Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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1848: The Young Men's Missionary Association was...

Building item

1848

The Young Men's Missionary Association was founded by Baptists.
Prochaska, F. K. Women and Philanthropy in Nineteenth-Century England. Clarendon, 1980.
80

1848: The curriculum at the Female School of the...

Building item

1848

The curriculum at the Female School of the government Schools of Design was made more feminine.
Marsh, Jan, and Pamela Gerrish Nunn. Women Artists and the Pre-Raphaelite Movement. Virago, 1989.
26
Callen, Anthea. Women in the Arts and Crafts Movement 1870-1914. Astragal Books, 1980.
28

1 January 1848: The first issue appeared of the Rambler,...

Writing climate item

1 January 1848

The first issue appeared of the Rambler, a controversial periodical aimed at Roman Catholics and recent converts.
Houghton, Walter E., and Jean Harris Slingerland, editors. The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824-1900. University of Toronto Press, 1966–1989, 5 vols.
2: 732
Houghton, Walter E., and Jean Harris Slingerland, editors. The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824-1900. University of Toronto Press, 1966–1989, 5 vols.
2: 733
Houghton, Walter E., and Jean Harris Slingerland, editors. The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824-1900. University of Toronto Press, 1966–1989, 5 vols.
2: 732-3

1848: Corset stays were first made with elastic...

Building item

1848

Corset stays were first made with elastic thread woven into fabric (instead of whalebone); this new design aided breathing and mobility.
Cunnington, C. Willett et al. The History of Underclothes. Revised, Faber and Faber, 1981.
95

1848: American teenagers Kathe and Margaret Fox...

Building item

1848

American teenagers Kathe and Margaret Fox developed a system for communicating with spirits living in their house; this initiated the spiritualist movement.
Owen, Alex. The Darkened Room: Women, Power, and Spiritualism in Late Nineteenth-Century England. Virago, 1989.
18

1848: John Dicks established his own publishing...

Writing climate item

1848

John Dicks established his own publishing house in London with G. W. M. Reynolds .
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 106. Gale Research, 1991.
106: 126
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

1848: Alexandre Dumas the younger published La...

Writing climate item

1848

Alexandre Dumas the younger published La Dame aux Camélias, a novel which he successfully dramatised in 1852.
Weinstock, Herbert, and Wallace Brockway. The World of Opera: The Story of its Origins and the Lore of its Performance. Pantheon Books, 1962.
618
Sadie, Stanley, editor. The New Grove Dictionary of Opera. Macmillan, 1992, 4 vols., http://Guelph.
4: 799

1848: Chiswick Press printed, for the first time,...

Building item

1848

Chiswick Press printed, for the first time, John Wycliffe 's earlier version of his English New Testament, completed in 1384.
Gentry, Helen, and David Greenhood. Chronology of Books and Printing. Rev. ed., Macmillan, 1936.
111

1848: Samuel William Partridge and Daniel Francis...

Writing climate item

1848

Samuel William Partridge and Daniel Francis Oakey formed a publishing partnership as Partridge and Oakey , at 34 Paternoster Row, London.
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 106. Gale Research, 1991.
106: 236

1848: An Anglican nursing order, the Community...

Building item

1848

An Anglican nursing order, the Community of St Mary the Virgin , was founded.
Poovey, Mary, and Florence Nightingale. “Introduction”. Cassandra and Other Selections from Suggestions for Thought, edited by Mary Poovey and Mary Poovey, New York University Press, 1993.
xix

1848: The monthly penny magazine Mother's Friend...

Writing climate item

1848

The monthly penny magazine Mother's Friend began publication in London.
Beetham, Margaret. A Magazine of Her Own?: Domesticity and Desire in the Woman’s Magazine, 1800-1914. Routledge, 1996.
217
Palmegiano, Eugenia M. Women and British Periodicals, 1832-1867: A Bibliography. Garland, 1976.
14

1848: A cholera outbreak occurred in the UK; during...

Building item

1848

A cholera outbreak occurred in the UK; during this epidemic Dr John Snow mapped death rates in London street by street and traced the cause to the water supply.
Dingwall, Robert et al. An Introduction to the Social History of Nursing. Routledge, 1988.
26
Ashton, Rosemary. George Eliot: A Life. Hamish Hamilton, 1996.
73

By January 1848: Most railway companies in Britain had adopted...

