The Tag Glossary: A

Orlando's content is structured by the unique XML tagset described in the Introduction and visualized in the Tag Diagrams. To assist in understanding Search result facets and Tag Search, this Glossary provides definitions for tags and attributes (descriptors associated with tags). Some attributes have set values. These are often explained within definitions of attributes. Other attribute values, such as genre names, are defined within the ontologies of the Canadian Writing Research Collaboratory, which hosts Orlando’s production environment. Searches on this page retrieve tags, attributes, and definitions, but not necessarily attribute values.

A B C D E F G H I J L M N O P Q R S T V W

Activism

Machine name
ACTIVISM
Value
Yes
No


This optional attribute, attached to POLITICALAFFILIATION in BIOGRAPHY, works in conjunction with three sibling attributes. INVOLVEMENT and MEMBERSHIP are alternatives: select only one of the three, with ACTIVISM denoting the highest level of political involvement, and Woman-genderIssue for use with any one of the three. Activism has attribute values of ACTIVISMYES and ACTIVISMNO.

It applies to varied actions, such as suffragists chaining themselves to railings or women camping out at Greenham Common. Generally a founding or very active leadership role in a political organization would qualify as activism. Thus Josephine Butler, founder of the Ladies' National Association Against the Contagious Diseases Acts, qualifies as activist for having founded the organization, directed its activities, and for speaking publicly at meetings at considerable personal risk.

Address

Machine name
ADDRESS
Attributes
Current
Regularization

ADDRESS, a sub-element within PLACE, captures the specific address where a person lived or where a specific and significant event occurred. It is available within Biography and Writing tagsets and in freestanding events, and is placed around one or more AddrLine. AddrLine is a required sub-element before words are allowed. Address has two optional attributes, Current and Reg.

The following types of information can be captured under address:

  • Private house names (a British phenomenon) and numbered street address.
  • Street names and squares when they act as addresses and not placenames.
  • Lanes, Terraces, Places, Walks
  • Parts of streets: i.e., Upper Wimpole Street [Note: provide Reg attribute for "Wimpole" in order to ensure the address is indexed in the appropriate place.

Advertising

Machine name
PADVERTISING


ADVERTISING, available anywhere in WRITING documents though belonging conceptually with the PRODUCTION aspect, attends to the details surrounding the promotion and marketing of a text. For instance, you may want to discuss examples of interesting publicity or promotional stunts. This element has no mandatory or optional sub-elements or attributes.

Anthologization

Machine name
PANTHOLOGIZATION


An element in WRITING > PRODUCTION. It has no mandatory or optional attributes or sub-elements, dates, and other significant writers' names. This element creates a record of a work's selection for and appearance in anthologies; it contains relevant details surrounding significant instances when a text is anthologized (how it's framed; how it's described; how frequently it is chosen). Used (not exclusively) for inclusion in important modern or contemporary collections (e.g. Gilbert and Gubar, Palgrave, Norton), or for first or significant appearance in historical ones.

 

Archival location

Machine name
PARCHIVALLOCATION


This element belongs in WRITING > PRODUCTION. It contains at least a sentence of information about where significant copies/manuscripts (of her work) or evidence about her resides. It should contain a tagged PLACE (e.g. public library at Northallerton) or an ORGNAME (Folger Shakespeare Library) except in occasional instances of privately owned or equivalent. This element offers data for tracking mss or significant printed copies, collections now extant, copies historically lost or found or only heard of.

Area

Machine name
AREA
Attributes
Current
Regularization


Belonging to PLACE, a core tag globally available and the largest bucket holding together the sub-elements defining location, AREA encloses geographical locations more expansive and complex than those captured by the GEOG tag, such as continents. It has two optional attributes, CURRENT and REG.

Attitudes

Machine name
PATTITUDES

 

PATTITUDES, an element belonging with the PRODUCTION material but available anywhere in WRITING documents, is better expressed with the lengthy phrase: attitudes to gender, writing, gender and writing, or writing as a woman. It captures comments on a writer's beliefs and assumptions about the practice and profession of writing and the relationship of gender to it. Her attitudes may be surmised from her own specific comments about what writing means to her, or from a very general reading of her oeuvre. It captures material less goal-oriented than the element PMOTIVES, which deals with particular reasons for writing. PATTITUDES has no mandatory or optional sub-elements or attributes.

Author name type

Machine name
AUTHORNAMETYPE
Value
Anonymous
Pseudonymous
Allusive authorship

 

This attribute is attached to PAUTHORSHIP and belongs conceptually to WRITING > PRODUCTION. It allows us to distinguish between different kinds of authorship issues such as anonymous and pseudonymous texts, and texts whose authorship is claimed on other title-pages. It is modified by one of three values: Anonymous, Pseudonymous and AllusiveAuthorship. It has sibling attributes: AUTHORSHIPCONTROVERSY, CONTROVERSYDATE and COLLABORATION. See individual glossary entries for those definitions.

Author summary

Machine name
AUTHORSUMMARY


AUTHORSUMMARY is placed at the opening of WRITING discussions. As the equivalent of a Div1, it occurs outside any Div1, standing on its own. It is devised for researchers to make summary statements about an author before opening individual PRODUCTION, RECEPTION, or TEXTUALFEATURES elements. You are encouraged to use this element to preface the writing document of each woman writer. It is useful both for minor writers about whom little is known, and for major writers whose work needs to be summarized before launching into the details. It must be as brief as possible, while situating its subject as to period, most characteristic genres, and reasons for interest in her. It allows use of three main sub-elements: EXTENTOFOEUVRE, GENRENAME, and GENERICRANGE. If you need to say more, then move into a PRODUCTION, RECEPTION, or TEXTUALFEATURES element. The usual Div1 inclusions are also available within AUTHORSUMMARY: NAME, DATE, PLACE, and ORGNAME.

Authorship

Machine name
PAUTHORSHIP
Attributes
Author name type
Authorship controversy
Collaboration
Controversy date

 

PAUTHORSHIP is available within WRITING > PRODUCTION. It enables discussion of issues surrounding a text's authorship. Encloses statement or debate, defined in the relevant attributes: AuthornameType, AuthorshipControversy, ControversyDate, and Collaboration.

Authorship controversy

Machine name
AUTHORSHIPCONTROVERSY
Value
Forgery
Spurious
Misattribution
Doubtful

 

This attribute is attached to AUTHORSHIP and tied conceptually to WRITING > PRODUCTION. It reflects the difficulties scholars sometimes encounter when trying to identify the authorship of a text. It has four values: forgery, spurious, misattribution, and doubtful, which all refer to specific difficulties in attributing or discerning authorship. This attribute works in conjunction with the attribute CONTROVERSYDATE to specify whether the controversy is settled or still ongoing.

Award (educational)

Machine name
AWARD
Attributes
Award type
Regularization


This sub-element is found in BIOGRAPHY > EDUCATION.It captures important educational awards given to future writers, and contains the name of the award, or occasionally a sentence concerning it. It has optional attributes of AWARDTYPE and REG. REG allows us to regularize the name of an award when we have not been able to express it in a standard form in the prose.

Award type

Machine name
AWARDTYPE
Value
Scholarship
Prize
Other

 

This attribute is on the element AWARD found within BIOGRAPHY > EDUCATION. It distinguishes between the different kinds of awards: scholarship, prize, and other. An entrance scholarship to Oxford or winning first prize in a Spelling Bee: distinguishing between awards will help understand the material conditions affecting women's education.