Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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1555: French poet Louise Labé (c. 1520-1566), a...

Writing climate item

1555

French poet Louise Labé (c. 1520-1566), a salonnière in the city of Lyons, daughter and wife of rope-makers, published her Oeuvres at Lyons.
Ehrengardt, Thibault. “Louise Labé, Head Corner Stone”. Rare Book Hub, Oct. 2015.

1555: Bridewell Prison, the first house of correction...

Building item

1555

Bridewell Prison , the first house of correction for vagrants and beggars, was established in the same building as the recently-founded Bridewell Royal Hospital a residence for apprentices during their training.
Scull, Andrew. The Most Solitary of Afflictions: Madness and Society in Britain, 1700-1900. Yale University Press, 1993.
13
Weinreb, Ben, and Christopher Hibbert, editors. The London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan, 1983.

February 1555: The law was changed to permit burning alive...

National or international item

February 1555

The law was changed to permit burning alive for heresy: during the rest of Mary I 's reign at least 274 persons were burned in England for their Protestant belief.
Guy, John. “The Tudor Age (1485-1603)”. Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, edited by Kenneth O. Morgan, Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 223-85.
261
Duffy, Eamon. “Rolling Back the Reformation”. London Review of Books, Vol.
30
, No. 3, 7 Feb. 2008, pp. 27-9.
27-9

21 March 1556: Thomas Cranmer was burned alive for heresy...

National or international item

21 March 1556

Thomas Cranmer was burned alive for heresy at Oxford, after withdrawing the recantation he had formerly made under threat of such a death: this was one of the most famous Protestant martyrdoms under Mary Tudor .
Cameron, Jennifer. A Dangerous Innovator: Mary Ward (1585-1645). St Pauls Publications, 2000.
236
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2025, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Mary Basset: By June 1556

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Basset

By June 1556

Mary Clarcke , still in her very early twenties, was married for the second time, to James Basset or Bassett , a courtier, a religious conservative, and recently secretary to Stephen Gardiner , Roman Catholic...

Queen Elizabeth I: 2 August 1556

Women writers item
Author event in Queen Elizabeth I

2 August 1556

Princess Elizabeth (later QEI ) wrote what historian Patrick Collinson regards as the most important letter of her life (for political, not literary reasons): a declaration of innocent loyalty to her sister .
Collinson, Patrick. “Little Bastard”. London Review of Books, 6 July 2000, pp. 17-18.
18
Elizabeth I, Queen. Elizabeth I: Collected Works. Editors Marcus, Leah S. et al., University of Chicago Press, 2000.
43-4

Mary Basset: 1557

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Basset

1557

Mary Tudor , dedicatee of MB 's translation from Eusebius, made Basset one of her chamber gentlewomen at Court.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Mary Basset: 1557

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Basset

1557

William Rastell included in his edition of The Workes of Sir Thomas More, Knyght . . . wrytten by him in the Englysh tonge the translation by MB of the Latin section of More's Treatise...

4 May 1557: The Royal Charter of the Stationers' Company...

Writing climate item

4 May 1557

The Royal Charter of the Stationers' Company of London, granted by Mary Tudor , restricted the privilege of book-production to its limited membership.
McDowell, Paula. The Women of Grub Street: Press, Politics, and Gender in the London Literary Marketplace, 1678-1730. Clarendon, 1998.
63
The Stationers’ and Newspaper Makers’ Company. http://web.archive.org/web/20080807130318/http://www.stationers.org/companyhall-history.asp.
Smyth, Adam. “23153.8; 19897.7; 15635”. London Review of Books, Vol.
37
, No. 16, 27 Aug. 2015, pp. 37-9.
37

Anne Locke: 8 May 1557

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Locke

8 May 1557

AL , having left her home in London at the urging of John Knox , arrived (with her two small children) in Geneva to seek refuge from the religious persecution of Queen Mary 's reign.
Morin-Parsons, Kel, and Anne Locke. “Preface, Introduction, Textual Note”. A Meditation of a Penitent Sinner, edited by Kel Morin-Parsons and Kel Morin-Parsons, North Waterloo Academic Press, 1997, pp. 9-40.
23
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

June 1557: Tottel's Miscellany was published....

Writing climate item

June 1557

Tottel 's Miscellany was published.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.

Frances Neville, Baroness Abergavenny: 7 December 1557

Women writers item

7 December 1557

Printer and publisher Hugh Jackson entered in the Stationers' Register a volume of poetry entitled Precious Perles of Perfecte Godlines, which was said to be begonne by the lady Frauces Aburgavenny , and finished...

1558: John Knox published his Monstrous Regiment...

