Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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8 February 1587: Mary Queen of Scots was executed at Fotheringay...

National or international item

8 February 1587

Mary Queen of Scots was executed at Fotheringay Castle in England.
Guy, John. “The Tudor Age (1485-1603)”. Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, edited by Kenneth O. Morgan, Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 223-85.
251
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
161
Haydn, Joseph. Haydn’s Dictionary of Dates and Universal Information. Editor Vincent, Benjamin, 23rd ed., Ward, Lock, 1904.
425

Probably summer 1587: Christopher Marlowe's two-part tragedy Tamburlaine...

Writing climate item

Probably summer 1587

Christopher Marlowe 's two-part tragedy Tamburlaine the Great was probably first produced. It was published in 1590.
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Lady Mary Wroth: 18 October 1587

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Mary Wroth

18 October 1587

Mary Sidney (later LMW ) was born, most probably at Baynards Castle, the London base of her family.
Hannay, Margaret P. Mary Sidney, Lady Wroth. Ashgate, 2010.
20-1
Roberts, Josephine A., and Lady Mary Wroth. “Introduction and Notes”. The Poems of Lady Mary Wroth, Louisiana State University Press, 1983, pp. 3 - 75, 219.
3, 6

1588: Elizabeth I licensed a company for trading...

National or international item

1588

Elizabeth I licensed a company for trading to Africa.
Haydn, Joseph. Haydn’s Dictionary of Dates and Universal Information. Editor Vincent, Benjamin, 23rd ed., Ward, Lock, 1904.
under Africa

1588: Paper-making, which had died out in England,...

Writing climate item

1588

Paper-making, which had died out in England, was re-introduced at Dartford in Kent.
Norris, F. H. Paper and Paper Making. Oxford University Press, 1952.
1

Lady Arbella Stuart: 8 February 1588

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Arbella Stuart

8 February 1588

LAS wrote her earliest extant letter, to her Good Lady GrandmotherBess of Hardwick .
Stuart, Lady Arbella. The Letters of Lady Arbella Stuart. Editor Steen, Sara Jayne, Oxford University Press, 1994.
119

26 July 1588: Queen Elizabeth granted a patent or royal...

Building item

26 July 1588

Queen Elizabeth granted a patent or royal licence for the first system of real shoirthand, invented by the writing-master Peter Bales and by Timothy Bright .

Queen Elizabeth I: 9 August 1588

Women writers item
Author event in Queen Elizabeth I

9 August 1588

QEI delivered the speech containing probably the most famous of her words, at Tilbury on the Thames estuary, to troops ready to embark against the Spanish Armada.
Elizabeth I, Queen. Elizabeth I: Collected Works. Editors Marcus, Leah S. et al., University of Chicago Press, 2000.
325

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke: 23 August 1588

Writing climate item

23 August 1588

Mary Sidney 's publisher, William Ponsonby , entered The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia (by her brother Philip ) in the Stationers' Register .
The title refers to the fact that the work was addressed to...

By the end of August 1588: The attempted invasion of England by Philip...

National or international item

By the end of August 1588

The attempted invasion of England by Philip II 's Spanish Armada was defeated.
Guy, John. “The Tudor Age (1485-1603)”. Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, edited by Kenneth O. Morgan, Oxford University Press, 1984, pp. 223-85.
270

Late 1588: A series of anonymous anti-episcopal publications...

Building item

Late 1588

A series of anonymous anti-episcopal publications called the Marprelate Tracts provoked new licensing to restrain the press. The controversy dragged on, and one of the authors, John Penry , was hanged on 29 May 1593...

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke: November 1588

Women writers item

November 1588

After two years at Wilton House in mourning for her brother , Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke , came back to London.
Hannay, Margaret P. Philip’s Phoenix: Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke. Oxford University Press, 1990, http://U of A HSS.
ix

Jane Anger: 1589

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Anger

1589

There was published a satirical seventeen-page feministpolemic, printed in black-letter: Jane Anger her Protection for Women.
Black letter is a font or typeface, another name in this context for gothic.
Anger, Jane. Jane Anger her Protection for Women. Richard Jones and Thomas Orwin, 1589.
title-page

1589: Richard Hakluyt published Principall Navigations,...

Writing climate item

1589

Richard Hakluyt published Principall Navigations, Voiages, and Discoveries of the English Nation.
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

28 March 1589: A child named Sarah Glascock died after six...

Building item

28 March 1589

A child named Sarah Glascock died after six weeks' languishing; despite a persuasive defence, Joan Prentice was found guilty of bewitching her and sentenced to hang.
Purkiss, Diane. The Witch in History: early modern and twentieth-century representations. Routledge, 1996.
168-9, 176n91

7 April 1589: Richard Puttenham published The Arte of English...

Writing climate item

7 April 1589

Richard Puttenham published The Arte of English Poesie.
Sidney, Sir Philip. “Critical Materials”. The Poems of Sir Philip Sidney, edited by William A., Jr Ringler, Clarendon Press, 1962, p. various pages.
563

Margaret Hoby: By May 1589

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Hoby

By May 1589

Margaret Dakins (later MH ), who was an heiress, was married at about seventeen to Walter Devereux , son of the Earl of Essex and younger brother of the Elizabethan courtier Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex .
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.

Anne Dowriche: 25 July 1589

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Dowriche

25 July 1589

AD dated the preface to her translated narrative poem The French Historie, in couplets in the poulter's measure, about the religious wars in France; it appeared in print this year, with her initials.
“Dictionary of Literary Biography online”. Gale Databases: Literature Resource Center-LRC.
172

Anne Dowriche: Later 1589

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Dowriche

Later 1589

AD 's A Frencheman's Songe was licensed; it does not appear that it was ever published.
Feminist Companion Archive.

Christopher Marlowe: 18 September 1589

Writing climate item
Author event in Christopher Marlowe

18 September 1589

One William Bradley was killed in a series of fights with sword and dagger, involving CM and another man, Thomas Watson , who apparently gave the fatal blow.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Late 1589: Italian poet Battista Guarini published his...

Writing climate item

Late 1589

Italian poet Battista Guarini published his pastoral tragi-comedy Il Pastor Fido (The Faithful Shepherd), designed to rival his friend Torquato Tasso 's Aminta, 1581.
“The Catholic Encyclopedia”. New Advent.

Elizabeth Avery: Probably during the 1590s

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Avery

Probably during the 1590s

Elizabeth Parker (later EA ) was born. She was one of three surviving children, having a sister, Sarah, and a brother, Thomas.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Lady Eleanor Douglas: 1590

Women writers item
Author event in Lady Eleanor Douglas

1590

Lady Eleanor Touchet (later Davies, later Douglas) was born, the fifth and youngest daughter in her family; she later acquired two younger brothers.
Cope, Esther S. Handmaid of the Holy Spirit: Dame Eleanor Davies, Never Soe Mad a Ladie. University of Michigan Press, 1992.
7, 14
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke: 1590

Writing climate item

1590

Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke , Fulke Greville , and others published the first printing of the Arcadia by her late brother Philip , perhaps with her editing, up to midway in book three.
Hannay, Margaret P. Philip’s Phoenix: Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke. Oxford University Press, 1990, http://U of A HSS.
71

Anne Locke: 1590

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Locke

1590

The former AL published a translation from the French of Jean Taffin : Of the Markes of the Children of God, with her current married name (Anne Prowse).
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.