Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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10 May 1786: The Times (not yet using its final and best-known...

Building item

10 May 1786

The Times (not yet using its final and best-known title) published the first of a three-year series of accounts complaining of the high numbers of prostitutes, especially child prostitutes.
Henderson, Tony. Disorderly Women. Longman, 1999.
21

Leah Sumbel: 11 May 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Leah Sumbel

11 May 1786

Mary Wells (later LS ) played for her own benefit in Small Talk; or The Westminster Boy, a farce by her lover Edward Topham ; the theatre was closed by a riot.
The London Stage 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960–1968, 5 vols.
5: 885

Hannah Cowley: 30 May 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Hannah Cowley

30 May 1786

HC 's The Scottish Village: or, Pitcairne Green. A Poem was published in two separate issues, one with the title-page dated 1787.
Norton, J. E. “Some Uncollected Authors XVI: Hannah Cowley 1743-1809”. The Book Collector, Vol.
7
, 1958, pp. 68-76.
74-5

Charlotte Smith: Spring 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Smith

Spring 1786

CS published a two-volume translation, Manon L'Eescaut, or, The Fatal Attachment, from the abbé Prévost 's novel of 1731 (revised 1753). She had made her version in Normandy; it may have first appeared...

Ann Taylor Gilbert: June 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Ann Taylor Gilbert

June 1786

Ann Taylor (later ATG ) and her sister Jane, still very young, left London with their parents for Lavenham in Suffolk.
Gilbert, Ann Taylor. Autobiography and Other Memorials of Mrs. Gilbert. Editor Gilbert, Josiah, H. S. King, 1874, 2 vols., http://U of A, HSS Ruth N .
1: 18

Anna Maria Mackenzie: By June 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Maria Mackenzie

By June 1786

A Mrs Johnson (author of Juliana and The Platonic Guardian, who was not Anna Maria Cox, later Johnson, later again Mackenzie ), published Francis, The Philanthropist: An Unfashionable Tale, in three volumes through...

June 1786: In France, Gracchus Babeuf (formerly known...

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June 1786

In France, Gracchus Babeuf (formerly known by his baptismal name of François-Noël Babeuf) drafted a letter expressing strong views on the slavery of wives, the need for marriage reforms, and women's education.
Birchall, Ian H. “Babeuf and the Oppression of Women”. Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
20
, 1997, pp. 63-75.
63-8

Susanna Blamire: 4 June 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Susanna Blamire

4 June 1786

In a poem composed at Thackwood entitled Written on a Gloomy day, in Sickness, SB likened herself to a dying plant with drooping head.
Blamire, Susanna. The Poetical Works. Woodstock Books, 1994.
88-9

7 June 1786: During the absence abroad of William Beckford,...

Writing climate item

7 June 1786

During the absence abroad of William Beckford , his tutor Samuel Henley anonymously published his own English translation of Vathek, an Oriental gothic tale which Beckford had originally written in French.
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.
James, Jamie. “The Caliph of Fonthill”. The American Scholar, Vol.
72
, No. 1, 1 Dec. 2003–28 Feb. 2004, pp. 67-79.
70

Phebe Gibbes: June 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Phebe Gibbes

June 1786

PG published anonymously Elfrida; or, Paternal Ambition. A Novel.
Garside, Peter et al., editors. The English Novel 1770-1829. Oxford University Press, 2000, 2 vols.
1: 379
Gentleman’s Magazine. Various publishers.
56 (1786): 511

Sarah Trimmer: 18 June 1786

Building item
Author event in Sarah Trimmer

18 June 1786

The Sunday School set up by ST at Brentford for poor children opened its doors.
Trimmer, Sarah. Some Account of the Life and Writings of Mrs. Trimmer. F.C and J. Rivington and J. Johnson, and J. Hatchard, 1814, 2 vols.
1: 111
Trimmer, Sarah. The Œconomy of Charity. T. Longman, 1787.
127

Elizabeth Inchbald: 20 June 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Inchbald

20 June 1786

The Widow's Vow, an afterpiece adapted by EI , had its first performance, following Nicholas Rowe 's Jane Shore at the Haymarket Theatre : it was published the same year.
The London Stage 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960–1968, 5 vols.
5: 895

Anna Letitia Barbauld: July 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Letitia Barbauld

