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1951: Peter Owen founded his own publishing company...

Writer or writing item

1951

Peter Owen founded his own publishing company in London.
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 112. Gale Research, 1991.
242
Mumby, Frank Arthur, and Ian Norrie. Mumby’s Publishing and Bookselling in the Twentieth Century. 6th ed., Bell and Hyman, 1982.
158

1895: Psychiatrist Henry Maudsley published a revision...

Building and people item

1895

Psychiatrist Henry Maudsley published a revision of Pathology of Mind: a Study of Its Distempers, Deformities, and Disorders, arguing that insanity grew in the uncultured and uneducated mind.
Showalter, Elaine. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830-1980. Pantheon Books, 1985.
108-9, 119-20, 124, 296
Showalter, Elaine. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830-1980. Pantheon Books, 1985.
124

25 July 1775: News reached London of the battle of Bunker...

National or international item

25 July 1775

News reached London of the battle of Bunker Hill.
Thomas, Peter David Garner. Tea Party to Independence: The Third Phase of the American Revolution, 1773-1776. Clarendon, 1991.
254

4 May 1961: The first Freedom Riders (racially mixed...

National or international item

4 May 1961

The first Freedom Riders (racially mixed groups of civil rights activists who set out to defy illegal segregation of long-haul buses and associated facilities) set out from Washington, DC, heading for New Orleans.
Arsenault, Raymond. Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice. Oxford University Press, 2006.

1838: The first Travelling Post Office (night trains...

Building and people item

1838

The first Travelling Post Office (night trains on which mail was sorted in transit) was introduced between London and Liverpool.
Allen, G. Freeman. Railways: Past, Present and Future. Orbis Publishing, 1982.
71
Webster, Ben. “Last post sounds end of the line for night mail”. Times, 16 June 2001, p. 3.
3

1774: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe published Die...

Writer or writing item

1774

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe published Die Leiden des jungen Werthers (translated into English by June 1779 as The Sorrows of Werter. A German Story, Founded on Fact).
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
47 (1779)
Waldron, Mary. “A Different Kind of Patronage: Ann Yearsley’s Later Friends”. The Age of Johnson, edited by Paul J. Korshin and Jack Lynch, Vol.
13
, AMS Press, 2002, pp. 283-35.
286

26 March 1803: Miss S. Hatfield dated the proto-feminist...

Women writers item

26 March 1803

Miss S. Hatfield dated the proto-feminist preface to her book of conduct and pedagogy entitled Letters on the Importance of the Female Sex: with observations on their manners, and on education, published this year...

16 October 1774: The Scottish poet Robert Fergusson, in his...

Building and people item

16 October 1774

The Scottish poet Robert Fergusson , in his earlies twenties, died at Edinburgh, in the city's Bedlam .
Houston, Rab. “Madness, morality, and creativity: Robert Fergusson and the social context of insanity in eighteenth-century Scotland”. Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
22
, No. 1, 1999, pp. 133-54.
133-5

Sarah Williams

SW had a short and promising career in the late 1860s as a writer of journalism, poetry, and fiction aimed at both children and adults. Highly regarded by other writers, her work not only ranges...

23 April 1880: Liberal William Gladstone formed the UK's...

National or international item

23 April 1880

LiberalWilliam Gladstone formed the UK's government for the second time, following a Conservative disaster in the general election.
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
491

19 July 1870: Napoleon III declared war on Prussia, initiating...

National or international item

19 July 1870

Napoleon III declared war on Prussia, initiating the Franco-Prussian War.
Hobsbawm, Eric John. The Age of Capital 1848-1875. Abacus, 1975.
92, 97
Cowie, Leonard W., and Leonard Woolfson. Years of Nationalism: European History 1815-1890. Edward Arnold, 1985.
257
Merriman, John M. “Contested Freedoms in the French Revolutions, 1830-1871”. Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century, edited by Isser Woloch, Stanford University Press, 1996, pp. 173-11.
202
Millman, Richard. British Foreign Policy and the Coming of the Franco-Prussian War. Clarendon, 1965.
194
Raymond, Dora Neill. British Policy and Opinion During the Franco-Prussian War. AMS, 1967.
66
Carr, William. The Origins of the Wars of German Unification. Longman, 1991.
205-6
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
292, 294
Dupuy, R. Ernest, and Trevor N. Dupuy. The Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present. 2nd ed., Jane’s, 1986.
832, 837

1933: Lucy Webling, as Lucy Betty MacRaye, published...

Women writers item

1933

Lucy Webling , as Lucy Betty MacRaye, published her first novel, One Way Street.
“Contemporary Authors”. Gale Databases: Literature Resource Centre-LRC.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

31 October 1863: The first and only issue of a shilling periodical,...

Writer or writing item

31 October 1863

The first and only issue of a shilling periodical, The English Girls' Journal and Ladies' Magazine: A Weekly Illustrated Book for Every Dwelling, appeared in London.
Palmegiano, Eugenia M. Women and British Periodicals, 1832-1867: A Bibliography. Garland, 1976.
5

September 1928: Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin while...

