Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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1689: Robert Gould published another misogynist...

Writing climate item

1689

Robert Gould published another misogynist satire, A Consolatory Epistle to a Friend made Unhappy by Marriage (A Scourge for Ill Wives).
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

1689: The Advocates Library was founded in Edinburgh...

Building item

1689

The Advocates Library was founded in Edinburgh as a working library for the legal profession.
“A Brief History”. NLS: National Library of Scotland.
“The Advocates Library”. The Faculty of Advocates.

1689: Jean Racine's tragedy Esther (this time on...

Writing climate item

1689

Jean Racine 's tragedy Esther (this time on a biblical, not a classical subject) was both produced and published; it was translated into English under the same title in 1715.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

8 January 1689: Robert Gould licensed his Poems, Chiefly...

Writing climate item

8 January 1689

Robert Gould licensed his Poems, Chiefly Consisting of Satyrs and Satyrical Epistles: it included The Poetess, aimed primarily at Aphra Behn .
Buchanan, Dave. Augustan Women’s Verse Satire. University of Alberta, 1998.
13
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

February 1689: Mary of Modena wrote to Pope Innocent XI...

National or international item

February 1689

Mary of Modena wrote to Pope Innocent XI asking him to lead an alliance of the Catholic rulers of Europe to restore her husband as rightful and Catholic ruler of Britain.
Finch, Anne. “Introduction / Editors’ Note”. The Anne Finch Wellesley Manuscript Poems: A Critical Edition, edited by Barbara McGovern and Charles H. Hinnant, University of Georgia Press, 1998, p. xv - l.
xx

February 1689 to October 1791: The Williamite War was waged in Ireland between...

National or international item

February 1689 to October 1791

The Williamite War was waged in Ireland between supporters of the deposed James II (who landed at Kinsale on 12 March 1689 with substantial French forces) and supporters of William of Orange (who had assumed...

13 February 1689: James II having fled the kingdom the previous...

National or international item

13 February 1689

James II having fled the kingdom the previous December, and his place been taken by his elder daughter and her husband, they assumed the throne jointly as King William III and Queen Mary II ...

Aphra Behn: By 26 February 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Aphra Behn

By 26 February 1689

AB published A Congratulatory Poem to Her Sacred Majesty Queen Mary on Her Arrival in England.
O’Donnell, Mary Ann. Aphra Behn: An Annotated Bibliography of Primary and Secondary Sources. Garland, 1986.
150

About 8 March 1689: The Hearth Tax, an unpopularly uniform one...

Building item

About 8 March 1689

The Hearth Tax, an unpopularly uniform one which bore heaviest on poor households, was abolished.
Evelyn, John. The Diary of John Evelyn. Editor De Beer, Esmond Samuel, Oxford University Press, 1959.
904

Lady Rachel Russell: 16 March 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Rachel Russell

16 March 1689

William and Mary vindicated the memory of LRR 's husband by reversing the attainder on him, six years after he was executed.
Schwoerer, Lois. Lady Rachel Russell: "One of the Best of Women". Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988.
188

Aphra Behn: Early 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Aphra Behn

Early 1689

In the month of AB 's death there appeared her Pindaric Poem to the Reverend Doctor Burnet , on the Honour he did me of Enquiring after me and my Muse.
O’Donnell, Mary Ann. Aphra Behn: An Annotated Bibliography of Primary and Secondary Sources. Garland, 1986.
151-2
Todd, Janet. The Secret Life of Aphra Behn. Rutgers University Press, 1997.
428

Aphra Behn: 16 April 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Aphra Behn

16 April 1689

AB died in London after years of poverty and illness.
Mendelson, Sara Heller. The Mental World of Stuart Women: Three Studies. Harvester Press, 1987.
182

Aphra Behn: 22 April 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Aphra Behn

22 April 1689

An anonymous Young Lady (most probably Delarivier Manley ) published a pindaric elegy on AB , along with another by Nathaniel Lee .
Mendelson, Sara Heller. The Mental World of Stuart Women: Three Studies. Harvester Press, 1987.
182, 216n176
Spencer, Jane. Aphra Behn’s Afterlife. Oxford University Press, 2000.
30-1

Probably 23 April 1689: Mr and Mrs Priest's girls' school in Chelsea...

