Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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May 1756: The Literary Magazine: or, Universal Review...

Writing climate item

May 1756

The Literary Magazine: or, Universal Review (often known as the Literary Review) began publication in London; Samuel Johnson was a contributor and, for the first four issues, the editor.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.
Hudson, Nicholas. “Discourse of Transition: Johnson, the 1750s, and the Rise of the Middle Class”. The Age of Johnson, edited by Paul J. Korshin and Jack Lynch, Vol.
13
, 2002, pp. 31-51.
41

Frances Brooke: 22 May 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Brooke

22 May 1756

FB used her periodical The Old Maid as a forum for praise of poetry by Anne Finch and Elizabeth Carter .
Finch had also been celebrated in one of the essays in The World which...

Mary Bosanquet Fletcher: June 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Bosanquet Fletcher

June 1756

The death of her spiritual advisor Mrs Lefevre came only three days after Mary Bosanquet (later MBF ) had spent a whole day, a profitable time, with her.
Fletcher, Mary Bosanquet. The Life of Mrs. Mary Fletcher. Editor Moore, Henry, 1751 - 1844, T. Mason and G. Lane, 1837.
23

June 1756: Britain declared war on France, following...

National or international item

June 1756

Britain declared war on France, following the fall of Minorca in the Mediterranean on 19 May. This began the Seven Years' War.
Furneaux, Rupert. The Seven Years War. Hart-Davis MacGibbon, 1973.
40
Newman, Gerald, editor. Britain in the Hanoverian Age, 1714-1837: An Encyclopedia. Garland, 1997.
88
Hudson, Nicholas. “Samuel Johnson, Imperialism, and the Seven Years War”. Canadian Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies (CSECS/SCEDHS) Conference, 19 Oct. 2012.

June 1756: Jonas Hanway, with the help of twenty-two...

Building item

June 1756

Jonas Hanway , with the help of twenty-two fellow-merchants, founded the Marine Society for fitting out orphan boys and unemployed men and recruiting them into the navy.
Colley, Linda. Britons: Forging the Nation, 1707-1837. Yale University Press, 1992.
91

2 June 1756: The London Foundling Hospital was granted...

Building item

2 June 1756

The LondonFoundling Hospital was granted £10,000 on the condition of maintaining an open admissions policy.
Innes, Joanna. “The Domestic Face of the Military-Fiscal State: Government and Society in Eighteenth-Century Britain”. An Imperial State at War, edited by Lawrence Stone, Routledge, 1994, pp. 96-127.
106
Gentleman’s Magazine. Various publishers.
(1756) 26: 305
Innes gives the figure for the grant as thirty thousand pounds, but the Gentleman's Magazine...

Margaret Calderwood : 3 June 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Calderwood

3 June 1756

MC , with her husband , two young sons, and two servants (Peggy Rainy and John Rattry or Rattray ), set out from Polton on their journey towards the German Spa (now in Belgium...

Elizabeth Elstob: 3 June 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Elstob

3 June 1756

EE died in her seventies, after nearly twenty years as a dependent of the Duchess of Portland .
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Margaret Calderwood : 25 June 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Calderwood

25 June 1756

MC and her party set out from London after some days' stay, heading for Harwich to cross the English Channel.
Calderwood, Margaret. Letters and Journals. David Douglas, 1884.
37

13 July 1756: East Hoathley in Sussex was shaken by the...

Building item

13 July 1756

East Hoathley in Sussex was shaken by the death of Elizabeth Elless, a destitute single woman who was about to give birth.
Connors, Richard. “Poor women, the parish and the politics of poverty”. Gender in Eighteenth-Century England: Roles, Representations and Responsibilities, edited by Hannah Barker and Elaine Chalus, Longman, 1997, pp. 126-47.
126ff

Elizabeth Hamilton: Probably 21 July 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Hamilton

Probably 21 July 1756

EH was born in Belfast, Ireland, the youngest of her family.
Many sources give 1758. Scholar Pam Perkins , having inclined to this date when editing Translation of the Letters of a Hindoo Rajah...

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: August 1756

Women writers item

August 1756

After several years of thwarted attempts to leave Brescia for Venice, LMWM succeeded, in the face of actual physical threat from Palazzi , in getting away.
Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley. Romance Writings. Editor Grundy, Isobel, Clarendon Press, 1996.
100-5

August 1756: Frederick II of Prussia invaded neutral Saxony,...

