Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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1834: Thomas and Emily Davenport collaborated on...

Building item

1834

Thomas and Emily Davenport collaborated on the invention of the first electric motor.
Vare, Ethlie Ann, and Greg Ptacek. Patently Female. John Wiley and Sons, 2002.
28

After 1834: Wardian cases, sealed glass cases or bottles...

Building item

After 1834

Wardian cases, sealed glass cases or bottles in which botanists could grow plants, were popularized in Gardener's Magazine and London's Magazine of Natural History. They contributed to the development of the widespread fern craze...

1834: A parliamentary committee investigating public...

National or international item

1834

A parliamentary committee investigating public intemperance failed to offer legislative solutions to drunkeness.
Shiman, Lilian Lewis. Crusade against Drink in Victorian England. Macmillan, 1988.
15-16

1834: St Vincent's Hospital was opened in Dublin...

Building item

1834

St Vincent's Hospital was opened in Dublin by the Irish Sisters of Charity ; this was the first formal training programme for Irish nurses, although only open to Catholics.
Scanlan, Pauline. The Irish Nurse: A Study of Nursing in Ireland. Drumlin, 1991.
62-3, 71, 78

1834: Architect Augustus Pugin converted to Roman...

Building item

1834

Architect Augustus Pugin converted to Roman Catholicism; he designed many of the newly-built Catholic churches in the Gothic style.
Norman, Edward R. The English Catholic Church in the Nineteenth Century. Clarendon, 1984.
239-40

1834: The Old Bailey in London was re-organised...

National or international item

1834

The Old Bailey in London was re-organised as the Central Criminal Court.
Davenport-Hines, Richard. “Suffocating Suspense”. London Review of Books, 16 Mar. 2000, pp. 36-37.
37

By 1834: Amalgam, a mercury alloy, was being used...

Building item

By 1834

Amalgam, a mercury alloy, was being used as a material for filling teeth.
Hellemans, Alexander, and Bryan Bunch. The Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science. Simon and Shuster, 1988.
301

1834: A general strike was held, organized by the...

National or international item

1834

A general strike was held, organized by the recently-founded Grand National Consolidated Trades Union .
Jones, Gareth Stedman. Languages of Class: Studies in English Working Class History 1832-1982. Cambridge University Press, 1983.
51
Mitchell, Sally, editor. Victorian Britain: An Encyclopedia. Garland Press, 1988.
764-5

1834: The British and Foreign Temperance Society...

Building item

1834

The British and Foreign Temperance Society employed nine agents (three of whom were volunteers) to travel the country, giving speeches and attempting to recruit members and money to the cause.
Shiman, Lilian Lewis. Crusade against Drink in Victorian England. Macmillan, 1988.
13

Marguerite Gardiner, Countess of Blessington: February 1834

Women writers item

February 1834

Conversations of Lord Byron with the Countess of Blessington appeared in volume form.
Blessington, Marguerite Gardiner, Countess of. “Introduction”. Conversations of Lord Byron, edited by Ernest J., Jr Lovell, Princeton University Press, 1969, pp. 3-114.
3
Feldman, Paula R., editor. British Women Poets of the Romantic Era. John Hopkins University Press, 1997.
149

Mary Somerville: February 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Somerville

February 1834

MS 's publisher, John Murray , commissioned Thomas Phillips to paint her portrait; this picture now hangs in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery .
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. “Mary Fairfax Greig Somerville (1780-1872)”. Women of Mathematics: A Biobiliographic Sourcebook, edited by Louise S. Grinstein and Paul J. Campbell, Greenwood Press, 1987, pp. 208-16.
212
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science, 1815-1840. Martinus Nijhoff, 1983.
141

Susanna Moodie: February 1834

Writing climate item
Author event in Susanna Moodie

February 1834

SM and her family relocated to a bush farm north of Peterborough, Ontario, in part to be closer to her sister's and brother's homes.
Gray, Charlotte. Sisters in the Wilderness: The Lives of Susanna Moodie and Catharine Parr Traill. Viking, 1999.
92, 97

February 1834: Foundations were laid for the new National...

Building item

February 1834

Foundations were laid for the new National Gallery building near Charing Cross (on the north side of Trafalgar Square, which was still in process of being laid out).
Boase, Thomas Sherrer Ross, editor. English Art, 1800-1870. Clarendon, 1959.
204

Susanna Watts: 11 February 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Susanna Watts

11 February 1834

SW dated the scrapbook which she had been keeping for at least thirty-two years, and which in its current form includes material printed after her death.
Watts, Susanna. Scrapbook. 11 Feb. 1834.

