Christina Rossetti

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Standard Name: Rossetti, Christina
Birth Name: Christina Georgina Rossetti
Pseudonym: C. G. R.
Pseudonym: Ellen Alleyne
Pseudonym: Calta
Nickname: Sister Christina
CR wrote and published poetry ranging from religious poetry, love lyrics, and sonnets to narrative and dramatic verse. She published five successive volumes of verse, three collected editions, and many individual poems in anthologies and periodicals, from the 1840s until her death in the 1890s. She occupies a liminal position in relation to the Pre-Raphaelite movement: deeply influenced by and indebted to it, she developed a voice and preoccupations in many respects distinct from those of its male members, partly because of her equally strong absorption in the High AnglicanOxford Movement. Goblin Market, the poem for which she is best known, has frequently been re-issued as a children's fable, but has also been convincingly read as a complex exploration of religion, gender, and sexuality. Some of her other verse was specifically aimed at children. Her attempts at prose fiction, of which a volume appeared in her lifetime and another posthumously, were not as well received as her poetry. CR 's devotional writing, which intensified towards the end of her life, includes hymns and other religious verse, as well as six volumes of religious commentary presented from a distinctively female standpoint. A writer who combined abiding interest in symbol and correspondence with stylistic austerity and metrical innovation that presaged modernism, CR is recognised as one of the major poets of the Victorian period.

Connections

Connections Author name Sort ascending Excerpt
Publishing Ellen Wood
EW , as Mrs. Henry Wood, edited her first issue of the sixpenny monthly The Argosy, which she had bought two months before. This first issue launched her new novel, Anne Hereford...
Friends, Associates Ellen Wood
As she began to establish herself as a writer, EW became a friend of her fellow authors Anna Maria Hall , Julia Kavanagh , and Mary Howitt . The latter wrote her a complimentary letter...
Textual Production Ellen Wood
EW purchased the magazine from Alexander Strahan , who had decided to sell following the backlash prompted by Charles Reade 's sexually frank novel Griffith Gaunt. Her position as editor of a family magazine...
Textual Features Emma Caroline Wood
Literary responses Anna Wickham
Untermeyer 's introduction praised AW 's acid overtones of irony,
Untermeyer, Louis, and Anna Wickham. “Introduction”. The Contemplative Quarry; and, The Man with a Hammer, Harcourt, Brace and Company, p. vii - xv.
ix, x
and the unusual combination of lyricism and astringency in her work. It heralded her as the most typical and, in many ways, the...
Literary responses Augusta Webster
In the 1870s and 1880s AW was mentioned in periodicals on both sides of the Atlantic—in Harper's and Scribner's, for instance, as well as in English publications—as one of the leading women poets of...
Literary responses Augusta Webster
The first Dictionary of National Biography praised AW 's abilities as a poet and claimed a lasting place for her in the English poetic tradition, but by 1914 Watts-Dunton was complaining about her exclusion from...
Friends, Associates Augusta Webster
She made her entry into the city's literary circles with the assistance of Theodore Watts , later Theodore Watts-Dunton, who was a great supporter of her work and later a colleague at the Athenæum...
Friends, Associates Augusta Webster
Christina Rossetti fondly recalled having had a courteous tilt in the strong-minded woman lists,
Rossetti, Christina. The Family Letters of Christina Georgina Rossetti. Editor Rossetti, William Michael, Haskell House.
97
referring to the unsuccessful overture AW made to her, following the publication in pamphlet of Parliamentary Franchise for Women Ratepayers...
politics Augusta Webster
Among those she courted for the cause was Christina Rossetti , who wrote to AW that [m]any who have thought more and done much more than myself share your views,— and yet they are not...
Intertextuality and Influence Augusta Webster
The women speakers of Dramatic Studies include the imprisoned Jeanne d'Arc. By the Looking-Glass gives voice to a plain girl seated beside her bedroom mirror after she has arrived home from a ball. Skilled...
Literary responses Augusta Webster
Dramatic Studies as a whole was acclaimed by reviewers. A reviewer in the Westminster Review of October 1866 wrote that Mrs. Webster shows not only originality, but what is nearly as rare, trained intellect and...
Literary responses Augusta Webster
Both William Michael and Christina Rossetti greatly admired this play. William Michael called it the supreme thing amid the work of all British poetesses,
Rossetti, William Michael, and Augusta Webster. “Introductory Note”. Mother and Daughter, Macmillan, pp. 11-14.
13
and again so fine that I hardly discern where its...
Textual Features Rosamund Marriott Watson
Some of the fifteen poems chronicle the end of a love affair, perhaps foreshadowing her own marital crisis. Scholar Linda K. Hughes notes the influence of Christina and Dante Gabriel Rossetti , Jean Ingelow ...
Textual Production Rosamund Marriott Watson
RMW was by this time establishing a name for herself as an poet. In 1890 Elizabeth A. Sharp included three of her poems in Women Poets of the Victorian Era. The anthology also features...

