Caroline Norton

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Standard Name: Norton, Caroline
Birth Name: Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Sheridan
Pseudonym: A Young Lady of Distinction, aged eleven years
Married Name: Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Norton
Pseudonym: Pearce Stevenson, Esq.
Married Name: The Honourable Mrs Norton
Pseudonym: Aunt Carry
Pseudonym: Cxxxy
Pseudonym: Libertas
Publishing over forty years of the nineteenth century, professional woman of letters CN produced poetry and songs, four novels, stories, and a few unsuccessful plays. She edited annuals and periodicals, where she also published work of her own, including reviews. The circumstances of her life led her also to publish on the social-reform topics of child labour, divorce law, and married women's property, in pamphlets, letters to the Times, and well-researched monographs. Though she thought of herself as primarily a poet, her polemical writing is now her best-known, just as her contribution to reforming the laws for women in Victorian England has now overshadowed the scandal that dogged her in and beyond her lifetime.

Connections

Connections Author name Sort descending Excerpt
Textual Production Elizabeth Barrett Browning
There followed, also in the Athenæum, a review of Wordsworth 's poems in August 1842. As well as these, EBB provided both critical contributions on Carlyle and Tennyson , and material gleaned from her...
Literary responses Elizabeth Barrett Browning
H. N. Coleridge in his survey of Modern English Poetesses in the Quarterly Review in 1840 ranked EBB second of nine (after Caroline Norton ) and offered some sharp criticism as well as admiration. This...
Friends, Associates Jane Welsh Carlyle
JWC criticized the party, which was also attended by Elizabeth Gaskell , William Thackeray , and Tom Taylor .
Surtees, Virginia. Jane Welsh Carlyle. Michael Russell, 1986.
204
Around this time JWC also met Frédéric François Chopin , who played her piano, and Caroline Norton .
Surtees, Virginia. Jane Welsh Carlyle. Michael Russell, 1986.
205
Friends, Associates Georgiana Chatterton
In Italy GC met one of her closest friends, Helen Selina Blackwood , Caroline Norton 's elder sister.
Dering, Edward Heneage, and Georgiana Chatterton. Memoirs of Georgiana, Lady Chatterton. Hurst and Blackett, 1878.
26
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Back in England, she met and liked Walter Savage Landor .
Dering, Edward Heneage, and Georgiana Chatterton. Memoirs of Georgiana, Lady Chatterton. Hurst and Blackett, 1878.
37
She moved and entertained...
Friends, Associates Caroline Clive
CC remained a close friend of her early passion Catherine Gore .
qtd. in
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
She was also acquainted with Mary Russell Mitford , whom she described as priggy,
Clive, Caroline. Caroline Clive. Editor Clive, Mary, Bodley Head, 1949.
266
Elizabeth Barrett Browning ,
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
and Harriet Martineau
Textual Production Caroline Clive
The Morlas begins with a note in which the author states that this poem has lain by me all the best years of my life. She had, she says, revised it on the specific advice...
Reception Eliza Cook
Reynolds's Miscellany printed an illustration of Lady Blessington , Eliza Cook , and Caroline Norton . Cook, in an open shirt and dark jacket, wears plainer and less feminine dress than the other two, whose...
Friends, Associates Eliza Cook
Her literary friends included Alfred Henry Forrester (Alfred Crowquill), for whose album she wrote a poem, and William Jerdan , who gave her valuable advice about her work. She visited with American poet...
Literary responses Eliza Cook
An 1848 preface to a US edition of her poems ranked EC 's popularity almost as high as that of Felicia Hemans or Caroline Norton . It characterises her work in terms of emotion and...
Reception Isa Craig
IC 's poem was chosen from among six hundred entries; other contestants included the working-class poet Gerald Massey and diarist Arthur Munby . Caroline Norton , visiting Edinburgh that year, had also written a poetic...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text Charles Dickens
The first issues contained loosely linked, picaresque, and quite satirical episodes resulting from the travels of Mr Pickwick and members of his eponymous club. As The Pickwick Papers progressed, the linearity of the plot strengthened...
Friends, Associates Lucie Duff Gordon
Living once again with her parents in London, Lucie Austin began an active social life. She was introduced to Queen Victoria , met and became friendly with Caroline Norton , and was introduced to...
Friends, Associates Lucie Duff Gordon
Her friends and acquaintances included (besides Caroline Norton , a particularly close friend) politicians Lord Lansdowne and Lord Monteagle ; writers William Thackeray , Charles Dickens , Emily Eden , Elliot Warburton , Alfred Tennyson
death Lucie Duff Gordon
Caroline Norton , one of LDG 's closest friends, wrote following her death: A great reader, a great thinker, very original in her conclusions, very eager in impressing her opinions, her mind was not like...
Fictionalization Lucie Duff Gordon
LDG was an inspiration to several of her literary peers. George Meredith probably had her in mind in drawing his character Lady Dunstane in Diana of the Crossways. (His Lady Dunstane is a close...

Timeline

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Texts

Norton, Caroline. Stuart of Dunleath. H. Colburn, 1851, 3 vols.
Norton, Caroline. The Child of the Islands. Chapman and Hall, 1845.
Norton, Caroline, and Robert Cruikshank. The Dandies’ Rout. J. Marshall, 1820.
Norton, Caroline. The Dream. H. Colburn, 1840.
Norton, Caroline, editor. The English Annual. E. Churton, 1834.
Reynolds, Frederic Mansel et al., editors. The Keepsake. Hurst, Chance; R. Jennings, 30 vols.
Norton, Caroline. The Lady of La Garaye. Macmillan, 1862.
Norton, Caroline. The Letters of Caroline Norton to Lord Melbourne. Editors Hoge, James O. and Clarke Olney, Ohio State University Press, 1974.
Norton, Caroline. The Separation of Mother and Child. Roake and Varty, 1838.
Norton, Caroline. “The Separation of Mother and Child by the Law of ’Custody of Infants’ Considered”. The Mothers: Controversies of Motherhood, edited by Marie Mulvey Roberts and Tamae Mizuta, Routledge/Thoemmes Press, 1994, pp. 1-58.
Norton, Caroline. The Sorrows of Rosalie. J. Ebers, 1829.
Norton, Caroline. The Undying One. H. Colburn and R. Bentley, 1830.
Norton, Caroline. The Wife; and, Woman’s Reward. Saunders and Otley, 1835, 3 vols.