Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Hannah Cowley: By 12 August 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Hannah Cowley

By 12 August 1789

HC returned from Paris to London, but very soon fell ill and retired for the time being to Devon.
Escott, Angela. The Celebrated Hannah Cowley. Pickering and Chatto, 2012.
3 and n13

Between 25 and 27 August 1789: In Paris, the National Assembly adopted the...

National or international item

Between 25 and 27 August 1789

In Paris, the National Assembly adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.
Kafker, Frank A., and James M. Laux, editors. The French Revolution: Conflicting Interpretations. 4th ed., R. E. Krieger, 1989.
x
Soboul, Albert. The French Revolution 1787-1799. Translators Forrest, Alan and Colin Jones, Vintage, 1975.
183
Lefebvre, Georges. The French Revolution. Routledge and K. Paul, 1962.
148
Paxton, John. Companion to the French Revolution. Facts on File, 1988.
64, 170
Historians differ as to the date. Godineau (369) gives August 25; Soboul...

Marguerite Gardiner, Countess of Blessington: 1 September 1789

Women writers item

1 September 1789

Marguerite Gardiner, Countess of Blessington , was born Margaret Power in Knockbrit, near Clonmel in Tipperary.
Editor Paula R. Feldman gives the year as 1790.
Feldman, Paula R., editor. British Women Poets of the Romantic Era. John Hopkins University Press, 1997.
147
Molloy, Joseph Fitzgerald. The Most Gorgeous Lady Blessington. 4th ed., Downey, 1896.
1

Mary Lamb, 1764 - 1847: Autumn 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Lamb, 1764 - 1847

Autumn 1789

At the ages of twenty-five and fourteen, Mary Lamb and her brother Charles saw the sea for the first time when they sailed from London to Margate in Kent for the first designated holiday of...

Henrietta Battier: 3 September 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Henrietta Battier

3 September 1789

HB 's son (apparently her only one) died.
Battier, Henrietta. The Protected Fugitives. James Porter, 1791, http://Bodleian: 280 i 105.
186-9

15 September 1789: James Fenimore Cooper, novelist, was born...

Writing climate item

15 September 1789

James Fenimore Cooper , novelist, was born at Burlington, New Jersey, USA.
Kunitz, Stanley J., and Howard Haycraft, editors. American Authors, 1600-1900: A Biographical Dictionary of American Literature. H. W. Wilson, 1938.
177

29-30 September 1789: The London-based Welsh society named the...

Writing climate item

29-30 September 1789

The London-based Welsh society named the Gwyneddigion (founded in 1770) sponsored its first eisteddfod: at Bala in Merionethshire.
James, E. Wyn. “Ann Griffiths. gwefan / website”. Cardiff University / Prifysgol Caerdydd.
“Iolo’s People. The London-Welsh Societies”. Iolo Morganwg.

Helen Craik: October 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Helen Craik

October 1789

HC , in her late thirties, penned her first work which is known to survive: a poem written in Robert Burns 's copy of his Poems published at Edinburgh.
Craciun, Adriana, and Kari E. Lokke, editors. “The New Cordays: Helen Craik and British Representations of Charlotte Corday, 1793-1800”. Rebellious Hearts: British Women Writers and the French Revolution, State University of New York Press, 2001, pp. 193-32.
229n56

Eglinton Wallace: September or October 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Eglinton Wallace

September or October 1789

In the revolutionary turmoil unfolding in Paris, EW was arrested in the middle of the night under a warrant issued by Lafayette .
She says she reached England safely on 1 October; the ODNB...

October 1789: Noah Webster, in the Massachusetts Magazine,...

Building item

October 1789

Noah Webster , in the Massachusetts Magazine, called for an American national spelling; Mercy Otis Warren was one of the first writers to answer this call.
Bly, Antonio T. “The ’Book’ in the Atlantic World”. Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
34
, No. 4, 1 June 2001–2026, pp. 638-41.
639-40

5-6 October 1789: French market women marched on Versailles...

National or international item

5-6 October 1789

French market women marched on Versailles to demand that the king put an end to bread shortages and relocate to Paris, closer to his people.
Levy, Darline Gay et al., translators. Women in Revolutionary Paris, 1789-1975: Selected Documents Translated with Notes and Commentary. University of Illinois Press, 1979.
15, 62-3
Elson Roessler, Shirley. Out of the Shadows: Women and Politics in the French Revolution, 1789-95. Peter Lang, 1996.
20-38, 50, 51, 54

Hannah More: 25 October 1789

Building item
Author event in Hannah More

25 October 1789

HM and her sister Patty (whose journal provides details of this crucial time) opened their Sunday School at Cheddar in Somerset.
Feminist Companion Archive.
Demers, Patricia. The World of Hannah More. University Press of Kentucky, 1996.
7, 101
Jones, Mary Gwladys. Hannah More. Cambridge University Press, 1952.
151

