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July 1848: After a fierce struggle, Austrian general...

National or international item

July 1848

After a fierce struggle, Austrian general Radetzky regained control of Milan, from which he had retreated four months earlier.
Cowie, Leonard W., and Leonard Woolfson. Years of Nationalism: European History 1815-1890. Edward Arnold, 1985.
159

16 October 1880: The first South African War (or First Boer...

National or international item

16 October 1880

The first South African War (or First Boer War) began, as the Boers sought independence from Britain.
Cook, Chris, and John, 1946 - Stevenson. The Longman Handbook of Modern British History, 1714-1995. 3rd ed., Longman, 1996.
290
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
304

August 1888: Amateur photography gained widespread popularity...

Building and people item

August 1888

Amateur photography gained widespread popularity with George Eastman 's introduction of the first Kodak camera.
Hannavy, John. Masters of Victorian Photography. David and Charles, 1976.
41
Gernsheim, Helmut, and Alison Gernsheim. The History of Photography From the Earliest Use of the Camera Obscura in the Eleventh Century up until 1914. Geoffrey Cumberlege, 1955.
301-2
The History of Kodak. http://www.kodak.com/global/en/corp/historyOfKodak/historyIntro.jhtml?pq-path=2687&pq-locale=en_CA.
Gernsheim, Helmut, and Alison Gernsheim. The History of Photography From the Earliest Use of the Camera Obscura in the Eleventh Century up until 1914. Geoffrey Cumberlege, 1955.
302

1827: French novelist Honoré de Balzac began publishing...

Writer or writing item

1827

French novelist Honoré de Balzac began publishing his series of ninety-one interconnected novels and stories, the Comédie humaine.
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.

1977: Pirate Jenny, a feminist theatre troupe,...

Women writers item

1977

Pirate Jenny , a feminist theatre troupe, produced Melissa Murray 's satire Bouncing Back with Benyon.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.

9 July 1785: Publisher-printer William Strahan died worth...

Writer or writing item

9 July 1785

Publisher-printer William Strahan died worth nearly £100,000. His firm was at this date operating eleven printing presses.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
Suarez, Michael F. “The Business of Literature: The Book Trade in England from Milton to Blake”. A Companion to Literature from Milton to Blake, edited by David Womersley, Blackwell, 2000, pp. 131-47.
134
Buchan, James. “That sh—te Creech”. London Review of Books, 5 Apr. 2007, pp. 13-14.
14

April 1897: The last issue of the aesthetic quarterly...

Writer or writing item

April 1897

The last issue of the aesthetic quarterly the The Yellow Book was published.
Sutherland, John, b. 1938. The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction. Stanford University Press, 1989.
685

17 August 1662: The Anglican Book of Common Prayer, revised...

Writer or writing item

17 August 1662

The Anglican Book of Common Prayer, revised this year, was appointed for use and first used in churches throughout the land.
Evelyn, John. The Diary of John Evelyn. Editor De Beer, Esmond Samuel, Oxford University Press, 1959.
442

1893: The Women's Local Government Society launched...

National or international item

1893

The Women's Local Government Society launched a massive campaign to amend the County Council bill to ensure that all women ratepayers would be eligible to vote for the new County Councils; their successful campaign resulted...

1895: Chatto and Windus published The Professor's...

Women writers item

1895

Chatto and Windus published The Professor's Experiment, a novel by Margaret Hungerford (who was near the end of her life but not yet slackening in productivity).
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

1925: The Plague of His Own Heart, a novel by Josephine...

Women writers item

1925

The Plague of His Own Heart, a novel by Josephine Ward , was published.
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

1908: The British government entertained a scheme...

National or international item

1908

The British government entertained a scheme to prevent the access of married women to employment; it was, however, abandoned.
Raitt, Suzanne. May Sinclair: A Modern Victorian. Clarendon Press, 2000.
110

1 January 1900: The Net Book Agreement went into effect,...

Writer or writing item

1 January 1900

The Net Book Agreement went into effect, establishing minimum prices for the sale of books.
Feather, John. A History of British Publishing. Croom Helm, 1988.
147-8
Kingsford, Reginald John Lethbridge. The Publisher’s Association, 1896-1946. Cambridge University Press, 1970.
17
Curwen, Peter. The UK Publishing Industry. Pergamon Press, 1981.
41

1990: Partly as a result of the work of Women's...

