Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Rosina Bulwer Lytton, Baroness Lytton: April 1836

Women writers item

April 1836

Rosina Bulwer (later Baroness Lytton ) separated from her husband, Edward Bulwer .
Ellis, Stewart Marsh, and Rosina Bulwer Lytton, Baroness Lytton. “Introduction and Notes”. Unpublished Letters of Lady Bulwer Lytton to A.E. Chalon, R.A., Nash, 1914, pp. 9 - 26; various pages.
22
Lytton, Rosina Bulwer Lytton, Baroness. “Introduction”. A Blighted Life, edited by Marie Mulvey Roberts, Thoemmes, 1994, p. vi - xxxvi.
xvii

Charles Dickens: 2 April 1836

Writing climate item
Author event in Charles Dickens

2 April 1836

CD married Catherine Hogarth , daughter of friend and Morning Chronicle editor George Hogarth (where Dickens worked as a reporter). The first instalment of The Pickwick Papers had been published two days earlier.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

William Godwin: 7 April 1836

Writing climate item
Author event in William Godwin

7 April 1836

WG , novelist, political philosopher, widower of Mary Wollstonecraft , and father of Mary Shelley , died in London.
Sherburn, George, and William Godwin. “Introduction”. Caleb Williams, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1960, p. vii - xx.
xvii

Catherine Gore : 16 April 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Catherine Gore

16 April 1836

CG 's historical drama Don Juan of Austria (adapted from Don Juan D'Autriche by Casimir Delavigne ) began a twelve-night run at Covent Garden .
Parts of this story overlap with Friedrich Schiller 's Don...

20 April 1836: The first narrow-gauge public railroad, the...

National or international item

20 April 1836

The first narrow-gauge public railroad, the Festiniog Railway , opened in Wales.
Bruno, Leonard. On the Move: A Chronology of Advances in Transportation. Gale Research, 1993.
89

25 April 1836: The New Strand Theatre (opened without a...

Building item

25 April 1836

The New Strand Theatre (opened without a licence in London in 1832) re-opened as fully legitimate, managed by W. J. Hammond and Douglas Jerrold .
Gore, Catherine. “Introduction”. Gore on Stage: The Plays of Catherine Gore, edited by John Franceschina, Garland, 1999, pp. 1-34.
24

Mary Shelley: Later April 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Shelley

Later April 1836

In the month of his death, MS was almost ready to publish her father 's posthumous memoirs, with his letters, and her editing and explanatory notes.
Conger, Syndy McMillen. “Multivocality in Mary Shelley’s Unfinished Memoirs of Her Father”. European Romantic Review, Vol.
9
, No. 3, 1998, pp. 303-22.
303

Caroline Chisholm: May 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Caroline Chisholm

May 1836

Archibald, CC 's eldest son, was born in Madras and christened after his father.
Moran, John, and Caroline Chisholm. “Introduction and Commentary”. Radical, in Bonnet and Shawl: Four Political Lectures, Preferential Publications, 1994, pp. 1 - 12, 30.
82

May 1836: Nicholas Wiseman (Rector of the English College...

Writing climate item

May 1836

Nicholas Wiseman (Rector of the English College at Rome) and Irish nationalist Daniel O'Connell began publishing the Dublin Review in London.
Houghton, Walter E., and Jean Harris Slingerland, editors. The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824-1900. University of Toronto Press, 1966–1989, 5 vols.
2: 11-3, 23
Norman, Edward R. The English Catholic Church in the Nineteenth Century. Clarendon, 1984.
124

George Sand: By mid May 1836

Building item
Author event in George Sand

By mid May 1836

After two years of humiliating legal trials, GS was granted a legal separation from her husband, Casimir Dudevant .
Jack, Belinda. George Sand: A Woman’s Life Writ Large. Vintage, 2001.
256

Queen Victoria: 22 May-7 June 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Queen Victoria

22 May-7 June 1836

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg , Princess Alexandrina Victoria 's cousin, visited England for the first time.
Munich, Adrienne. Queen Victoria’s Secrets. Columbia University Press, 1996.
xiii
Longford, Elizabeth. Queen Victoria: Born to Succeed. Harper and Row, 1964.
52-3

Elizabeth Barrett Browning: 27 May 1836

Women writers item

27 May 1836

Elizabeth Barrett was introduced to Mary Russell Mitford , who became a lifelong friend, by her cousin John Kenyon ; she met Wordsworth the following day.
Forster, Margaret. Elizabeth Barrett Browning: A Biography. Grafton, 1990.
80-2
Browning, Robert, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. The Brownings’ Correspondence. Editors Kelley, Philip et al., Wedgestone Press, 1984–2026, 14 vols. to date.
3: 320

Mary Howitt: By 27 May 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Howitt

By 27 May 1836

MH 's novel Wood Leighton; or, A Year in the Country was published in three volumes; it met with a fair degree of success.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
448 (1836): 379
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.

