STW
became a relief worker in a munitions factory, for which she was paid six shillings per shift.
Harman, Claire. Sylvia Townsend Warner: A Biography. Chatto and Windus, 1989.
30-2
Warner, Sylvia Townsend. “Introduction”. Letters: Sylvia Townsend Warner, edited by William, 1908 - 2000 Maxwell, Chatto and Windus, 1982, p. vii - xvii.
MW
began her career as a journalist while at Oxford
, editing the University magazine Isis; she then freelanced for many journals and newspapers, including Vogue. She also worked in radio broadcasting from 1970 to 1975.
Moseley, Merritt, editor. Dictionary of Literary Biography 194. Gale Research, 1998.
194: 281
Williams, Elaine. “Marina Warner”. Beyond the Glass Ceiling: Forty Women Whose Ideas Shape the Modern World, edited by Sian Griffiths, Manchester University Press, 1996, pp. 259-67.
Before she married, EW
had charge of petty Cash for her father's business (dealing in drugs and tobacco). He trusted her absolutely with sums of a hundred pounds or more, never himself checking her disbursements.
Walker, Anthony, and Elizabeth Walker. The Vertuous Wife: or, the Holy Life of Mrs. Elizabth Walker. J. Robinson, A. and J. Churchill, J. Taylor, and J. Wyat, 1694.
Lucy Colquhoun (later Walford) had two paintings exhibited at the Scottish Academy
. One of her earliest works, Herring-boat becalmed in Mist, was advertised in a local newspaper, much to her delight. An anonymous buyer made an offer, but was ultimately refused. LW
abandoned painting after several years of exhibiting, for the sake of her still secret desire to write.
Walford, Lucy. Recollections of a Scottish Novelist. Williams and Norgate, 1910, xi, 317 pp.
191-2
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
She was to acquire greater importance at Court later on. After Queen Jane Seymour
died that year she stayed in a private, court-connected household with other young ladies waiting for a new queen to be chosen.
Tyrwhit, Elizabeth Oxenbridge, Lady. “Introduction”. Elizabeth Tyrwhit’s Morning and Evening Prayers, edited by Susan M. Felch, Ashgate, 2008, pp. 1-51.
After the first trauma of an auction when she was nine, she was repeatedly sold. Having grown up on a Dutch farm she was sometimes beaten for not speaking English well enough. Like the free English labourer Mary Collier
before her, she often worked in the fields all day and then at laundry and household cleaning at night.
Truth, Sojourner et al. Narrative of Sojourner Truth. Oxford University Press, 1991.
17-19
Stewart, Jeffrey C. et al. “Introduction”. Narrative of Sojourner Truth, Oxford University Press, 1991, p. xxxiii - xlvii.
Frances Eleanor Ternan (later FET
), her sisters Maria
and Ellen
, and her mother Frances
, performed with Dickens
in Wilkie Collins
's The Frozen Deep, which opened at the New Free Trade Hall in Manchester.
In 1834, AT
began working at the General Post Office
. He had a troublesome start there: he was habitually late, his pay was often docked, and he was [a]lways on the eve of being dismissed.
Trollope, Anthony. An Autobiography. Harper and Brothers, 1883.
52
With this clerking job, AT
yearned to write. In July 1841, he volunteered for a transfer to Ireland. His salary there was around 100 pounds a year, but he earned 15 additional shillings per day for living abroad and sixpence for every mile he travelled. Since travel was half the cost in Ireland that it was in London, his annual income rose to 400 pounds. He described this as the first good fortune of my life.
Trollope, Anthony. An Autobiography. Harper and Brothers, 1883.
53
He also showed remarkable competence in a managerial position.
Her first job following her BA degree was as a teacher of French and history in a primary school for two years. For another year she was a publisher's editor at British Printing Corporation Publications
in London.
“Dictionary of Literary Biography online”. Gale Databases: Literature Resource Center-LRC.
CPT
looked for various ways to make money to support the family because Thomas was repeatedly denied a government posting, and his mental troubles pushed her into the role of family breadwinner. She was by turns a schoolteacher, a nurse, a midwife, an herbalist, and a farmer.
Gray, Charlotte. Sisters in the Wilderness: The Lives of Susanna Moodie and Catharine Parr Traill. Viking, 1999.
ST
's earliest jobs were unskilled ones: she worked as a petrol pump attendant and as what is now called a barrista but was then just making the drinks in a café.
“Sue Townsend—Obituary”. The Telegraph, 11 Apr. 2014.
He left school at sixteen and found a job with the South Wales Daily Post. He did not shine in this setting, any more than at school, and the paper let him go at the end of the same year, 1932.
Lycett, Andrew. Dylan Thomas. A New Life. Overlook Press, 2003.
51, 53, 62-3
Phillips, Adam. “A Terrible Thing, Thank God”. London Review of Books, 4 Mar. 2004, pp. 22-4.
Deborah Aldrich-Watson
, editor of the miscellany compiled by GT
's sister Constance, believes that one of the handwritings most richly represented in it, which she calls Hand B, was Gertrude's. If so, Gertrude also transcribed another collection of twelve poems for the family of a Thomas Fairfax
who lived at Wootton Wawen in Warwickshire.
WMT
lacked direction on his return from Germany. As well as studying law he purchased, early in 1833, a weekly called the National Standard. He was for ten months its proprietor and a major contributor. The paper then failed, but it had given him into the Garrick Club
and London literary society in general. He lived in Paris as a journalist and apprentice artist, but discovered that he did not have sufficient talent for the latter. By the summer of 1835 his inheritance was largely gone after a series of bank collapses in India, and he found himself disenchanted with his own bohemian lifestyle, lack of prospects, and heavy gambling.
Ferris, Ina. William Makepeace Thackeray. Twayne, 1983.
6
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
On 14 May 1849 HT
returned to John Taylor
's home, where she nursed him for two months during the final stages of his terminal cancer.
Hayek, Friedrich Augustus von et al. John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor; Their Correspondence [i.e. Friendship] and Subsequent Marriage. University of Chicago Press, 1951.
152
Banks, Olive. The Biographical Dictionary of British Feminists. New York University Press, 1985–2025, 2 vols.
208
Sage, Lorna, editor. The Cambridge Guide to Women’s Writing in English. Cambridge University Press, 1999.
At this time he abandoned his dream of pursuing classical music as a career, because public performance made him intensely nervous. Instead, he read Ibsen
and began, for the first time, writing a play of his own.
Benson, Eugene. J. M. Synge. Macmillan, 1982.
8
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
ACS
is a major Victorian poet and a prominent member of the aesthetic movement (also known as art for art's sake) who enjoyed great popularity and influence. In several ways (his exploration of sexuality, his internationalism), he is a precursor of the modernists (though T. S. Eliot
, for instance, frowned on what he thought of as his over-musical style and his immaturity). His poetry gives voice to his great love of nature, his strong political beliefs, his sexual radicalism, his erotic obsessions.
“Dictionary of Literary Biography online”. Gale Databases: Literature Resource Center-LRC.
35
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
LAS
became a Maid of Honour to Queen Elizabeth
in 1588, but with unspoken restrictions on her conduct. She was quite soon dismissed for infringing them.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.