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Damaris Masham

DM , philosophical controversialist of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century, was also a memorable writer of familiar letters and witty poetry (both pastoral and satire).

1917: Oxford University opened its medical examinations...

Building and people item

1917

Oxford University opened its medical examinations to women.
Howarth, Janet. “Women”. The History of the University of Oxford: The Twentieth Century, edited by Brian Harrison, Clarendon, 1994, pp. 345-76.
348
Brittain, Vera. The Women at Oxford. George G. Harrap, 1960.
149

1831-1836: Charles Darwin's journey as naturalist on...

Building and people item

1831-1836

Charles Darwin 's journey as naturalist on board The Beagle laid the foundation for his work on evolution.
Taton, René, editor. Science in the Nineteenth Century. Translator Pomerans, Arnold J., Vol. 3, Basic Books, 1965.
343, 371
Williams, L. Pearce. Album of Science: The Nineteenth Century. Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1978.
146

26 August 1931: The Labour Party leader James Ramsay MacDonald...

National or international item

26 August 1931

The Labour Party leader James Ramsay MacDonald organized a National Coalition government; many members of his party felt this to be a betrayal.
Young, Toby. “What U.S. needs is a Queen”. Edmonton Journal, 1 Dec. 2000, p. A17.
A17
Langer, William L., editor. An Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged. 4th ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1968.
981
Hamilton, Mary Agnes. Remembering My Good Friends. Jonathan Cape, 1944.
124-5, 172

1 August 1771: Richard Arkwright and David Thornley joined...

Building and people item

1 August 1771

Richard Arkwright and David Thornley joined forces with Jedediah Strutt and Samuel Need to rent land on which to set up a factory by the River Derwent at Cromford in Derbyshire, so that Arkwright's...

From around 1760: The numbers of women beginning to publish...

Women writers item

From around 1760

The numbers of women beginning to publish or circulate their writings in Britain showed a startling increase of around 50% each decade until the end of the century.
Stanton, Judith Phillips. “Statistical Profile of Women Writing in English from 1660 to 1800”. Eighteenth-Century Women and the Arts, edited by Frederick M. Keener and Susan E. Lorsch, Greenwood Press, 1988, pp. 247-54.
248

11 November 1965: Ian Smith and the white rulers of the British...

National or international item

11 November 1965

Ian Smith and the white rulers of the British colony of Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) unilaterally declared independence; the UK declared the regime illegal but did not use force against it.
Howard, Anthony. “The Unsolved Mystery of the Money Tree”. London Review of Books, 19 Aug. 1999, p. 31.
31

March 1890: William II of Germany dismissed Bismarck...

National or international item

March 1890

William II of Germany dismissed Bismarck from the position of Chancellor.
Cowie, Leonard W., and Leonard Woolfson. Years of Nationalism: European History 1815-1890. Edward Arnold, 1985.
318

1833-1834: Another uprising occurred in Italy against...

National or international item

1833-1834

Another uprising occurred in Italy against the ruling Austrian power; it failed.
Hobsbawm, Eric John. The Age of Revolution 1789-1848. Vintage, 1996.
129

By 18 July 1846: Lectures on Painting and Design by Benjamin...

Writer or writing item

By 18 July 1846

Lectures on Painting and Design by Benjamin Robert Haydon (who had killed himself in June this year) appeared in print. It put forward influential new theories of art education, state patronage, and industrial design.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
977 (1846): 737

Between 1637 and 1640: John Evelyn, an undergraduate at Balliol...

Building and people item

Between 1637 and 1640

John Evelyn , an undergraduate at Balliol College , Oxford, first saw coffee drunk (by a visiting Greek), thirty years before the custom became established.
Evelyn, John. The Diary of John Evelyn. Editor De Beer, Esmond Samuel, Oxford University Press, 1959.
11

June 2014: Xiaolu Guo, a self-exiled Chinese novelist...

Women writers item

June 2014

Xiaolu Guo , a self-exiled Chinese novelist and film-writer (now a British citizen, who writes in two languages, English and Mandarin, and was one of Granta magazine's Best of Young British Novelists in 2013), published...

1808-14: This period of Indian history was called...

National or international item

1808-14

This period of Indian history was called The Great Anarchy because Anglo-Indians (men of mixed race) were discharged from the British Army, where many had been doing well; feeling betrayed, many took service in...