Building and people item

1990

Partly as a result of the work of Women's Aid , the Home Office for the first time issued a circular to Chief Constables instructing them to treat domestic violence as crime.
Wainwright, Martin. “Reform at heart of Women’s Aid mission”. The Guardian, 27 Dec. 2003, p. 13.
13

Anne Dacier

AD , a Frenchwoman, was active as a classical scholar, editor, translator, and critic during the early eighteenth century. Her work and her reputation were well known in England.
Anne Dacier Black and white engraved portrait of Anne Dacier. She is facing the viewer, though turned to her left a little. She wears a gown with lace detailing along the neckline and collar, with a head-dress attached at the back of her head; her hair is gathered there, and falls around her shoulders. Her expression is neutral.

1854: A Select Committee was assembled to investigate...

National or international item

1854

A Select Committee was assembled to investigate medical relief after the annual national expenditure reached £4,000,000.
White, Rosemary. Social Change and the Development of the Nursing Profession: A Study of the Poor Law Nursing Service, 1848-1948. H. Kimpton, 1978.
20

1403: The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London...

Writer or writing item

1403

The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of London approved the formation of a fraternity or Guild of Stationers . Printers became dominant in the organization by the time it became the Stationers' Company and...

From 1662: The King's Library (now part of the British...

Writer or writing item

From 1662

The King's Library (now part of the British Library ) and Cambridge University Library enjoyed the legal right to a copy of every book published in Britain (a right granted to the Bodleian on 11...

11 September 1915: The first British Women's Institute was founded...

Building and people item

11 September 1915

The first British Women's Institute was founded in Llanfair, Anglesey, Wales; the first Women's Institute of all had been founded in Stoney Creek, Ontario, Canada, in 1897.
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
352
Jenkins, Inez. A History of the Women’s Institute Movement of England and Wales. Printed at the University Press by C. Batey, 1953.
1-15
Purvis, June. A History of Women’s Education in England. Open University Press, 1991.
105
Hughes, Mary, and Mary Kennedy, editors. New Futures: Changing Women’s Education. Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985.
173

4 June 1963: John Profumo, Secretary of State for War,...

Building and people item

4 June 1963

John Profumo , Secretary of State for War, resigned after he was found to have lied in the House of Commons about his relations with call-girl Christine Keeler .
Thomson, David, and Geoffrey Warner. England in the Twentieth Century, 1914-1979. 2nd ed., Penguin Books, 1981.
263-4
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
420
Roberts, Clayton, and David Roberts. A History of England: 1688 to the Present. Prentice-Hall, 1980.
825

1910: Lucy Walford's autobiography, Recollections...

Women writers item

1910

Lucy Walford 's autobiography, Recollections of a Scottish Novelist, appeared.
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

Maria Elizabetha Jacson

During the 1790s and the early nineteenth century, MEJ published three works about Linnean botany and plant physiology
Shteir, Ann B. “Botanical Dialogues: Maria Jacson and Women’s Popular Science Writing in England”. Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
23
, No. 3, 1 Mar.–31 May 1990, pp. 301-17.
301
(the first of them designed expressly for the instruction of children) and one about gardening.

1834: The British Treasury instituted a Civil Service...

Building and people item

1834

The British Treasury instituted a Civil Service examination in order to select the most suitable of three nominees chosen from a list prepared by the Patronage Secretary.
Cohen, Emmeline W. The Growth of the British Civil Service 1780-1939. Archon Books, 1965, http://U of G.
75-7

12 October 1897: Nearly four years after the appearance of...

Writer or writing item

12 October 1897

Nearly four years after the appearance of the first fascicle (A-ant) of the Oxford English Dictionary, a great dinner was held at Queen's College, Oxford , for its volunteer readers, including women.
Winchester, Simon. The Professor and the Madman. HarperCollins, 1998.
163-4, 147

June 1940: More than five million women were in civil...

Building and people item

June 1940

More than five million women were in civil employment in Britain.
Minns, Raynes. Bombers and Mash: The Domestic Front 1939-45. Virago, 1980.
chronology