Women’s Writing in the British Isles from the Beginnings to the Present
Harriet Martineau
-
Standard Name: Martineau, Harriet
Birth Name: Harriet Martineau
Pseudonym: Discipulus
Pseudonym: A Lady
Pseudonym: H. M.
Pseudonym: From the Mountain
Pseudonym: An Invalid
Pseudonym: An Englishwoman
HM
began her career as a professional writer, which spanned more than four decades in the mid nineteenth century, with writing from a Unitarian perspective on religious matters. She made her name with her multi-volume series (initially twenty-five volumes, followed by further series) of narrative expositions of political economy. One of the founders of sociology, who believed that social affairs proceed according to great general laws, no less than natural phenomena,
Martineau, Harriet, and Gaby Weiner. Harriet Martineau’s Autobiography. Virago.
2: 245
she produced several major contributions to this emerging field. She wrote broadly in periodicals and regularly for a newspaper on social and political issues, and produced three books of observations emerging from her foreign travels. Although her two three-volume novels were not particularly successful, her work had a great impact on later Victorian fiction. She also wrote history, biography, and household manuals. Her advocacy of mesmerism and her atheism made some of her later writings controversial. In her eminently readable autobiography and other writings she presents a cogent analysis of conditions shaping the lives of Victorian women. Although she became hugely influential—one of the most prominent women writers of her day—HM
eschewed notions of genius. Her crucial contribution to Victorian feminist thought has frequently been overlooked.
Chapman, Maria Weston, and Harriet Martineau. “Memorials of Harriet Martineau”. Harriet Martineau’s Autobiography, James R. Osgood, pp. 2: 131 - 596.
Late in the year she refused a second invitation from Martineau
, but she did not accept it, bowing to the view of her father and friends that Martineau's atheism made a friendship between them inappropriate.
Barker, Juliet. The Brontës. St Martin’s Press.
709
Travel
Margaret Fuller
In order to pay for this trip, MF
wrote a column titled Things and Thoughts in Europe. In this capacity she travelled through England, Scotland, France and Italy at a time when...
Travel
Annie Keary
Their first base was Alexandria, but AK
also travelled a great deal. She rode out through the desert to visit the tombs of the Caliphs near Cairo, visited a harem (where she found...
Travel
Charlotte Brontë
CB
visited London, where she met Thackeray
and Harriet Martineau
, both of whom she admired.
Barker, Juliet. The Brontës. St Martin’s Press.
617-22
Travel
Charlotte Brontë
CB
visited Harriet Martineau
at her home The Knoll, in the Lake District, where she asked her host to mesmerize her.
Barker, Juliet. The Brontës. St Martin’s Press.
663-4
Theme or Topic Treated in Text
Jane Welsh Carlyle
Nor was she entirely charmed by her husband's lady admirers,
Carlyle, Jane Welsh. Letters and Memorials of Jane Welsh Carlyle. Editors Carlyle, Thomas and James Anthony Froude, Longmans, Green.
1: 66
though they make perfect fodder for her caricatures. To her close friend John Sterling
, Jane writes: You cannot fancy what a way...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text
Jane Francesca, Lady Wilde
It contains many previously published reviews and essays, including her thoughts on eighteenth- and nineteenth-century writers. In a review, JFLW
calls Harriet Martineauone of the cleverest female intellects of the age,
Jane Francesca, Lady Wilde,. Notes on Men, Women, and Books. Ward and Downey.
112
but finds...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text
George Eliot
GE
discounts the puffery that women authors receive from critics, claiming that praise of women's work is in inverse proportion to their ability: But if they are inclined to resent our plainness of speech, we...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text
Mary Stott
Why, Stott wonders, do national newspapers print so few leading articles by women, when Harriet Martineau
was writing regular leaders for the Daily News back in the mid nineteenth century? Why has there never been...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text
Eva Figes
Though she mentions such writers as Eliza Haywood
and Mary Davys
, she begins her detailed discussion with the 1790s (a time which twenty years on would be regarded as somewhat late in the history...
Theme or Topic Treated in Text
Eliza Cook
Eliza Cook's Journal takes the form of discrete essays by EC
and others; poems, too, were included. The language is informal and conversational, though a heavy use of quotation-marks for words or phrases deemed in...
One chapter, entitled English Women, criticizes British social systems, and details the consequences women suffer because of the indissolubility of marriage.
