Women’s Writing in the British Isles from the Beginnings to the Present
Christina Rossetti
-
Standard Name: Rossetti, Christina
Birth Name: Christina Georgina Rossetti
Pseudonym: C. G. R.
Pseudonym: Ellen Alleyne
Pseudonym: Calta
Nickname: Sister Christina
CR
wrote and published poetry ranging from religious poetry, love lyrics, and sonnets to narrative and dramatic verse. She published five successive volumes of verse, three collected editions, and many individual poems in anthologies and periodicals, from the 1840s until her death in the 1890s. She occupies a liminal position in relation to the Pre-Raphaelite
movement: deeply influenced by and indebted to it, she developed a voice and preoccupations in many respects distinct from those of its male members, partly because of her equally strong absorption in the High AnglicanOxford Movement. Goblin Market, the poem for which she is best known, has frequently been re-issued as a children's fable, but has also been convincingly read as a complex exploration of religion, gender, and sexuality. Some of her other verse was specifically aimed at children. Her attempts at prose fiction, of which a volume appeared in her lifetime and another posthumously, were not as well received as her poetry. CR
's devotional writing, which intensified towards the end of her life, includes hymns and other religious verse, as well as six volumes of religious commentary presented from a distinctively female standpoint. A writer who combined abiding interest in symbol and correspondence with stylistic austerity and metrical innovation that presaged modernism, CR
is recognised as one of the major poets of the Victorian period.
Her title makes multiple allusion to disparate other texts. Its first four words are quoted from a poem of aspiration by Christina Rossetti
; the rest of it alludes to E. M. Forster
's semi-disillusioned...
Intertextuality and Influence
Sylvia Kantaris
The poems here are full of places—real ones, like St Ives, Zennor, a rain-forest in Queensland, Australia; also the dystopias of Snapshotland (where everyone is happy all the time.)
Kantaris, Sylvia. The Sea at the Door. Secker and Warburg, 1985.
4
and...
Intertextuality and Influence
Caroline Bowles
Scholar Margaret M. Morlier
argues that The Young Grey Head influenced Christina Rossetti
's Goblin Market. Morlier argues that Rossetti's poem revises the specific scene of fever delirium but features an similarly afflicted sister...
Intertextuality and Influence
Emily Dickinson
Among our contemporary poets, Adrienne Rich
has offered this reading of ED
's life and works: Emily Dickinson—viewed by her bemused contemporary Thomas Higginson as partially cracked, by the twentieth century as fey or...
Intertextuality and Influence
Augusta Webster
The women speakers of Dramatic Studies include the imprisoned Jeanne d'Arc. By the Looking-Glass gives voice to a plain girl seated beside her bedroom mirror after she has arrived home from a ball. Skilled...
Intertextuality and Influence
Adrienne Rich
First published in 1971 (Rich's collections often include writings issued previously), the essay When We Dead Awaken: Writing as Re-Vision is described in 1988 by Elizabeth Meese
as still inform[ing] much of the best work...
Intertextuality and Influence
Anna Eliza Bray
Christina Rossetti
later noted that her poem Goblin Market, which was originally titled A Peep at the Goblins, was an imitation of my cousin Mrs. Bray's A Peep at the Pixies.
qtd. in
Chapman, Alison. The Afterlife of Christina Rossetti. MacMillan, 2000.
77
Intertextuality and Influence
Gerard Manley Hopkins
GMH
won the Poetry Prize at Highgate School
in 1860, the year he turned sixteen. He was still writing as an undergraduate at Oxford
in 1863-7. But when he became a Jesuit
in 1868 he...
Godden, Rumer. A Time to Dance, No Time to Weep. Macmillan, 1987.
218 and n
Leisure and Society
Isabella Banks
Despite increasing poverty, the family socialised widely: Christina Rossetti
called IB
's Sunday evening gatherings at home attractively unceremonious.
qtd. in
Burney, Edward Lester. Mrs. G. Linnaeus Banks. E. J. Morten, 1969.
84
Literary responses
Augusta Webster
The first Dictionary of National Biography praised AW
's abilities as a poet and claimed a lasting place for her in the English poetic tradition, but by 1914 Watts-Dunton was complaining about her exclusion from...
Literary responses
Christina Fraser-Tytler
Alfred H. Miles
, in The Poets and the Poetry of the Nineteenth Century, recorded a particular appreciation for Absolution, a poem here about a married woman who accidentally encounters a lover from...
Wisker, Alistair et al. “Introduction: A Literary Appreciation”. Doreen Wallace, 1897-1989: Writer and Social Campaigner, Edwin Mellen Press, Jan. 2000, p. xvii - xxi.
xviii
Literary responses
Jean Ingelow
On 1 December 1863, Christina Rossetti
wrote to her publisher, Miss Procter
I am not afraid of; but Miss Ingelow . . . would be a formidable rival to most men, and to any woman...
Literary responses
Jean Ingelow
JI
was wildly successful during her life—she even had a ship named after her while she lived—but it is only very recently that a resurgence of scholarship on and appreciation of her has begun. An...