Building item

Probably 23 April 1689

Mr and Mrs Priest's girls' school in Chelsea put on the first (private) performance of Dido and Aeneas, by Henry Purcell .
Campbell, Margaret. Henry Purcell, Glory of His Age. Oxford University Press, 1995.
130, 137, 146
Wharton, Philip, Duke of. The Poetical Works of Philip, late Duke of Wharton. Edmund Curll, 1731.
311
23 April was William and Mary 's Coronation...

Martha Fowke: 1 May 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Martha Fowke

1 May 1689

MF was born at Hertingfordbury in Hertfordshire, the eldest child in her family.
Guskin notes that most reference sources date her birth to 1690, the year that appears on her tombstone.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
Fowke, Martha. “Introduction”. Clio, edited by Phyllis J. Guskin, University of Delaware Press; Associated University Presses, 1997, pp. 15-50.
45n14

10 May 1689: William and Mary were crowned. Bishop Burnet...

National or international item

10 May 1689

William and Mary were crowned. Bishop Burnet preached the coronation sermon.
McDowell, Paula. The Women of Grub Street: Press, Politics, and Gender in the London Literary Marketplace, 1678-1730. Clarendon, 1998.
4

24 May 1689: The Toleration Act (or Act of Toleration)...

Building item

24 May 1689

The Toleration Act (or Act of Toleration) declared that statutes against Protestant Dissenters would no longer be enforced; it did not, however, take them off the books.
Defoe, Daniel. Selected Poetry and Prose of Daniel Defoe. Editor Shugrue, Michael F., Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968.
326
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
197

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: Before 26 May 1689

Women writers item

Before 26 May 1689

Mary Pierrepont (later LMWM ) was born in London.
Grundy, Isobel. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: Comet of the Enlightenment. Clarendon, 1999.
5

Jane Barker: By 10 June 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Barker

By 10 June 1689

JB left London, following the ousted King James , to settle at his court-in-exile at St-Germain-en-Laye near Paris.
King, Kathryn R., and Jeslyn Medoff. “Jane Barker and Her Life (1652-1732): The Documentary Record”. Eighteenth-Century Life, Vol.
21
, No. 3, Nov. 1997, pp. 16-38.
22

Anne Finch: After July 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Finch

After July 1689

AF wrote an elegy, On the Lord Dundee, commemorating John Graham of Claverhouse, who died fighting for James II at the battle of Killiecrankie.
Biographer Barbara McGovern refers to this Scottish monarchist hero...

27 July 1689: John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount Dundee,...

National or international item

27 July 1689

John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount Dundee , led a force of Scottish Highlanders loyal to James II against William ite English soldiers in the pass of Killiecrankie.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Samuel Richardson: Probably 31 July 1689

Writing climate item
Author event in Samuel Richardson

Probably 31 July 1689

SR , conduct letter writer, novelist and printer, was born at Mackworth in Derbyshire, one of nine children.
Eaves, T. C. Duncan, and Ben D. Kimpel. Samuel Richardson: A Biography. Clarendon, 1971.
5
Smith, Sarah W. R. Samuel Richardson: A Reference Guide. G. K. Hall, 1984.
xiii

Damaris Masham: 2 September 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Damaris Masham

2 September 1689

John Norris for the second time addressed a book of his composition to DM : Reflections upon the Condition of Human Life, which was published in 1690.
Locke, John. The Correspondence of John Locke. Editor De Beer, Esmond Samuel, Clarendon, 1976–1989, 8 vols.
2: 471

October 1689: Habeas Corpus was suspended until late the...

National or international item

October 1689

Habeas Corpus was suspended until late the following year. When the suspension ended, a court (that ofJustice Holt ) began reconsidering cases of those imprisoned for crimes against the state, and released 80 percent of them.
Bingham, Tom. “’This in no wise omit’”. London Review of Books, Vol.
32
, No. 19, 7 Oct. 2010, pp. 17-19.
19

Elizabeth Delaval: 22 October 1689

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Delaval

22 October 1689

A warrant went out for the arrest of Lady Elizabeth Hatcher (the former ED ) as a Jacobite: for helping to convey letters between the exiled James II and his supporters in England, in an...