Building item

1558

John Knox published his Monstrous Regiment of Women, maintaining that woman had no natural or god-given authority to rule.
Powell, Ken, and Chris Cook. English Historical Facts: 1485-1603. Macmillan, 1977.
152

September 1558: The Emperor Charles V died at Yuste in Extremadura,...

National or international item

September 1558

The Emperor Charles V died at Yuste in Extremadura, two years after abdicating from the Holy Roman Empire which he had created.
Bozman, Ernest Franklin, editor. Everyman’s Encyclopaedia. 4th Edition, J. M. Dent, 1958, 12 vols.

17 November 1558: Queen Mary I died, and Elizabeth I assumed...

National or international item

17 November 1558

Queen Mary I died, and Elizabeth I assumed the throne of England and Wales.
Fryde, Edmund Boleslaw. Handbook of British Chronology. Editors Greenway, D. E. et al., 3rd ed., Offices of the Royal Historical Society, 1986.
43
Guy, John. “The Tudor Age (1485-1603)”. Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, edited by Kenneth O. Morgan, Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 223-85.
264
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
152
Haydn, Joseph. Haydn’s Dictionary of Dates and Universal Information. Editor Vincent, Benjamin, 23rd ed., Ward, Lock, 1904.
425

Queen Elizabeth I: 20 November 1558

Women writers item
Author event in Queen Elizabeth I

20 November 1558

In a speech delivered a few days after her accession, QEI spoke of the crown as a burden laid on her by God, which she obediently accepted.
Elizabeth I, Queen. Elizabeth I: Collected Works. Editors Marcus, Leah S. et al., University of Chicago Press, 2000.
51-2

Marguerite de Navarre: 1559

Writing climate item
Author event in Marguerite de Navarre

1559

Marguerite de Navarre 's L'heptameron was published, posthumously and anonymously, at Paris.
Clive, Harry Peter. Marguerite de Navarre: An Annotated Bibliography. Grant and Cutler, 1983.
27

1559: Negotiating between opposing factions, Elizabeth...

National or international item

1559

Negotiating between opposing factions, Elizabeth I sought to establish the English Church under her headship; Thomas Cranmer 's Prayer Book of 1552 became the official Book of Common Prayer.
Guy, John. “The Tudor Age (1485-1603)”. Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, edited by Kenneth O. Morgan, Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 223-85.
265, 274

1559: Realdus Columbus published at Venice his...

Building item

1559

Realdus Columbus published at Venice his Latin book of human anatomy which publicised his discovery of the clitoris.
Tuana, Nancy. “Coming to Understand: Orgasm and the Epistemology of Ignorance”. Sex and Gender: Rethinking Feminist Philosophy Conference, Edmonton, AB, 18 Oct. 2002.

1559: The Roman Catholic Church set up the Index...

Writing climate item

1559

The Roman Catholic Church set up the Index Librorum Prohibitorum or list of prohibited books, to protect its flock from dangerous and heretical ideas.
Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/.

1559: After a suppressed edition of 1555, there...

Writing climate item

1559

After a suppressed edition of 1555, there was published the anonymous A Myrroure for Magistrates: a collection of verse laments by famous men and women about how fortune brought them down in the end.
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

Queen Elizabeth I: 15 January 1559

National or international item
Author event in Queen Elizabeth I

15 January 1559

Having succeeded to the throne in 1558, QEI was crowned, as the climax of processions and ceremonies which had lasted several days.
Neale, J. E. Queen Elizabeth. J. Cape, 1934.
67-70

Queen Elizabeth I: 10 February 1559

Women writers item
Author event in Queen Elizabeth I

10 February 1559

QEI delivered a speech to Parliament in which she declined their petitions that she should marry.
Collinson, Patrick. “Little Bastard”. London Review of Books, 6 July 2000, pp. 17-18.
18
Elizabeth I, Queen. Elizabeth I: Collected Works. Editors Marcus, Leah S. et al., University of Chicago Press, 2000.
56-8

Anne Locke: March 1559

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Locke

March 1559

AL and her family left Geneva to return to London following the accession of the Protestant Elizabeth in November 1558.
Morin-Parsons, Kel, and Anne Locke. “Preface, Introduction, Textual Note”. A Meditation of a Penitent Sinner, edited by Kel Morin-Parsons and Kel Morin-Parsons, North Waterloo Academic Press, 1997, pp. 9-40.
23

1560: John Knox was instrumental in establishing...

National or international item

1560

John Knox was instrumental in establishing the Reformed Church in Scotland; this became the Presbyterian church.
Cameron, Jennifer. A Dangerous Innovator: Mary Ward (1585-1645). St Pauls Publications, 2000.
237