Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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Judith Drake: 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Judith Drake

1696

JD published her anonymous An Essay in Defence of the Female Sex . . . in a Letter to a Lady; it was said to be written by another Lady.
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

Judith Drake: 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Judith Drake

1696

Later the same year that An Essay in Defence of the Female Sex appeared, A Farther Essay Relating to the Female-Sex was published; although its dedication is signed Ez. Sympson, JD might, nevertheless, be...

Anne Finch: 1696

Writing climate item
Author event in Anne Finch

1696

Nahum Tate edited volume one (as it turned out the only volume to appear) of Miscellanea Sacra: or, poems on divine & moral subjects, which included work by AF .
Moody, Ellen. “I On Myself Can Live. A Literary Biography of Anne Finch’s Life (never-completed)”. Ellen Moody’s Website.

Elizabeth White: 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth White

1696

More than twenty-five years after EW 's death there was printed at GlasgowThe Experiences of Gods Gracious Dealing, a volume of her devotional and autobiographical writings.
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

Elizabeth Singer Rowe: 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Elizabeth Singer Rowe

1696

Elizabeth Singer (later ESR ), as Philomela, published Poems on Several Occasions.
Her editor Henry F. Stecher says the first advertisement for the volume appeared on 10 June 1697 in The Athenian Mercury, 20: 9.
Stecher, Henry F. Elizabeth Singer Rowe, the Poetess of Frome: A Study in Eighteenth-Century English Pietism. Herbert Lang, 1973.
53
Greer, Germaine et al., editors. Kissing the Rod. Virago, 1988.
383

Mary Pix: 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Pix

1696

MP published her only piece of prose fiction, The Inhumane Cardinal.
Greer, Germaine et al., editors. Kissing the Rod. Virago, 1988.
414

Anne Irwin: About 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Irwin

About 1696

Lady Anne Howard (later AI ) was born, probably at Naworth Castle near Brampton in Cumberland: the exact date is unknown.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Jane Lead: 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Lead

1696

JL published both The Tree of Faith; or, The Tree of Life, and The Ark of Faith; or, A Supplement to the Tree of Faith, the latter to complement the former prophecy, in...

Jane Lead: 1696-8

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Lead

1696-8

JL 's three volumes of her Message to the Philadelphian Society were published.
Sperle, Joanne Magnani. God’s Healing Angel: A Biography of Jane Lead. Kent State University, 1985.
267

Delarivier Manley: By January 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Delarivier Manley

By January 1696

DM 's To the Author of Agnes de Castro praised Catharine Trotter as a successor both to Behn and to Philips .
McDowell, Paula. The Women of Grub Street: Press, Politics, and Gender in the London Literary Marketplace, 1678-1730. Clarendon, 1998.
233

Damaris Masham: 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Damaris Masham

1696

DM published, anonymously, her first book: A Discourse Concerning the Love of God.
English Short Title Catalogue. http://estc.bl.uk/.

1696: The Treason Act first allowed defence counsel...

Building item

1696

The Treason Act first allowed defence counsel to play a part in criminal trials: for high treason only.
Sedley, Stephen. “Wringing out the Fault”. London Review of Books, 7 Mar. 2002, pp. 27-31.
28

1696: Five years after the death of Richard Baxter,...

Writing climate item

1696

Five years after the death of Richard Baxter , Puritan clergyman, his autobiography, Reliquiae Baxterianae, was published.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.

1696: Statistician Gregory King put the poverty...

Building item

1696

Statistician Gregory King put the poverty level at £40 per annum (about £4,000 in early twenty-first-century money). He calculated that 63 percent of the population fell below this level of subsistence, with cottagers and paupers...

1696: Nahum Tate and Nicholas Brady issued their...

Writing climate item

1696

Nahum Tate and Nicholas Brady issued their New Version of the Psalms of David, which gradually replaced the metrical psalms of Sternhold and Hopkins .
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.

1696: A fort was built at Calcutta,West Bengal,...

Building item

1696

A fort was built at Calcutta,West Bengal, India (which had been founded as a British settlement in 1687); trade built up quickly.
Bozman, Ernest Franklin, editor. Everyman’s Encyclopaedia. 4th Edition, J. M. Dent, 1958, 12 vols.
2: 751

1696: The Bank of England, two years after its...

National or international item

1696

The Bank of England , two years after its founding, began limiting its issue of (handwritten) paper bank notes to values of over fifty pounds.
Boggan, Steven. “Paper Chase”. The Guardian, 24 June 2006, pp. Weekend 21 - 6.
Weekend 21

Mary Mollineux: 3 January 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Mollineux

3 January 1696

MM died in Liverpool, aged only forty-four, quietly, without any Noise, Sigh, or Groan.
This was the Quaker date: third of the eleventh month, 1695.
Mollineux, Henry, and Mary Mollineux. “A Testimony Concerning my Late Wife Mary Mollineux, Deceased [and other pieces]”. Fruits of Retirement, T. Sowle, 1702, p. A8v - C2v.
qtd. in
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

24 January 1696: The Lord Chamberlain wrote an angry letter...

Building item

24 January 1696

The Lord Chamberlain wrote an angry letter urging the Master of the Revels to crack down on comedies for disrespect to authority.
Hume, Robert D. “Jeremy Collier and the Future of the London Theatre in 1698”. British Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies (BSECS) Conference, Oxford, 3 Jan. 1998.

Jane Barker: Early 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Jane Barker

Early 1696

JB had an unsuccessful operation to have her cataracts couched at the age of forty-three; before Lent this year the resulting state of her eyesight prevented her from accompanying the Jacobite court on a journey...

Delarivier Manley: March 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Delarivier Manley

March 1696

At the time her first play was produced DM was said, perhaps not accurately, to be having an affair with Skipwith , co-manager of Drury Lane .
Manley, Delarivier. “Editorial Materials”. A Woman of No Character: An Autobiography of Mrs Manley, edited by Fidelis Morgan, Faber, 1986, p. various pages.
87-8

Delarivier Manley: March 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Delarivier Manley

March 1696

DM 's Lost Lover was produced at Drury Lane ; it was published the same year.
Manley, Delarivier. “Introduction”. New Atalantis, edited by Ros Ballaster, Pickering and Chatto, 1991, p. v - xxviii.
xi
Mann, David D. et al. Women Playwrights in England, Ireland and Scotland, 1660-1823. Indiana University Press, 1996.
393

Delarivier Manley: Early 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Delarivier Manley

Early 1696

According to a later reprint, DM 's Letters Written by Mrs. Manley, a kind of domestic travel book, were published without her knowledge or assent by J. H., Esq., probably James Hargreaves ...

Aphra Behn: 2 March 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Aphra Behn

2 March 1696

An advertisement appeared for the text of AB 's posthumous play The Younger Brother; or, The Amorous Jilt, her last to reach the public.
Mendelson, Sara Heller. The Mental World of Stuart Women: Three Studies. Harvester Press, 1987.
117
The London Stage 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960–1968, 5 vols.

Mary Pix: After April 1696

Women writers item
Author event in Mary Pix

After April 1696

MP contributed commendatory verses to Delarivier Manley on her The Royal Mischief.
Greer, Germaine et al., editors. Kissing the Rod. Virago, 1988.
414-15
The London Stage 1660-1800. Southern Illinois University Press, 1960–1968, 5 vols.
1: 461