Tristan, Flora. Flora Tristan’s London Journal, 1840. Translators Palmer, Dennis and Giselle Pincetl, Charles River Books.
Here Kennedy argues that entertainment and enjoyment are valuable aims for the novel. She maintains that the novelist is, in essence, a storyteller, but the storyteller-novelist has been excluded by a literary society that devalues...
Textual Production
Frances Isabella Duberly
Selina was to have a free hand about printing this letter in as many papers as she liked, but preferably including the Daily News (the paper of Charles Dickens
and Harriet Martineau
) or the Herald.
Timeline
February 1778: Franz Anton Mesmer, inventor of animal magnetism,...
Building item
February 1778
Franz Anton Mesmer
, inventor of animal magnetism, arrived in Paris to promote his theory.
22 August 1791: Thousands of blacks rebelled in Hispaniola:...
National or international item
22 August 1791
Thousands of blacks rebelled in Hispaniola: in the French-speaking part of the island (now called Haiti while the other part is called the Dominican Republic). This (also known as Sainte-Domingue or Santo Domingo)...
January 1806: The Monthly Repository, a Dissenting magazine,...
Writing climate item
January 1806
The Monthly Repository, a Dissenting magazine, began publication in London, edited by Robert Aspland
.
1830-42: Auguste Comte published Cours de philosophie...
Writing climate item
1830-42
Auguste Comte
published Cours de philosophie positive in six volumes.
January 1833: The first issues appeared of two Irish monthly...
Writing climate item
January 1833
The first issues appeared of two Irish monthly periodicals: the successful Dublin University Magazine and the short-lived Dublin University Review, and Quarterly Magazine.
1 August 1834: The Slavery Abolition Act or Emancipation...
National or international item
1 August 1834
The Slavery Abolition Act or Emancipation Bill came into effect in the British Empire.
6 July 1839: In A Diary in America, Frederick Marryat...
Writing climate item
6 July 1839
In A Diary in America, Frederick Marryat
promoted the stereotype that middle-class Americans adhered to a more strict paradigm of prudishness than their British counterparts, and apparently gave rise to the myth that Victorians...
3 May 1841: The London Library, established by Thomas...
By 6 November 1852: William Makepeace Thackeray published his...
Writing climate item
By 6 November 1852
William Makepeace Thackeray
published his historical novel, set at the time of the Jacobite uprising, The History of Henry Esmond, Esq., A Colonel in the Service of Her Majesty Queen Anne.
1853: The Mémoires du Général Toussaint L'Ouverture,...
Writing climate item
1853
The Mémoires du Général Toussaint L'Ouverture, the black leader who emerged from the rebellion in St Dominique (now Haiti), were published in Paris.
December 1855: Barbara Leigh Smith, later Bodichon, founded...
14 March 1856: A petition for Reform of the Married Women's...
National or international item
14 March 1856
A petitionfor Reform of the Married Women's Property Law, organized by the Married Women's Property Committee
and signed by many prominent women, was presented to both Houses of Parliament.
2 May 1857: A grand dome designed by Panizzi was opened...
Building item
2 May 1857
A grand dome designed by Panizzi
was opened in what had been the central courtyard of the British Museum
.
Texts
Martineau, Harriet. A Manchester Strike. Charles Fox, 1832.
Martineau, Harriet. Addresses, With Prayers and Original Hymns. 1826.
Martineau, Harriet, and Vera Wheatley. “Appendix A: Harriet Martineau’s review of <span data-tei-ns-tag="tei_title" data-tei-title-lvl=‘m’>Villette</span>”;. The Life and Work of Harriet Martineau, Secker and Warburg, 1957, pp. 399-01.
Martineau, Harriet. Berkeley the Banker. Charles Fox, 1833.
Martineau, Harriet. “Female Industry”. Criminals, Idiots, Women and Minors: Nineteenth-Century Writing by Women on Women, edited by Susan Hamilton, Broadview, 1995, pp. 29-73.
Martineau, Harriet. “Female Writers on Practical Divinity”. The Monthly Repository, Vol.
17
, pp. 593-6.
Martineau, Harriet. For Each and For All. Charles Fox, 1832.
Martineau, Harriet. For Each and For All. John W. Lovell Co., 1884.
Martineau, Harriet. Forest and Game-Law Tales. Edward Moxon, 1846.
Martineau, Harriet. French Wines and Politics. Charles Fox, 1833.
Martineau, Harriet. Guide to Windermere. J. Garnett, 1854.