Women’s Writing in the British Isles from the Beginnings to the Present
Virginia Woolf
-
Standard Name: Woolf, Virginia
Birth Name: Adeline Virginia Stephen
Nickname: Ginia
Married Name: Adeline Virginia Woolf
Thousands of readers over three or four generations have known that Virginia Woolf was—by a beadle—denied access to the library of a great university. They may have known, too, that she was a leading intellect of the twentieth century. If they are feminist readers they will know that she thought . . . back through her mothers and also sideways through her sisters and that she contributed more than any other in the twentieth century to the recovery of women's writing.
Marcus, Jane. “Introduction”. New Feminist Essays on Virginia Woolf, edited by Jane Marcus, Macmillan, 1981, p. i - xx.
xiv
Educated in her father's library and in a far more than usually demanding school of life, she radically altered the course not only of the English tradition but also of the several traditions of literature in English.
Froula, Christine. Virginia Woolf and the Bloomsbury Avant-Garde. Columbia University Press, 2005.
2
She wrote prodigiously—nine published novels, as well as stories, essays (including two crucial books on feminism, its relation to education and to war), diaries, letters, biographies (both serious and burlesque), and criticism. As a literary journalist in a wide range of forums, she addressed the major social issues of her time in more than a million words.
Woolf, Virginia. “Introduction; Editorial Note”. The Essays of Virginia Woolf, edited by Andrew McNeillie, Hogarth Press, 1986–1994, pp. vols. 1 - 4: various pages.
ix
She left a richly documented life in words, inventing a modern fiction, theorising modernity, writing the woman into the picture. She built this outstandingly influential work, which has had its impact on both writing and life, on her personal experience, and her fictions emerge to a striking degree from her life, her gender, and her moment in history. In a sketch of her career written to Ethel Smyth
she said that a short story called An Unwritten Novelwas the great discovery . . . . That—again in one second—showed me how I could embody all my deposit of experience in a shape that fitted it.
Woolf, Virginia. The Letters of Virginia Woolf. Editors Nicolson, Nigel and Joanne Trautmann, Hogarth Press, 1975–1980, 6 vols.
Early in the year that war broke out, RF
and her husband, Arthur McGrath
, decided to leave England and settle on the Out-Island of Eleuthera in the Bahamas, a spot beside Grannie Long Pond...
Residence
E. M. Delafield
Virginia Woolf
did, however, visit EMD
, and wrote to her niece in November 1935 that Delafield lives in an old house like a character in Jane Austen
; whom she adores. But she has...
Textual Features
Sylvia Plath
Plath took the idea for her meditative voices from Woolf
's The Waves. Her women speak from a maternity ward, where their experience of motherhood is mixed and their emotions tumultuous, to say the...
Textual Features
Maggie Gee
This lecture deals with various ways of being silenced: particularly, though not only, for her own gender and her own nationality. The English, she says, tend to fall silent in face of a long list...
Textual Features
Mary Renault
Lesbianism had been the subject of novels in the 1920s and 30s. Virginia Woolf
's Mrs. Dalloway and Elizabeth Bowen
's The Hotel had both been criticised (the latter severely) for sympathetic treatments of emotional...
Textual Features
E. M. Forster
This novel is remarkable for its witty treatment of the philosophical conundrum of the material reality of objects (later touched on by Virginia Woolf
in To the Lighthouse) and its glorification of the chalk...
Textual Features
Anne Manning
A recent critic, pointing to the theological correctness of the way the fictional Askew accepts her burden of martyrdom, classes this work with other sectarian, Protestant Reformation novels.
Burstein, Miriam Elizabeth. “Reviving the Reformation: Victorian women writers and the Protestant historical novel”. Women’s Writing, Vol.
12
, No. 1, 2005, pp. 73-83.
79
It is nevertheless also true...
Textual Features
Dorothy Richardson
In addition to her chosen themes, DR
also charts the development of female consciousness through her literary techniques, which strongly disrupt gender, generic, and linguistic conventions. In her 1938 foreword to Pilgrimage, she recalls...
Textual Features
Willa Cather
Here she complains that the modern novel has been taken over by [t]he property-man, by an obsession with the vivid presentation of material objects.
Cather, Willa. On Writing. Editor Tennant, Stephen, Alfred A. Knopf, 1949.
This wide-ranging and somewhat disjointed work, explicitly addressed to women (These pages are not addressed to the masculine mind),
Robins, Elizabeth. Ancilla’s Share. Second Edition, Hyperion Press, 1976.
47
sets out the dangers of assuming that gender equality has now been achieved...
Textual Features
W. H. Auden
It is no wonder than that Auden is an entertaining critic, with a penchant for the gnomic whether in titles (his essay on detective stories is called The Guilty Vicarage; his essay on Kafka
Textual Features
Anne Stevenson
In the title-poem, each of five stanzas ends with a version of the first closing lines: we thought we were living now, / but we were living then.
Stevenson, Anne. Selected Poems, 1956-1986. Oxford University Press, 1987.
128
These we, it seems, are...
Textual Features
Mary Lavin
It has been said to show traits of Clarissa Dalloway and other fictional portraits by Woolf
.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
Thomas Kilroy
quotes it as proving the truth of ML
's statement that her stories often...
Textual Features
Alice Meynell
The title essay links the colour of life to the weight, density, and lushness of the body and its skin. AM
writes that the true colour of life is not red. . . . The...
Textual Features
Gladys Henrietta Schütze
The Roundabout opens with the friendship between Anne Few and Jessica Thorn, who are living together for a year in a London studio while they try to become painters (an ambition in which Jessica takes...