Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Elizabeth Cellier: January 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Cellier

January 1678

EC met Lady Powis , an active and prominent Catholic, who enlisted her in work on behalf of imprisoned co-religionists.
Cellier, Elizabeth. Malice Defeated and The Matchless Rogue. Editor Gardiner, Anne Barbeau, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, University of California, 1988.
2

Anne Conway: Probably 1677 or 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Conway

Probably 1677 or 1678

AC wrote the philosophical notebook which was later translated and published.
Conway, Anne. The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy. Editor Loptson, Peter, Martinus Nijhoff, 1982.
7-8
Conway, Anne, and Henry More. “Introduction; Editorial Materials”. The Conway Letters, edited by Sarah Hutton et al., Revised, Clarendon Press, 1992, p. vii - xix; various pages.
xi n27

Ephelia: By 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Ephelia

By 1678

The mysterious poet Ephelia first reached public notice when she produced (besides an anonymous verse eulogy addressed to Charles II on the Popish Plot) a play, The Pair-Royal of Coxcombs, from which only...

1678: The Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy...

Building item

1678

The Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy was founded.
Hunt, Margaret R. The Middling Sort: Commerce, Gender, and the Family in England, 1680-1780. University of California Press, 1996.
165-6

1678: Tudor, Prince of Wales. A Historical Novel...

Writing climate item

1678

Tudor, Prince of Wales. A Historical Novel (again a translation from French) was another of the earliest works in English to employ the term novel in its title.
Downie, James Alan. “Mary Davys’s ’Probable Feign’d Stories’ and Critical Shibboleths about ’The Rise of the Novel’”. Eighteenth-Century Fiction, Vol.
12
, No. 2-3, Jan.–Apr. 2000, pp. 309-26.
311
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

1678: Roger L'Estrange published the first English...

Writing climate item

1678

Roger L'Estrange published the first English translation (out of ten before 1740) of G. J. Guilleragues ' Portuguese Letters (often called Letters of a Portuguese Nun), which in French dated from 1669.
Spencer, Jane. The Rise of the Woman Novelist. Blackwell, 1986.
23 and n60

1678: Quaker theologian Robert Barclay's Apology...

Writing climate item

1678

Quaker theologian Robert Barclay 's Apology for the True Christian Divinity was first published in English, by the Sowle Press .
Bracken, James K., and Joel Silver, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 170. Gale Research, 1996.
256

1678: Ann Bathurst, a middle-class member of Jane...

Women writers item

1678

Ann Bathurst , a middle-class member of Jane Lead 's religious sect, was visited by an angel; as a consequence she began to keep a diary of her visions.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
She is no known relation to...

1678: Paper-making was firmly established in England...

Writing climate item

1678

Paper-making was firmly established in England by this date.
Norris, F. H. Paper and Paper Making. Oxford University Press, 1952.
1

1678: This year saw several landmark appearances...

Building item

1678

This year saw several landmark appearances in France: Marie-Madeleine de Lafayette 's La princesse de Clèves, the journal Le Mercure galant, and a new garment for women called the manteau.
ASECS (American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies), and Isobel Grundy. Email to Isobel Grundy. 11 May 2006.

Late 1670s: All-male Religious Societies sprang up, the...

Building item

Late 1670s

All-male Religious Societies sprang up, the forerunners of the Societies for the Reformation of Manners .
Hunt, Margaret R. The Middling Sort: Commerce, Gender, and the Family in England, 1680-1780. University of California Press, 1996.
104-6

1678-80: St Mary's Church inside Fort St George in...

Building item

1678-80

St Mary's Church inside Fort St George in Madras, on the Coromandel Coast of India, was built: the first British and first Anglican church in India.
Bozman, Ernest Franklin, editor. Everyman’s Encyclopaedia. 4th Edition, J. M. Dent, 1958, 12 vols.
8: 198

1678: An anonymous woman, who had charge of her...

Building item

1678

An anonymous woman, who had charge of her own family's finances by invitation of her father, urged in Advice to the Women and Maidens of London that girls should be taught the useful skill of...

January 1678: An unidentified woman clerk thought it worth...

Building item

January 1678

An unidentified woman clerk thought it worth while to write the history of the beginnings of the separate meeting of women Quakers at Priestwood near Great Missenden in Buckinghamshire.
Feminist Companion Archive.

1678: An anonymous, blasphemous pamphlet, the Traité...

Writing climate item

1678

An anonymous, blasphemous pamphlet, the Traité des trois imposteurs, got into print after first circulating in manuscript.
Jullian, Philippe. The Radical Enlightenment: Pantheists, Freemasons, and Republicans. George Allen and Unwin, 1981.
24, 25-6

Early 1678: Persecution of Scots Covenanters and attenders...

National or international item

Early 1678

Persecution of Scots Covenanters and attenders at secret conventicles reached a new level with the despatch of Highland troops (mostly Roman Catholics ) to enforce the law in Ayrshire.
The Covenanters: The Fifty Years Struggle 1638-1688. http://www.sorbie.net/covenanters.htm.

Anne Halkett: 16 January 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Halkett

16 January 1678

This date, written in the margin of AH 's manuscript autobiography (and here translated out of Old Style), indicates the day when she began to write it.
Her editor John Loftis makes no mention of...

Aphra Behn: 17 January 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Aphra Behn

17 January 1678

AB 's comedy Sir Patient Fancy had a performance at Dorset Garden which may have been its opening.
The London Stage 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960–1968, 5 vols.

February 1678: John Bunyan's famous allegorical narrative...

Writing climate item

February 1678

John Bunyan 's famous allegorical narrative the Pilgrim's Progress (sometimes later called a novel) was licensed by the Stationers' Company ; it was published this year.
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

Elizabeth Cellier: March 1678

Building item
Author event in Elizabeth Cellier

March 1678

EC was attacked by no less than five men who inflicted serious bodily harm. This was probably anti-Catholic violence.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Elizabeth Burnet : 11 March 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Burnet

11 March 1678

Sixteen-year-old Elizabeth Blake (later Burnet) married Robert Berkeley ; this marriage was an act of obedience to my parents,
Burnet, Elizabeth. “journals and papers”. Bodleian Library, MS Rawl. D. 1092, folios 111–203.
as she later phrased it.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Marie-Madeleine de Lafayette: 17 March 1678

Writing climate item

17 March 1678

MML anonymously published her masterpiece, the novel La princesse de Clèves.
Green, Anne. Privileged Anonymity. Legenda, 1996.
64
Haig, Stirling. Madame de Lafayette. Twayne, 1970.
45

Lady Hester Pulter: Just before 9 April 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Hester Pulter

Just before 9 April 1678

LHP died at the age of eighty-two. Her funeral was held on this date.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick: 12 April 1678

Women writers item

12 April 1678

Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick , died at Leighs in Essex, in her early fifties, after nearly five years of widowhood.
Cokayne, George Edward. The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant. Editor Gibbs, Vicary, St Catherine Press, 1910–1959, 14 vols.

Mary Astell: 22 April 1678

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Astell

22 April 1678

A funeral was held in Newcastle for Peter Astell , father of the eleven-year-old Mary . This was the first in a series of close bereavements.
Ancestry.co.uk. http://www.ancestry.co.uk.