Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Mary Somerville: 19 September 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Somerville

19 September 1838

MS and her family sailed for Italy with the hope that the mild climate would benefit her husband 's poor health.
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. “Mary Fairfax Greig Somerville (1780-1872)”. Women of Mathematics: A Biobiliographic Sourcebook, edited by Louise S. Grinstein and Paul J. Campbell, Greenwood Press, 1987, pp. 208-16.
212
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science, 1815-1840. Martinus Nijhoff, 1983.
187

24 September 1838: 250,000 people attended a Chartist meeting...

National or international item

24 September 1838

250,000 people attended a Chartist meeting at Kersal Moor, Manchester, chaired by John Fielden , MP.
Thompson, Dorothy, 1923 - 2011, editor. The Early Chartists. Macmillan, 1971.
39

Mary Bryan: 29 September 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Bryan

29 September 1838

Mary Bedingfield (formerly Bryan) died at Stowmarket in Suffolk. The Ipswich Journal reported her death a week later.

Charlotte Yonge: Autumn 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Yonge

Autumn 1838

CY was confirmed in the Church of England after several months of instruction from TractarianJohn Keble .
Christabel Coleridge wrongly gave the year as 1837, and has been followed by some other sources.
Coleridge, Christabel. Charlotte Mary Yonge: Her Life and Letters. Macmillan and Co., 1903.
144
Nadel, Ira Bruce, and William E. Fredeman, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 18. Gale Research, 1983.
18: 312
Battiscombe, Georgina, and E. M. Delafield. Charlotte Mary Yonge: The Story of an Uneventful Life. Constable and Company, 1943.
53-4

Charlotte Yonge: Autumn 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Yonge

Autumn 1838

CY 's first published work appeared when she was fifteen, within a month of her confirmation: Le Château de Melville; ou, Récréations du Cabinet d'Étude, written to raise money for the church school at Otterbourne.
Battiscombe, Georgina, and E. M. Delafield. Charlotte Mary Yonge: The Story of an Uneventful Life. Constable and Company, 1943.
57
Delafield, E. M., and Georgina Battiscombe. “Introduction”. Charlotte Mary Yonge: The Story of an Uneventful Life, Constable and Company, 1943, pp. 9-15.
15

Elizabeth Rigby: October 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Rigby

October 1838

ER sailed from England for Reval in the Baltic Provinces (now Tallinn in Estonia but then in Russia), via Kristiansand, Copenhagen, and St Petersburg, to visit her sister who was married to an Estonian baron.
Lochhead, Marion C. Elizabeth Rigby, Lady Eastlake. John Murray, 1961.
11-13
Garver, Joseph. “Lady Eastlake’s ’Livonian’ Fiction”. Studia Neophilologica, Vol.
51
, 1979, pp. 17-29.
17

Ann Hatton: October 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Ann Hatton

October 1838

AH addressed some verses to her old friend the Swansea doctor Douglas Cohen .
Highfill, Philip H. et al. A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1973–1993.
7: 175

October 1838: A shilling monthly for women entitled the...

Writing climate item

October 1838

A shilling monthly for women entitled the Ladies' Gazette of Fashion began publication in London.
Palmegiano, Eugenia M. Women and British Periodicals, 1832-1867: A Bibliography. Garland, 1976.
9

L. E. L.: 15 October 1838

Women writers item
Author event in L. E. L.

15 October 1838

Less than two months after arriving in Africa and only four after her wedding, LEL was discovered lying lifeless in her room, in what seemed to be suspicious circumstances.
L. E. L. “Critical Materials”. Letitia Elizabeth Landon: Selected Writings, edited by Jerome McGann and Daniel Riess, Broadview, 1997, p. various pages.
33
Stephenson, Glennis. Letitia Landon: The Woman Behind L.E.L. Manchester University Press, 1995.
51

Jane Welsh Carlyle: November 1838

Writing climate item
Author event in Jane Welsh Carlyle

November 1838

The Monthly Chronicle published Leigh Hunt 's poem—inspired by a kiss from JWC —Rondeau or Jenny Kissed Me.
“Archive: Leigh Hunt (1784 - 1859)”. Poetry Foundation.
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.
485
Hunt, Leigh. “Rondeau, 1838”. University of Toronto Libraries: Representative Poetry Online (RPO), edited by Ian Lancashire.

Eliza Dunlop: 5 November 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Eliza Dunlop

5 November 1838

ED published in The Australian a poem called The Dream, the first of three poems featured there this month about her native land of Ireland. It launched a series she titled Songs of...