Timeline

1832: Joseph Henry Parker took over his uncle's...

Writing climate item

1832

Joseph Henry Parker took over his uncle's Oxford bookselling and publishing business; as J. H. Parker it soon became the foremost publisher of the Oxford or Tractarian Movement.

1897: With her publication of Grains of Sense,...

Women writers item

1897

With her publication of Grains of Sense, philosopher Victoria, Lady Welby , shifted from theology towards a more academic and analytic study of meaning.

Texts

Rossetti, Christina. A Pageant, and Other Poems. Macmillan, 1881.
Rossetti, Christina. Annus Domini. Editor Burrows, Henry William, James Parker, 1874.
Rossetti, Christina, and Andrew Motion. Commonplace. Hesperus, 2005.
Rossetti, Christina. Commonplace, and Other Short Stories. F. S. Ellis, 1870.
Rossetti, Christina. Goblin Market and Other Poems. Macmillan, 1862.
Rossetti, Christina, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Goblin Market, The Prince’s Progress, and Other Poems. Macmillan, 1875.
Rossetti, Christina. Letter and Spirit. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; E. and J. B. Young, 1883.
Rossetti, Christina, and William Michael Rossetti. Maude. Editor Crump, Rebecca W., J. Bowden, 1897.
Rossetti, Christina. Maude. Editor Crump, Rebecca W., Archon Books, 1976.
Rossetti, Christina, and Dinah Mulock Craik. Maude; On Sisterhoods; A Woman’s Thoughts about Women. Editor Showalter, Elaine, New York University Press, 1993.
Rossetti, Christina. “Memoir; Notes”. The Poetical Works of Christina Georgina Rossetti, edited by William Michael Rossetti, Norwood, 1979, pp. xlv - lxxi; 459.
Rossetti, Christina. New Poems. Editor Rossetti, William Michael, Macmillan, 1896.
Rossetti, Christina. Poems. Macmillan, 1890.
Rossetti, Christina. “Scope of This Edition”. The Letters of Christina Rossetti, edited by Antony H. Harrison, University Press of Virginia, 2004, p. 1: xiii - xv.
Rossetti, Christina. Seek and Find. Society for Promoting Christian knowledge; Pott, Young, 1879.
Rossetti, Christina, and Arthur Hughes. Sing-Song. George Routledge and Sons, 1872.
Rossetti, Christina, and Arthur Hughes. Speaking Likenesses. Macmillan, 1874.
Rossetti, Christina. The Complete Poems of Christina Rossetti. Editor Crump, Rebecca W., Louisiana State University Press, 1990.
Rossetti, Christina. The Face of the Deep. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; E. and J. B. Young, 1892.
Rossetti, Christina. The Family Letters of Christina Georgina Rossetti. Editor Rossetti, William Michael, Haskell House, 1968.
Rossetti, Christina. The Letters of Christina Rossetti. Editor Harrison, Antony H., University Press of Virginia, 2004.
Rossetti, Christina. “The Lowest Room”. Macmillan’s Magazine, Vol.
9
, pp. 436-9.
Rossetti, Christina. The Poetical Works of Christina Georgina Rossetti. Editor Rossetti, William Michael, Macmillan, 1904.
Rossetti, Christina, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. The Prince’s Progress and Other Poems. Macmillan, 1866.
Rossetti, Christina. Time Flies. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1885.