Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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January 1781: The Lady's Magazine marked its eleven years...

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January 1781

The Lady's Magazine marked its eleven years of publication with a rousing proto-feminist tribute to its female correspondents, or amateur contributors.
Batchelor, Jennie. “Connections, which are of service . . . in a more advanced age: The Ladys Magazine, Community, and Womens Literary Histories”. Tulsa Studies in Womens Literature, Vol.
30
, No. 2, 1 Sept.–30 Nov. 2011, pp. 245-67.
245

1781: Alexander Hamilton published a Treatise of...

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1781

Alexander Hamilton published a Treatise of Midwifery, arguing (like others) that this subject was too important to be left to women.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

Early 1780s: Hotels, as distinct from inns or taverns,...

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Early 1780s

Hotels, as distinct from inns or taverns, began to open in England, and were typically considered respectable family accommodation. But within a few years, says historian Tony Henderson , many London hotels were reputedly haunts...

Frances Brooke: 31 January 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Brooke

31 January 1781

FB 's tragedy The Siege of Sinope opened at Covent Garden ; it played for ten nights—a gratifyingly long run.
Mann, David D. et al. Women Playwrights in England, Ireland and Scotland, 1660-1823. Indiana University Press, 1996.
381

Catharine Macaulay: By February 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Catharine Macaulay

By February 1781

Not much more than two years after her second marriage, CM published volumes six and seven of her History of England, with a subtitle that reads To the Revolution.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
51 (1781): 124

3 February 1781: British forces captured the Dutch island...

National or international item

3 February 1781

British forces captured the Dutch island of St Eustacia, West Indies, which had been an important channel for contraband trade between Europe and America.
Coakley, Robert, and Stetson Conn. The War of the American Revolution. Center of Military History, 1975.
127

Maria De Fleury: After early February 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Maria De Fleury

After early February 1781

MDF published her pamphlet Poems, Occasioned by the Confinement and Acquittal of the Right Honourable Lord George Gordon , President of the Protestant Association.
Gordon the champion of Protestantism converted to Judaism in 1786.
De Bruyn, Frans. “Anti-Semitism, Millenarianism, and Radical Dissent in Edmund Burkes Reflections on the Revolution in FranceEighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
34
, No. 4, 1 June 2001–2026, pp. 577-00.
585
De Fleury, Maria. Poems. R. Denham, 1781.
title-page

Sophia Lee: 19 February 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Sophia Lee

19 February 1781

John Lee , actor, manager, and father of two future novelists, died at Bath aged fifty-six, leaving practically no money.
Lee, Sophia. “Introduction”. The Recess, edited by April Alliston, University Press of Kentucky, 2000, p. ix - lii.
xxvii-xxviii

Hannah Cowley: 24 February 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Hannah Cowley

24 February 1781

Another comedy by HC , The World as it Goes; or, A Party at Montpelier, opened at Covent Garden .
The London Stage 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960–1968, 5 vols.
5: 411

Sarah Wentworth Morton: 24 February 1781

Writing climate item
Author event in Sarah Wentworth Morton

24 February 1781

Sarah Wentworth Apthorp married the lawyer and patriot politician Perez Morton , who had already gained a name for himself as a rousing public speaker.
“FamilySearch Internet Genealogy Service”. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Pendleton, Emily, and Milton Ellis. Philenia. University of Maine Press, 1931.
25
American National Biography. http://www.anb.org/articles/home.html.

Anna Seward: By March 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Seward

By March 1781

AS published at LichfieldMonody on Major André (who was hanged as a spy at Tappan, New York State, on 2 October 1780), with some letters he had written her.
André had been a...

13 March 1781: Astronomer William Herschel discovered the...

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13 March 1781

Astronomer William Herschel discovered the existence of the planet Uranus: he had already discovered several previously unknown comets, as his sister Caroline did soon afterwards.
Radford, Tim. “Light fantastic at the end of the universe”. Guardian Weekly, 1 Mar. 2000, p. 19.
19
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

April 1781: Giuseppi Baretti sought to make the Royal...

Writing climate item

April 1781

Giuseppi Baretti sought to make the Royal Academy exhibitions more accessible by publishing A Guide through the Academy.
Brewer, John. The Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Farrar Straus Giroux, 1997.
242

By April 1781: William Hayley published The Triumphs of...

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By April 1781

William Hayley published The Triumphs of Temper: A Poem: one of many fictional constructions of the ideal woman.
Guest, Harriet. Small Change: Women, Learning, Patriotism, 1750-1810. University of Chicago Press, 2000.
183
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
51 (1781): 273

Hester Lynch Piozzi: 4 April 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Hester Lynch Piozzi

4 April 1781

Henry Thrale , husband of Hester (later HLP ), died of apoplexy.
Clifford, James L. Hester Lynch Piozzi (Mrs Thrale). Clarendon Press, 1987.
199

Eliza Fay: May 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Eliza Fay

May 1781

EF complained of her husband 's acting in every respect directly contrary to my advice,
Fay, Eliza, and E. M. Forster. Original Letters from India. Hogarth Press, 1925.
196
as regards both money and political allegiance, only about a year after they arrived in Calcutta.
Fay, Eliza, and E. M. Forster. Original Letters from India. Hogarth Press, 1925.
196

Anna, Lady Miller : By May 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Anna, Lady Miller

By May 1781

ALM issued the final volume of Poetical Amusements at a Villa near Bath.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
51 (May 1781): 372

Maria De Fleury: June 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Maria De Fleury

June 1781

MDF published and sold from her own house, with her name and printed for the author, Unrighteous Abuse Detected and Chastised, a 24-page pamphlet which is another vindication of Lord George Gordon .
De Fleury, Maria. Unrighteous Abuse Detected and Chastised. R. Denham, 1781.
title-page

Maria Edgeworth: 1781-2

Women writers item
Author event in Maria Edgeworth

1781-2

ME attended Mrs Devis's fashionable finishing school in Wimpole Street, London.
Butler, Marilyn. Maria Edgeworth: A Literary Biography. Clarendon, 1972.
71-3

Leah Sumbel: 1 June 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Leah Sumbel

1 June 1781

Mary Wells (later LS ) made her London debut at the Haymarket (billed as being fresh from the theatre at Exeter).
Highfill, Philip H. et al. A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1973–1993.
The London Stage 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960–1968, 5 vols.
5: 436

Mary Bosanquet Fletcher: 7 June 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Bosanquet Fletcher

7 June 1781

Mary Bosanquet , at a low ebb financially and spiritually, received a letter from the Rev. John Fletcher . He said his mind was so strongly drawn to declare his sincere, long-held regard for her...

Christian Isobel Johnstone: 12 June 1781

Women writers item

12 June 1781

Christian Isobel Tod or Todd (later Johnstone) was born in Edinburgh only a couple of weeks after her parents married.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Perkins, Pamela. Women Writers and the Edinburgh Enlightenment. Rodopi, 2010.
209

14 June 1781: The American Congress, accepting mediation...

National or international item

14 June 1781

The American Congress , accepting mediation by Russia and Germany, appointed five ministers plenipotentiary to negotiate peace with Britain.
Coakley, Robert, and Stetson Conn. The War of the American Revolution. Center of Military History, 1975.
130

Anna, Lady Miller : 24 June 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Anna, Lady Miller

24 June 1781

ALM, died suddenly at Bristol Hotwells.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Ann Radcliffe: 27 June 1781

Women writers item
Author event in Ann Radcliffe

27 June 1781

Sarah Siddons played in Hamlet at the Theatre Royal in Bath; in the audience, probably, was the teenage Ann Ward (later AR ).
She is said to have been dazzled by her early sight...