Ann Yearsley: 2 November 1789-7 December 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Ann Yearsley

2 November 1789-7 December 1789

AY 's historical tragedy Earl Goodwin was seen on stage both at Bristol and at Bath.
Waldron, Mary. “A Different Kind of Patronage: Ann Yearsley’s Later Friends”. The Age of Johnson, edited by Paul J. Korshin and Jack Lynch, Vol.
13
, AMS Press, 2002, pp. 283-35.
318 and n56

2 November 1789: The French National Assembly voted to expropriate...

National or international item

2 November 1789

The French National Assembly voted to expropriate and nationalize church property.
Kafker, Frank A., and James M. Laux, editors. The French Revolution: Conflicting Interpretations. 4th ed., R. E. Krieger, 1989.
x
Paxton, John. Companion to the French Revolution. Facts on File, 1988.
215

3 November 1789: The French National Assembly ordered all...

National or international item

3 November 1789

The FrenchNational Assembly ordered all parlements to remain in recess.
Paxton, John. Companion to the French Revolution. Facts on File, 1988.
155

4 November 1789: Richard Price delivered a sermon at the Old...

Building item

4 November 1789

Richard Price delivered a sermon at the Old Jewry Meeting House, London, to mark the anniversary of the Revolution of 1688 and celebrate the revolutionary spirit of France.
Tomalin, Claire. The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecraft. Revised, Penguin, 1992.
122

Anna Maria Mackenzie: 8 November 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Maria Mackenzie

8 November 1789

Someone called Anna Maria Johnson married Archibald Mackenzie : presumably this was the third and final marriage of the novelist.
“FamilySearch Internet Genealogy Service”. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Sarah Gardner: 17 November 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Sarah Gardner

17 November 1789

SG presented in New Yorkan entertainment rhetorical and oratorical, which sounds more like a lecture-related variety show than a play as such.
qtd. in
Highfill, Philip H. et al. A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1973–1993.
5: 467

Elizabeth Hands: 21 September 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Hands

21 September 1789

EH 's The Death of Amnon. A Poem. With an Appendix: Containing Pastorals, and Other Poetical Pieces was advertised as printed for the Author by subscription at Coventry, with her name.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Hands, Elizabeth. The Death of Amnon. Printed for the Author, 1789.
prelims

Ann Hatton: December 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Ann Hatton

December 1789

Ann Curtis (later AH ) nearly lost an eye when someone shot at her in a Covent Garden bagnio (which doubled as a brothel).
Highfill, Philip H. et al. A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1973–1993.
7: 172

Isabella Kelly: December 1789

Women writers item
Author event in Isabella Kelly

December 1789

Isabella Fordyce married Robert Hawke Kelly , a cavalry officer who spent money too freely.
Nicholls, C. S., editor. The Dictionary of National Biography: Missing Persons. Oxford University Press, 1993.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
under Sir Fitzroy Kelly
Kelly, Isabella. A Collection of Poems and Fables. Richardson, 1794.
2n

Elizabeth Moody: December 1789-August 1808

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Moody

December 1789-August 1808

EM wrote at least twenty-nine notices of books for the Monthly Review: a pioneering activity for a woman.
Gentleman’s Magazine. Various publishers.
84 (1814): 2: 613
Waters, Mary A. British Women Writers and the Profession of Literary Criticism, 1789-1832. Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
141
Johns-Putra, Adeline. “British Women Writers of the Romantic Period: An Anthology of Their Literary Criticism”. Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
35
, No. 2, June 2012, pp. 262-3.
263

Hannah More: Winter 1789-90

Building item
Author event in Hannah More

Winter 1789-90

Eighteen poor people died of typhus in the village of Shipham in North Somerset: HM thought that overseers of workhouses were literally guilty of murder.
Jones, Mary Gwladys. Hannah More. Cambridge University Press, 1952.
156

December 1789: More than fifty prostitutes were arrested...

Building item

December 1789

More than fifty prostitutes were arrested during a single Saturday night sweep of the Strand.
Henderson, Tony. Disorderly Women. Longman, 1999.
126-7

7 December 1789: Hester Lynch Piozzi heard the African John...

Building item

7 December 1789

Hester Lynch Piozzi heard the African John Frederick Bridgetower speaking in public at Bath, to great applause, and wrote how Dr. Johnson would have adored that Man!
Piozzi, Hester Lynch. The Piozzi Letters. Editors Bloom, Edward A. and Lillian D. Bloom, University of Delaware Press; Associated University Presses, 1989–2002, 6 vols.
1: 330-1 and nn2-4