Maria Edgeworth: By 15 February 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Maria Edgeworth

By 15 February 1834

ME 's last work of adult fiction, Helen, A Tale, was published.
The Athenaeum Index of Reviews and Reviewers: 1830-1870. http://replay.web.archive.org/20070714065452/http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~asp/v2/home.html.
Butler, Marilyn. Maria Edgeworth: A Literary Biography. Clarendon, 1972.
458

Adelaide O'Keeffe: By 21 February 1834

Writing climate item
Author event in Adelaide O'Keeffe

By 21 February 1834

AOK edited her father's O'Keeffe 's Legacy to his Daughter, Being the Poetical Works of the Late John O'Keeffe, Esq., the Dramatic Author: his poetical works, with her memoirs of him prefixed.
Morgan, Sydney Owenson, Lady. Lady Morgan’s Memoirs. Editors Dixon, William Hepworth and Geraldine Jewsbury, W. H. Allen, 1862, 2 vols.
2: 382
Athenæum. J. Lection.
335 (1834): 240

Mary Howitt: By 22 February 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Howitt

By 22 February 1834

MH published The Seven Temptations, which she thought her best and most original work; the same year came Sketches of Natural History, which contains her best-remembered short piece: The Spider and the Fly.
The Athenaeum Index of Reviews and Reviewers: 1830-1870. http://replay.web.archive.org/20070714065452/http://www.soi.city.ac.uk/~asp/v2/home.html.
330 (1834): 139
qtd. in
Blain, Virginia et al., editors. The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. Yale University Press; Batsford, 1990.

Mary Somerville: Late February 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Somerville

Late February 1834

MS 's On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences was published, and successfully received, in London.
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science, 1815-1840. Martinus Nijhoff, 1983.
135

Mary Somerville: March 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Somerville

March 1834

Mathematician William Whewell 's anonymous assessment of On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences by MS in the Quarterly Review took up the question of gender difference (and proposed the adoption of a new word, scientist).
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science, 1815-1840. Martinus Nijhoff, 1983.
138
Brock, Claire. The Comet Sweeper: Caroline Herschel’s astronomical ambition. Thriplow, 2007.
210n93

Anna Sewell: 1834 or early 1835

Women writers item
Author event in Anna Sewell

1834 or early 1835

At the age of fourteen, AS seriously injured her ankle; the resulting lameness made her dependent on horses for mobility.
Khorana, Meena, and Judith Gero John, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 163. Gale Research, 1996.
260

Harriet Martineau: 1 March 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Harriet Martineau

1 March 1834

HM issued the final, twenty-fifth part of her massive series Illustrations of Political Economy, entitled The Moral of Many Fables.
Rivlin, Joseph B. Harriet Martineau: A Bibliography of Her Separately Printed Books. New York Public Library, 1947.
86

Harriet Martineau: After March 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Harriet Martineau

After March 1834

HM 's five-part fictional series entitled Illustrations of Taxation was published by Charles Fox .
Sanders, Valerie. Reason over Passion: Harriet Martineau and the Victorian Novel. Harvester Press, 1986.
216
OCLC WorldCat. 1992–1998, http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/content/worldcat/. Accessed 1999.

6 March 1834: The settlement of York, population 9,250,...

National or international item

6 March 1834

The settlement of York, population 9,250, became Toronto, Upper Canada'sfirst incorporated municipality, with a mayor, aldermen and powers of taxation.
Gee, Marcus. “Moment in Time: March 6, 1834”. Globe and Mail, 6 Mar. 2013, p. A2.

Mary Somerville: By 8 March 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Somerville

By 8 March 1834

The Quarterly's review by Henry Holland praised MS 's delightful volumeOn the Connexion of the Physical Sciences.
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science, 1815-1840. Martinus Nijhoff, 1983.
136

Mary Somerville: 8 March 1834

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Somerville

8 March 1834

The Literary Gazettecordially recommendedMS 's On the Connexion of the Physical Sciencesto the general perusal of all who wish to be agreeably initiated into a love of science.
qtd. in
Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science, 1815-1840. Martinus Nijhoff, 1983.
136