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Pat Barker

PB is a contemporary writer of fiction (novels, linked tales, and short stories) who began publishing about women's lives but has made her special subject-matter the working-class culture of northern industrial towns and the experience...

Katharine S. Macquoid

Katharine S. Macquoid 's prolific writing career (over sixty books, as well as contributions to periodicals) spanned the last four decades of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth. She was chiefly...

By 1879: Electric street lighting was introduced in...

Building and people item

By 1879

Electric street lighting was introduced in London, on the north side of the Embankment and Waterloo Bridge.
Palmer, Alan, and Veronica Palmer. The Chronology of British History. Century, 1992.
303
Hennessey, Roger Anthony Sean. The Electric Revolution. Oriel, 1971.
8-9, 11-12

May 1874: In the Fortnightly Review, Dr Elizabeth Garrett...

Women writers item

May 1874

In the Fortnightly Review, Dr Elizabeth Garrett Anderson refuted Henry Maudsley 's argument against women's medical schooling in his article Sex in Mind and in Education.
Collie, Michael. Henry Maudsley: Victorian Psychiatrist. West End House, 1988, http://HSS.
51

Early 1918: The League of Free Nations Association was...

National or international item

Early 1918

The League of Free Nations Association was founded to promote the idea of a league formed from the existing military alliance of nations who were fighting against Germany.
Ceadel, Martin. Pacifism in Britain, 1914-1945 : The Defining of a Faith. Clarendon, 1980, http://U of A HSS.
Appendix I

5 February 1597: Francis Bacon's volume of Essayes, Religious...

Writer or writing item

5 February 1597

Francis Bacon 's volume of Essayes, Religious Meditations, Places of perswasion and disswasion, was published.
Cox, Michael, editor. The Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2002, 2 vols.

January 1915: A Russian victory over an Ottoman army hastened...

National or international item

January 1915

A Russian victory over an Ottoman army hastened the collapse of the Ottoman Empire ruled by Turkey; the need for a scapegoat precipitated massacres of Armenians, which were worse than those of 1894-6.
Mazower, Mark. “The G-Word”. London Review of Books, 8 Feb. 2001, pp. 19-21.
19-20
Anderson, Perry. “Kemalism”. London Review of Books, Vol.
30
, No. 17, 11 Sept. 2008, pp. 3-12.
6-7

30 July 1949: Following a report of 1945, the Legal Aid...

Building and people item

30 July 1949

Following a report of 1945, the Legal Aid and Advice Act received royal assent. It replaced a previously patchy or inadequate system with public funding for all those unable to pay a solicitor.
Hansard 1803-2005. http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/.
Legal Aid and Advice Act 1949

May 1915: Irish art collector Hugh Lane, nephew of...

Building and people item

May 1915

Irish art collector Hugh Lane , nephew of Augusta Gregory , died suddenly by drowning, leaving his international art collection to the National Gallery of England, the Dublin National Gallery having earlier refused to...

1823: William Huskisson, as MP for Liverpool and...

Building and people item

1823

William Huskisson , as MP for Liverpool and President of the Board of Trade , secured the equalization of customs duties in Britain and Ireland, a big step on the road towards free trade.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.
under Huskisson

1922: Helen Hamilton's Mountain Madness relates...

Women writers item

1922

Helen Hamilton 's Mountain Madness relates her adventures climbing in the French Alps and the Lake District.
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

1870: Eleanor Ormerod was awarded the Flora Medal...

National or international item

1870

Eleanor Ormerod was awarded the Flora Medal by the Royal Horticultural Society for her collection of insects.
Franck, Irene, and David Brownstone. Women’s World: A Timeline of Women in History. HarperCollins; HarperPerennial, 1995.
163
Alic, Margaret. Hypatia’s Heritage: A History of Women in Science. Women’s Press, 1985.
116-17

By 23 November 1861: A hosiery-maker from Leicester, Ruth Wills,...

Women writers item

By 23 November 1861

A hosiery-maker from Leicester, Ruth Wills , published Lays of Lowly Life.
Boos, Florence S. “The ’Queen’ of the ’Far-Famed Penny Post’: ’The Factory Girl Poet’ and Her Audience”. Women’s Writing, Vol.
10
, No. 3, 2003, pp. 503-26.
Boos 526
Boos, Florence S. “The ’Queen’ of the ’Far-Famed Penny Post’: ’The Factory Girl Poet’ and Her Audience”. Women’s Writing, Vol.
10
, No. 3, 2003, pp. 503-26.
Boos 521

1956: The first Clean Air Act introduced levels...