National or international item

September 1928

Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin while working at St Mary's Hospital in London.
Seymour, David, and Emily Seymour, editors. A Century of News. Contender Books, 2003.
Bozman, Ernest Franklin, editor. Everyman’s Encyclopaedia. 4th Edition, J. M. Dent, 1958, 12 vols.
9: 697
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

1882: Midwifery became a compulsory component of...

Building and people item

1882

Midwifery became a compulsory component of the medical curriculum; however, the regulation was not strictly adhered to for more than two decades.
Blake, Catriona, and Wendy Savage. The Charge of the Parasols: Women’s Entry to the Medical Profession. Women’s Press, 1990.
95-6

December 1945: The Committee on the Juvenile Employment...

Building and people item

December 1945

The Committee on the Juvenile Employment Service (chaired by Sir Godfrey Ince ) recommended that juvenile employment service should be established to assist boys and girls in their passage from school into the working world.
Parker, Henry Michael Denne. Manpower: A Study of War-time Policy and Administration. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1957.
367
Parker, Henry Michael Denne. Manpower: A Study of War-time Policy and Administration. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1957.
367-70

September 1884: Carl Koller gave convincing demonstrations...

Building and people item

September 1884

Carl Koller gave convincing demonstrations at the Heidelberg Ophthalmological Society that cocaine was a useful local anaesthetic for surgical procedures.
Parssinen, Terry M. Secret Passions, Secret Remedies: Narcotic Drugs in British Society 1820-1930. Institute for the Study of Human Issues, 1983.
117
Shryock, Richard Harrison. The Development of Modern Medicine: An Interpretation of the Social and Scientific Factors Involved. University of Wisconsin Press, 1979.
177
Berridge, Virginia, and Griffith Edwards. Opium and the People: Opiate Use in Nineteenth-Century England. St Martin’s Press, 1981.
219-20

13 May 1897: Women were officially prohibited from becoming...

Building and people item

13 May 1897

Women were officially prohibited from becoming church councillors at the Upper House of Canterbury Convocation of bishops.
Heeney, Brian. “The Beginnings of Church Feminism: Women and the Councils of the Church of England, 1897-1919”. Religion in the Lives of English Women, 1760-1930, edited by Gail Malmgreen, Indiana University Press, 1986, pp. 260-84.
264

1815: Sister Mary Aikenhead founded the Order of...

Building and people item

1815

Sister Mary Aikenhead founded the Order of the Irish Sisters of Charity in Dublin, primarily to provide home nursing for the poor; later the Order played an important part in girls' education.
Scanlan, Pauline. The Irish Nurse: A Study of Nursing in Ireland. Drumlin, 1991.
61
Franck, Irene, and David Brownstone. Women’s World: A Timeline of Women in History. HarperCollins; HarperPerennial, 1995.
89, 99
Dolan, Josephine A. History of Nursing. 12th ed., Saunders, 1968.
201

Early 1830: Edward Chapman and William Hall established...

Writer or writing item

Early 1830

Edward Chapman and William Hall established a bookselling business at 186 Strand, London.
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 106. Gale Research, 1991.
106: 95

By mid August 1958: The novel Doctor Zhivago by Russian writer...

Writer or writing item

By mid August 1958

The novel Doctor Zhivago by Russian writer Boris Pasternak was published in English. It had first reached print in Italian in 1957 and was not to appear in the Soviet Union until 1987, though it...

By 7 July 1852: Nathaniel Hawthorne published The Blithedale...

Writer or writing item

By 7 July 1852

Nathaniel Hawthorne published The Blithedale Romance, in two volumes.
Chamberlain, Jacob Chester, and Luther S. Livingston. A Bibliography of the First Editions in Book Form of the Writings of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Privately printed by De Vinne Press, 1908.
210
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.

1871: Prominent psychiatrist and physician G. Fielding...

Building and people item

1871

Prominent psychiatrist and physician G. Fielding Blandford theorized about the prevalence of female insanity in Insanity and Its Treatment.
Showalter, Elaine. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830-1980. Pantheon Books, 1985.
55-6, 260n20
Showalter, Elaine. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830-1980. Pantheon Books, 1985.
56

1754: The Rev. William Dodd published his novel...

Writer or writing item

1754

The Rev. William Dodd published his novel The Sisters; or, The History of Lucy and Caroline Sanson, Entrusted to a False Friend, a morally oversimplified example of the bad-sister-damned/good-sister-saved plot.
Campbell, Ann M. “Sister Plots: The Double in English Courtship Novels”. American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies (ASECS) Conference, Milwaukee, WI, 27 Mar. 1999.

2-17 September 1666: The Great Fire of London almost entirely...

National or international item

2-17 September 1666

The Great Fire of London almost entirely destroyed the medieval city.
Pepys, Samuel. Diary. Editor Wheatley, Henry B., G. Bell and Sons, 1952, 8 vols.
5: 392-411