hugh et al. “Frances Cornford 1886-1960”. Selected Poems, edited by Jane Dowson and Jane Dowson, Enitharmon Press, 1996, p. xxvii - xxxvii.
xxxii
She required nurses...
Intertextuality and Influence
Lucas Malet
The novel pursues its tangle of relationships in leisurely style, with much lengthy discussion among the characters, sometimes in heightened, near-melodramatic tones. One of the cultural markers it uses is that of books: Mrs Harvey-Noakes...
Intertextuality and Influence
G. B. Stern
GBS
opens the second Austen book with an amusing account of an interview with a seventeen-and-a-half-year-old niece who relates how she has fallen seriously in love with a dashing army officer who is her ideal...
Intertextuality and Influence
Tillie Olsen
Olsen gave this book a double dedication. The first read: For our silenced people, century after century their beings consumed in the hard, everyday essential work of maintaining human life. Their art, which still they...
Intertextuality and Influence
George Eliot
Alison Booth
has traced GE
's influence on Virginia Woolf
, and several critics have anointed Margaret Drabble
as her major successor among contemporary British writers.
Booth, Alison. Greatness Engendered. Cornell University Press, 1992.
passim
Blake, Kathleen. “George Eliot: The Critical Heritage”. The Cambridge Companion to George Eliot, edited by George Levine and George Levine, Cambridge University Press, 2001, pp. 202-25.