Building and people item

1956

The first Clean Air Act introduced levels of acceptable pollution for industry and set limits to domestic burning of wood or untreated coal in urban areas.
Saint, Andrew. “Successive Applications of Sticking-Plaster”. London Review of Books, 1 Nov. 2001, pp. 30-1.
30

1949: Human sperm was first frozen in the United...

Building and people item

1949

Human sperm was first frozen in the United States using liquid nitrogen.
Chen, Serena H., and Edward E. Wallach. “Five Decades of Progress in Management of the Infertile Couple”. Fertility and Sterility, Vol.
62
, No. 4, Oct. 1994, pp. 665-85.
667
Wood, Clive. Vasectomy and Sterilization. Temple Smith, 1974.
142

May 1844: Thomas Hood published The Bridge of Sighs,...

Writer or writing item

May 1844

Thomas Hood published The Bridge of Sighs, which was invoked repeatedly in Victorian treatments of the fallen woman.
Jerrold, Walter. Thomas Hood: His Life and Times. Greenwood Press, 1969.
379
Reid, John Cowie. Thomas Hood. Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1963.
215, 213, 258
Hood, Thomas. Selected Poems of Thomas Hood. Editor Clubbe, John, Harvard University Press, 1970.
28, 392, 317
Jerrold indicates that Mary Furley was given a...

5 November 1686: Mother Frances Bedingfield (using, for safety,...

Building and people item

5 November 1686

Mother Frances Bedingfield (using, for safety, the alias Frances Long) signed the contract for the purchase of property on the site of the present Bar Convent in York, to use as a girls' school .
Gregory, M., and Isobel Grundy. Email about Mother Mary Davies to Isobel Grundy. 19 Apr. 2002.
Lerner, Gerda. The Creation of Feminist Consciousness: From the Middle Ages to Eighteen-Seventy. Oxford University Press, 1993.
199

1801: The Theological Magazine, a Dissenting journal,...

Writer or writing item

1801

The Theological Magazine, a Dissenting journal, began publishing; it ran till about 1814.
White, Daniel E. “The Joineriana: Anna Barbauld, the Aikin Family Circle, and the Dissenting Public Sphere”. Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
32
, No. 4, 1999, pp. 511-33.
531n25

1699: Golden Square in London was built as an exclusive...

Building and people item

1699

Golden Square in London was built as an exclusive upper-class development; by the 1770s it had lost its cachet.
Henderson, Tony. Disorderly Women. Longman, 1999.
68

1979: The cover of M. M. Kaye's The Far Pavilions...

Writer or writing item

1979

The cover of M. M. Kaye 's The Far Pavilions in Penguin paperback (the year after its original publication) shocked Penguin's established constituency with its picture of a couple (the man with bare torso) kissing.
Campbell, Peter. “At the V & A”. London Review of Books, 2 June 2005, p. 33.
33

1950: Grace Robertson, a noted photojournalist...

Building and people item

1950

Grace Robertson , a noted photojournalist whose work is held by many galleries, began her tenure with Picture Post.
“Women’s History Timeline”. BBC: Radio 4: Woman’s Hour.

1966: The Times was taken over by Canadian magnate...

Writer or writing item

1966

The Times was taken over by Canadian magnate Roy Thomson (who already owned the British group Kemsley Newspapers ).
Stevens, Ronald. “A Different Sort of Tory”. London Review of Books, 12 Dec. 2002, pp. 16-17.
16

12 October 2015: The film Suffragette opened at the London...

Building and people item

12 October 2015

The film Suffragette opened at the London Film Festival, written by Abi Morgan and directed by Sarah Gavron .
Elliott, Edward. “Deeds not words: Forthright new film ’Suffragette’ feels like a fiery call to arms”. Oxford Today, 16 Oct. 2015.

1870s: By this date, newspapers and periodicals...

Building and people item

1870s

By this date, newspapers and periodicals were regularly accepting advertisements for female hygiene products such as Southall's Sanitary Towels.
Hindley, Diana, and Geoffrey Hindley. Advertising in Victorian England 1837-1901. Wayland, 1972.
120

November 1981: The lesbian magazineSappho ended publication...

Building and people item

November 1981

The lesbian magazine Sappho ended publication in London.
Doughan, David, and Denise Sanchez. Feminist Periodicals, 1855-1984. Harvester Press, 1987.
83