Anne Grant: 7 November 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Grant

7 November 1838

AG died at her house in Manor Place, Edinburgh, after a bout of influenza, but exempted from pain or suffering of any kind, bodily or mental,
qtd. in
Wilson, James Grant, and Anne Grant. “Preface, Memoir of Mrs. Grant”. Memoirs of an American Lady, edited by James Grant Wilson and James Grant Wilson, Books for Libraries Press, 1972, p. ix - xxxvi.
xxxi
according to her surviving son.
Wilson, James Grant, and Anne Grant. “Preface, Memoir of Mrs. Grant”. Memoirs of an American Lady, edited by James Grant Wilson and James Grant Wilson, Books for Libraries Press, 1972, p. ix - xxxvi.
xxx
Paston, George, and George Paston. “Mrs. Grant of Laggan”. Little Memoirs of the Eighteenth Century, E. P. Dutton, 1901, pp. 237-96.
296

Charles Dickens: 9 November 1838

Writing climate item
Author event in Charles Dickens

9 November 1838

CD , as Boz , published in three volumes his novelistic attack on the New Poor Law of 1834, Oliver Twist; it had appeared in Bentley's Miscellany from February 1837.
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

Charlotte Guest: By 17 November 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Guest

By 17 November 1838

Lady CG published the first part of her Mabinogion project, an Arthurian romance entitled The Lady of the Fountain. On this day, newly back from abroad, she picked up a copy at Longman's .
Guest, Charlotte. Extracts from her Journal, 1833–1852. Editor Bessborough, Vere Brabazon Ponsonby, Earl of, John Murray, 1950.
84
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

17 November 1838-February 1840: Hostile Boer engagements in Natal ended in...

National or international item

17 November 1838-February 1840

Hostile Boer engagements in Natal ended in the defeat of the Zulus under their leader Dingaan ; he was then replaced by a rival who accepted Boer rule.
Keller, Helen, editor. The Dictionary of Dates. Macmillan, 1934, 2 vols.
I: 681
Langer, William L., editor. An Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged. 4th ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1968.
885

Lucy Toulmin Smith: 21 November 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Lucy Toulmin Smith

21 November 1838

LTS was born in Boston, Massachusetts, of English parents.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Harriet Martineau: December 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Harriet Martineau

December 1838

HM 's history of US opposition to slavery, The Martyr Age of the United States, appeared in the London and Westminster Review with the initials H. M.; it was issued as a pamphlet in 1840.
Rivlin, Joseph B. Harriet Martineau: A Bibliography of Her Separately Printed Books. New York Public Library, 1947.
108

Susanna Moodie: 1838

Writing climate item
Author event in Susanna Moodie

1838

SM 's husband sold some of her verses to a Toronto paper, The Palladium; later that year she began her long association with Montreal's Literary Garland.
Gray, Charlotte. Sisters in the Wilderness: The Lives of Susanna Moodie and Catharine Parr Traill. Viking, 1999.
136-7

Susanna Moodie: December 1838-after August 1851

Writing climate item
Author event in Susanna Moodie

December 1838-after August 1851

SM was the most prolific contributor during the life of the MontrealLiterary Garland.
Milner, Nina. “Susanna Moodie (1803-1885)”. Canadian Poetry Archive: National Library of Canada.
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

December 1838: The Nottingham Female Political Union issued...

National or international item

December 1838

The Nottingham Female Political Union issued the first political address by women Chartists.
Schwarzkopf, Jutta. Women in the Chartist Movement. St Martin’s Press, 1991.
89

Flora Tristan: 10 December 1838

Writing climate item
Author event in Flora Tristan

10 December 1838

FT presented a petition against capital punishment, Dieu Franchise Liberté: pétition pour l'abolition de la peine de mort, to the French Chambre des Députés ; it was published that year by Madame Huzard in Paris.
Cross, Máire, and Tim Gray. The Feminism of Flora Tristan. Berg, 1992.
172

Eliza Dunlop: 13 December 1838

Writing climate item
Author event in Eliza Dunlop

13 December 1838

ED had been in Australia for about ten months when she published in The Australian the poem which is still her best-known, The Aboriginal Mother, about the infamous Myall Creek massacre.
Hansord, Katie. “A Forgotten Colonial Woman Poet”. Tinteán, 6 Nov. 2015.
“History”. Mulla Villa, 2016.

13 December 1838: The Australian printed the best-known poem...

Writing climate item

13 December 1838

The Australian printed the best-known poem by the Irish-born Australian poet Eliza Dunlop : The Aboriginal Mother, whose subject was suggested by the terrible massacre at Myall Creek that same year.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Dunlop, Eliza. The Aboriginal Mother and Other Poems. Mulini Press, 1981.

Annabella Plumptre: 18 December 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Annabella Plumptre

18 December 1838

AP died in her late seventies at Rennes in France, having outlived her sister Anne by twenty years.
Lonsdale, Roger, editor. Eighteenth-Century Women Poets. Oxford University Press, 1990.
493

Eliza Cook: By 22 December 1838

Women writers item
Author event in Eliza Cook

By 22 December 1838

EC published her second and most successful volume of verse, Melaia, and Other Poems.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
582 (1838): 914
Armstrong, Isobel et al., editors. Nineteenth-Century Women Poets. Clarendon Press, 1996.
359