July 1786

ALB and her husband embarked on a series of lodgings in London before settling in Hampstead.
McCarthy, William et al. “Introduction”. The Poems of Anna Letitia Barbauld, University of Georgia Press, 1994, p. xxi - xlvi.
xliv
Rodgers, Betsy. Georgian Chronicle: Mrs Barbauld and her Family. Methuen, 1958.
97
McCarthy, William. Anna Letitia Barbauld, Voice of the Enlightenment. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.
260

Helen Maria Williams: By July 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Helen Maria Williams

By July 1786

HMW published her Poems, with about 1570 subscribers, dedicated to Queen Charlotte .
The British Library Catalogue on-line lists two volumes of separately-issued Sonnets, 11644.bb.10 and 011604.ee.65, no date or details given.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
62 (1786): 62
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

Caroline Frances Cornwallis : 12 July 1786

Women writers item

12 July 1786

CFC was born at Wittersham in Kent.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Mary Robinson: 14 July 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Robinson

14 July 1786

London newspapers erroneously reported that MR had died.
Robinson, Mary. “Introduction”. Perdita: The Memoirs of Mary Robinson, edited by Moses Joseph Levy, Peter Owen, 1994.
xii

Frances Burney: 17 July 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Burney

17 July 1786

FB betook herself, with a visit en route to Mary Delany , to begin her work as Keeper of the Robes to Queen Charlotte .
Doody, Margaret Anne. Frances Burney: The Life in the Works. Cambridge University Press, 1988.
171

Maria Barrell: 22 July 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Maria Barrell

22 July 1786

According to another plea by MB to the Commissioners for American Loyalists, she arrived in the King's Bench debtors' prison in London on this day, having been arrested for debt. When she published her...

Eliza Fletcher: From 23 July 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Eliza Fletcher

From 23 July 1786

Eliza Dawson (later EF ) kept a sentimental journal
Fletcher, Eliza. Autobiography of Mrs. Fletcher, of Edinburgh. Editor Richardson, Mary, Lady, Printed at the offices of C. Thurman for private circulation, 1874.
24
of the first of her many tours in the Highlands of Scotland.
Fletcher, Eliza. Autobiography of Mrs. Fletcher, of Edinburgh. Editor Richardson, Mary, Lady, Printed at the offices of C. Thurman for private circulation, 1874.
23-4

31 July 1786: Robert Burns published his Poems, Chiefly...

Writing climate item

31 July 1786

Robert Burns published his Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect at Kilmarnock in Ayrshire in an edition of 612 copies.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
63 (1787): 387-8
Lindsay, Maurice. Robert Burns: The Man, His Work, and the Legend. Robert Hale, 1970.
116
Buchan, James. “That sh—te Creech”. London Review of Books, 5 Apr. 2007, pp. 13-14.
13

2 August 1786: A working-class woman named Margaret Nicholson...

National or international item

2 August 1786

A working-class woman named Margaret Nicholson tried to stab George III with a knife outside St James's Palace; she had no political motive.
Gentleman’s Magazine. Various publishers.
56 (1786): 708

Caroline Herschel : 3 August 1786, 1 a.m.

Building item
Author event in Caroline Herschel

3 August 1786, 1 a.m.

Under clearing skies CH confirmed that a celestial object first spotted the night before was indeed a comet. She did not go to rest until she had shared her discovery with Charles Blagden and Alexander Aubert

20 August 1786: Calonne, French Finance Minister, informed...

National or international item

20 August 1786

Calonne , French Finance Minister, informed Louis XVI that the state was in financial crisis and submitted proposals for economic reforms to him.
Lefebvre, Georges. The French Revolution. Routledge and K. Paul, 1962.
98-9
Soboul, Albert. The French Revolution 1787-1799. Translators Forrest, Alan and Colin Jones, Vintage, 1975.
100-2
Paxton, John. Companion to the French Revolution. Facts on File, 1988.
213

Mary Wollstonecraft: Autumn 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Wollstonecraft

Autumn 1786

Having been forced to close her own school, MW finished writing her Thoughts on the Education of Daughters.
Kelly, Gary. Revolutionary Feminism: The Mind and Career of Mary Wollstonecraft. Macmillan, 1992.
28-9

Jane West: By September 1786

Women writers item
Author event in Jane West

By September 1786

JW published, with her name listed as Mrs. West, Miscellaneous Poetry . . . Written at an early Period of Life.
Critical Review. W. Simpkin and R. Marshall, 5 series.
62 (1786): 231