Mary Russell Mitford: 27 May 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Russell Mitford

27 May 1836

MRM first met the young Elizabeth Barrett (later Elizabeth Barrett Browning) , in London, though Barrett's cousin John Kenyon .
Mitford, Mary Russell. The Life of Mary Russell Mitford: Told by Herself in Letters To Her Friends. Editor L’Estrange, Alfred Guy Kingham, Harper and Brothers, 1870, 2 vols.
2: 174
Mudge, Bradford Keyes, editor. Dictionary of Literary Biography 116. Gale Research, 1992.
116: 196

June 1836: A monthly for women entitled Blackwood's...

Writing climate item

June 1836

A monthly for women entitled Blackwood's Lady's Magazine and Gazette of the Fashionable World began publication in London.
Palmegiano, Eugenia M. Women and British Periodicals, 1832-1867: A Bibliography. Garland, 1976.
1

Mary Howitt: June 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Howitt

June 1836

MH , on a walking holiday with her husband , passed close to Uttoxeter in Staffordshire, at the site of her novel Wood Leighton.
L’Estrange, Alfred Guy Kingham, editor. The Friendships of Mary Russell Mitford as Recorded in Letters from Her Literary Correspondents. Hurst and Blackett, 1882, 2 vols.
1: 315-16
Dunicliff, Joy. Mary Howitt: Another Lost Victorian Writer. Excalibur Press of London, 1992.
134
Greenfield, John R., editor. Dictionary of Literary Biography 110. Gale Research, 1991.
110: 147

16 June 1836: The London Working Men's Association was...

Building item

16 June 1836

The London Working Men's Association was founded.
Goodway, David. London Chartism, 1838-1848. Cambridge University Press, 1982.
22
Goodway, David. London Chartism, 1838-1848. Cambridge University Press, 1982.
22

From 18 June 1836 to 1839: John Forster published Lives of Eminent British...

Writing climate item

From 18 June 1836 to 1839

John Forster published Lives of Eminent British Statesmen in Lardner's Cyclopedia.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
451 (1836): 430
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.

Caroline Norton: 22 June 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Caroline Norton

22 June 1836

George Norton initiated divorce proceedings by bringing an action in the Court of Common Pleas against Lord Melbourne , then the Prime Minister, for criminal conversation (i.e. adultery) with CN .
Huddleston, Joan, and Caroline Norton. “Introduction”. Caroline Norton’s Defense, Academy Chicago, 1982, p. I - XIII.
vii
Poovey, Mary. Uneven Developments: The Ideological Work of Gender in Mid-Victorian England. University of Chicago Press, 1988.
63
Chedzoy, Alan. A Scandalous Woman: The Story of Caroline Norton. Allison and Busby, 1995.
8

Linda Villari: 27 June 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Linda Villari

27 June 1836

Linda Mary White (later LV ) was born in London, the eldest daughter and second child in a family of five.
Her place in the family is recorded in a family tree.
Ancestry.co.uk. http://www.ancestry.co.uk.

Harriet Taylor: July 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Harriet Taylor

July 1836

John Stuart Mill and his younger brothers met HT and her children in Paris, whence they travelled to Geneva and Lausanne before Mill and Taylor continued alone to Genoa.
Hayek, Friedrich Augustus von et al. John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor; Their Correspondence [i.e. Friendship] and Subsequent Marriage. University of Chicago Press, 1951.
101-2
Rose, Phyllis. Parallel Lives: Five Victorian Marriages. Alfred A. Knopf, 1984.
116

Maria Callcott: By 2 July 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Maria Callcott

By 2 July 1836

MC published Essays towards the History of Painting.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
453 (1836): 463

4 July 1836: W. L. Mackenzie began publishing Constitution,...

National or international item

4 July 1836

W. L. Mackenzie began publishing Constitution, which advocated a republican form of government.
Keller, Helen, editor. The Dictionary of Dates. Macmillan, 1934, 2 vols.
I: 459

Catherine Gore : By 9 July 1836

Women writers item
Author event in Catherine Gore

By 9 July 1836

The Athenæum reviewed two new works by CG : Mrs. Armytage; or, Female Domination (which she published as the authoress of Mothers and Daughters) and her anonymous novel The Diary of a Désennuyée.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
454 (1836): 482

21 July 1836: The first railway in Canada began to operate;...

National or international item

21 July 1836

The first railway in Canada began to operate; it stretched 16 miles from Laprairie on the St Lawrence River to St Johns on the Richelieu.
Keller, Helen, editor. The Dictionary of Dates. Macmillan, 1934, 2 vols.
459