Building item

By January 1848

Most railway companies in Britain had adopted Greenwich Mean Time or GMT (measured at the Royal Observatory at Greenwich), as had been recommended on 22 September 1847.
Myers, Joseph. “History of legal time in Britain”. SRCF (Student-Run Computing Facility).

1848: Samuel Gregory established the New England...

Building item

1848

Samuel Gregory established the New England Female Medical College in Boston, the first-ever medical college for women.
Blake, Catriona, and Wendy Savage. The Charge of the Parasols: Women’s Entry to the Medical Profession. Women’s Press, 1990.
30

1848-1851: Twelve-year-old Jane Bickersteth began operating...

Writing climate item

1848-1851

Twelve-year-old Jane Bickersteth began operating a Parlour Press at her home in Roehampton near London.
Cave, Roderick. The Private Press. Faber and Faber, 1971.
122-4

1848: Margaret Knight, age ten, invented a stop-motion...

Building item

1848

Margaret Knight , age ten, invented a stop-motion device for use in textile mills to prevent shuttles sliding out of looms and injuring workers; despite its popularity, she never patented it.
Franck, Irene, and David Brownstone. Women’s World: A Timeline of Women in History. HarperCollins; HarperPerennial, 1995.
128

1848: Despite a dearth of official church policy,...

Building item

1848

Despite a dearth of official church policy, temperance activists obtained signatures from 583 clergy in support of teetotalism.
Shiman, Lilian Lewis. Crusade against Drink in Victorian England. Macmillan, 1988.
63

1848: The Society of Arts annual exhibition attracted...

Building item

1848

The Society of Arts annual exhibition attracted 70,000 visitors.
Boase, Thomas Sherrer Ross, editor. English Art, 1800-1870. Clarendon, 1959.
10: 254-5

1848: The Free Exhibition was established at Hyde...

Building item

1848

The Free Exhibition was established at Hyde Park Gallery in London; any artist could exhibit upon the payment of an entrance fee.
Marsh, Jan, and Pamela Gerrish Nunn. Women Artists and the Pre-Raphaelite Movement. Virago, 1989.
29
Nunn, Pamela Gerrish. Victorian Women Artists. Women’s Press, 1987.
104-5

1848: Frederic Rowton published his anthology The...

Women writers item

1848

Frederic Rowton published his anthology The Female Poets of Great Britain, Chronologically Arranged, with Copious Selections and Critical Remarks.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.

1848: Doctor Hugh Welch Diamond became resident...

Building item

1848

Doctor Hugh Welch Diamond became resident physician of the female ward at Surrey County Asylum; he introduced the concept of psychiatric photography for female surveillance.
Showalter, Elaine. The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830-1980. Pantheon Books, 1985.
86-7

From 1848: Between this year and October 1996 (when...

Building item

From 1848

Between this year and October 1996 (when the last one closed), over 30,000 women and girls were virtually imprisoned in Ireland'sMagdalene Asylums for sexual misconduct or other perceived transgressions against the conservative moral code...

1848: The Order of the Good Shepherd Sisters arrived...

Building item

1848

The Order of the Good Shepherd Sisters arrived in Ireland, and the first Magdalene Asylums were established.
Raftery, Mary, and Eoin O’Sullivan. Suffer the Little Children: The Inside Story of Ireland’s Industrial Schools. Continuum, 2001.
288-9
O’Toole, Fintan. “The Sisters of No Mercy”. Guardian Unlimited, 16 Feb. 2003.
6

1848: The Society of the Most Holy Trinity, an...

Building item

1848

The Society of the Most Holy Trinity , an Anglican nursing order, was founded.
Poovey, Mary, and Florence Nightingale. “Introduction”. Cassandra and Other Selections from Suggestions for Thought, edited by Mary Poovey and Mary Poovey, New York University Press, 1993.
xix

1848: A Defence Fund was established to cover legal...

National or international item

1848

A Defence Fund was established to cover legal costs for imprisoned Chartists.
Schwarzkopf, Jutta. Women in the Chartist Movement. St Martin’s Press, 1991.
175