National or international item

August 1756

Frederick II of Prussia invaded neutral Saxony, finally precipitating the Seven Years' War.
Furneaux, Rupert. The Seven Years War. Hart-Davis MacGibbon, 1973.
31
Newman, Gerald, editor. Britain in the Hanoverian Age, 1714-1837: An Encyclopedia. Garland, 1997.
643

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: September 1756-September 1761

Women writers item

September 1756-September 1761

LMWM lived at Venice and Padua, at each of which she bought a house.
Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley. The Complete Letters of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Editor Halsband, Robert, Clarendon Press, 1965–1967, 3 vols.
3: 111-278

Margaret Calderwood : 20 September 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Calderwood

20 September 1756

MC and her husband , brother , sister-in-law , and their sons left Spa for Brussels in Belgium, since young Jamie Calderwood was ill, and they had no confidence in their ability to communicate with a German doctor.
Calderwood, Margaret. Letters and Journals. David Douglas, 1884.
227-8

Frances Sheridan: October 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Frances Sheridan

October 1756

FS and her husband moved back from London to Ireland; Frances lodged with her children in a village forty miles away from Dublin.
Sheridan, Frances. “Introduction”. Memoirs of Miss Sidney Bidulph, edited by Jean Coates Cleary et al., World’s Classics, Oxford University Press, 1995.
xl
Sheridan, Frances. “Introduction”. Memoirs of Miss Sidney Bidulph, edited by Jean Coates Cleary et al., World’s Classics, Oxford University Press, 1995.
ix

16 November 1756: Upon the resignation of the Duke of Newcastle,...

National or international item

16 November 1756

Upon the resignation of the Duke of Newcastle , the Duke of Devonshire , a Whig, briefly became Prime Minister. He was in turn replaced by Newcastle in July of the following year as the...

Mary Robinson: Almost certainly 27 November 1757

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Robinson

Almost certainly 27 November 1757

Mary Darby (later MR ) was born during a tempestuous night,
qtd. in
Robinson, Mary. Perdita: The Memoirs of Mary Robinson. Editor Levy, Moses Joseph, Peter Owen, 1994.
18
at the Minster House, College Green, Bristol: two years earlier than the date given by her published memoirs and her gravestone.
A...

A. Woodfin: By December 1756

Women writers item
Author event in A. Woodfin

By December 1756

AW , writing as a Lady, published her first known work, Northern Memoirs: or, the History of a Scotch Family, in two volumes, with the Noble brothers, who ran a circulating library as...

December 1756: John Home's tragedy Douglas was enthusiastically...

Writing climate item

December 1756

John Home 's tragedy Douglas was enthusiastically received in Edinburgh by both audiences and critics; in London three months later the former were more unanimously positive than the latter.
Shellenberg, Betty A. “Frances Sheridan Reads John Home: Placing Sidney Bidulph in the Republic of Letters”. Eighteenth-Century Fiction, Vol.
13
, No. 4, July 2001, pp. 561-77.
566

Charlotte McCarthy: By 15 December 1756

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte McCarthy

By 15 December 1756

CMC wrote News from Parnassus; or, Political advice from the nine muses, to His Grace, the D[uke] of B[edfor]d . A poem, published at Dublin and dated 1757.
Cokayne, George Edward. The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant. Editor Gibbs, Vicary, St Catherine Press, 1910–1959, 14 vols.
2: 82
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

Charlotte Forman: 1757

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Forman

1757

CF suffered an illness of three months which took her almost as far as the gates of eternity.
qtd. in
Gold, Joel J. “’Buried Alive’: Charlotte Forman in Grub Street”. Eighteenth-Century Life, Vol.
8
, No. 1, Oct. 1982, pp. 28-45.
38

A. Woodfin: 1757

Women writers item
Author event in A. Woodfin

1757

AW , as the author of Memoirs of a Scotch Family, published a second novel, The History of Miss Sally Sable, set this time not in romantic Scotland but in familiar, commercial London.
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

Ann Martin Taylor: 1757

Women writers item
Author event in Ann Martin Taylor

1757

Ann Martin , later matriarch of the Taylor family of Ongar, was born in London.
Gilbert, Ann Taylor. Ann Taylor Gilbert’s Album. Editor Stewart, Christina Duff, Garland, 1978.
521

Teresia Constantia Phillips: 1757-8

Women writers item

1757-8

TCP held the post of Mistress of the Revels, charged with directing the theatrical and other public entertainments, at Kingston, Jamaica.
Stone, Lawrence. Uncertain Unions. Marriage in England, 1660-1753. Oxford University Press, 1992.
242