2 April 1796: Vortigern and Rowena, allegedly a newly-discovered...

Writer or writing item

2 April 1796

Vortigern and Rowena, allegedly a newly-discovered tragedy by Shakespeare but actually written by William Henry Ireland , opened under Richard Brinsley Sheridan 's management at Drury Lane .
“William Henry Ireland and the Shakespeare Fabrications”. University of Delaware Library: Special Collections Department: Exhibitions and Publications: Special Collections Exhibitions 1995 - 2001: Forging a Collection: the Frank W. Tober Collection on Literary Forgery.

1947: James Barrie, great-nephew of playwright...

Writer or writing item

1947

James Barrie , great-nephew of playwright Sir James Barrie , founded an imprint to publish popular books, among them Lady Cynthia Asquith 's diaries.
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 112. Gale Research, 1991.
36

1836: The Botanical Society of Edinburgh was f...

Building and people item

1836

The Botanical Society of Edinburgh was founded.
Gascoigne, Robert Mortimer. A Chronology of the History of Science, 1450-1900. Garland, 1987.
389
Morrell, J. B. “The Patronage of Mid-Victorian Science in the University of Edinburgh”. The Patronage of Science in the Nineteenth Century, edited by Gerard L’Estrange Turner, Noordhoff International, 1976, pp. 53-93.
54
Alic, Margaret. Hypatia’s Heritage: A History of Women in Science. Women’s Press, 1985.
202

1793: William Wilberforce led an unsuccessful attempt...

Building and people item

1793

William Wilberforce led an unsuccessful attempt to get the East India Company 's statutes charter amended, to commit it to furthering the work of missionaries.
Church Missionary Society Archive: Section VI: Missions to India. Adam Matthew.

1893: Margaret Marshall Saunders published her...

Writer or writing item

1893

Margaret Marshall Saunders published her bestselling fictional autobiography of a dog, entitled Beautiful Joe, under the pseudonym Marshall Saunders .
Saunders, Margaret Marshall, and Hezekiah Butterworth. Beautiful Joe. Charles H. Banes, 1893.
prelims
Beautiful Joe Heritage Society. http://www.beautifuljoe.org/.

1937: The Matrimonial Causes Act added cruelty,...

Building and people item

1937

The Matrimonial Causes Act added cruelty, desertion, and insanity to adultery as reasons for granting divorce in Britain; the number of divorces doubled in a year.
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
382
Donoghue, Emma. “Author’s Note”. The Sealed Letter, Picador, 2011, pp. 465-74.
474

1943: The comic book Wonder Woman was launched...

Building and people item

1943

The comic book Wonder Woman was launched by All-America Comics . The comic relates the exploits of a female Superman who, wearing a swimsuit and riding astride a circus horse, hunts down Hitler and his...

1511: An English Act of Parliament restricted surgery...

National or international item

1511

An English Act of Parliament restricted surgery to qualified persons.
Bozman, Ernest Franklin, editor. Everyman’s Encyclopaedia. 4th Edition, J. M. Dent, 1958, 12 vols.
10: 693

21 January 1994: A court in Virginia, USA, found that Lorena...

Building and people item

21 January 1994

A court in Virginia, USA, found that Lorena Bobbitt had acted in self-defence when she cut off her husband's penis the previous June, and cleared her of charges against her.
Williams, Neville et al. Chronology of the 20th Century. Helicon, 1996.
523

1 January 1914: Northern and Southern Nigeria were amalg...

National or international item

1 January 1914

Northern and Southern Nigeria were amalgamated.
Keller, Helen, editor. The Dictionary of Dates. Macmillan, 1934, 2 vols.
I: 689
Langer, William L., editor. An Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged. 4th ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1968.
877

By 1 April 1848: Charles Kingsley published The Saint's Tragedy,...

Writer or writing item

By 1 April 1848

Charles Kingsley published The Saint's Tragedy, a blank verse drama on the life of St Elizabeth of Hungary .
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1066 (1848): 336
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.

June-July 1919: People first flew in large numbers, not as...

Building and people item

June-July 1919

People first flew in large numbers, not as continent-bound travellers but as joy-riders.
Hudson, Kenneth. Air Travel: A Social History. Adams and Dart, 1972.
13, 15-16