Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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1855: The Metropolis Local Management Act was ...

National or international item

1855

The Metropolis Local Management Act was passed.
Hardy, Anne. “Parish Pump to Private Pipes: London’s Water Supply in the Nineteenth Century”. Living and Dying in London, edited by William F. Bynum and Roy Porter, Wellcome Insititute for the History of Medicine, 1991, pp. 76-93.
81
Kearns, Gerry. “Cholera, Nuisances and Environmental Management in Islington 1830-1855”. Living and Dying in London, edited by William F. Bynum and Roy Porter, Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, 1991, pp. 94-125.
98
Daunton, Martin. “Health and Housing in Victorian London”. Living and Dying in London, edited by William F. Bynum and Roy Porter, Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, 1991, pp. 126-44.
136-7
Smith, Francis Barrymore. The People’s Health, 1830-1910. Croom Helm, 1979.
212

1850s: The North London Repository attempted to...

Building item

1850s

The North London Repository attempted to run a shop on a barter system, exchanging goods in terms of labour expenditure; the experiment failed.
Adburgham, Alison. Shops and Shopping 1800-1914: Where, and in What Manner the Well-Dressed Englishwoman Bought Her Clothes. Allen and Unwin, 1964.
24

1855: Poster advertisements were made subject to...

National or international item

1855

Poster advertisements were made subject to advertising duty.
Nevett, Terry R. Advertising in Britain: A History. Heinemann, 1982.
53

1855: Western Australia refused to accept any more...

National or international item

1855

Western Australia refused to accept any more transported female criminals.
Zedner, Lucia. Women, Crime, and Custody in Victorian England. Clarendon, 1991, http://U of A HSS.
176-7, 213

1855: The Anglican Community of the Blessed Virgin...

Building item

1855

The Anglican Community of the Blessed Virgin Mary was informally developed in Rottingdean, Sussex.
Anson, Peter F. The Call of the Cloister: Religious Communities and Kindred Bodies in the Anglican Communion. Editor Campbell, A. W., Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1964.
331, 333

1855: Kindergarten advocate Bertha, Baroness von...

Building item

1855

Kindergarten advocate Bertha, Baroness von Marenholtz Bülow published Women's Educational Mission: being an Explanation of F Froebel's System of Infant GardensFriedrich Froebel .
Storey, Graham et al., editors. The Letters of Charles Dickens, Volume Seven 1853-1855. Vol. 7, Clarendon Press, 1993.
520

1855: The Haymarket Theatre became known as the...

Building item

1855

The Haymarket Theatre became known as the Theatre Royal, Haymarket.
Mander, Raymond, and Joe Mitchenson. The Theatres of London. Rupert Hart-Davis, 1963.
95

1855: Robert Wilhelm von Bunsen, a German chemist...

Building item

1855

Robert Wilhelm von Bunsen , a German chemist from Heidelberg, invented with his assistant C. Desaga the Bunsen burner, in which gas is mixed with air before ignition.
Hellemans, Alexander, and Bryan Bunch. The Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science. Simon and Shuster, 1988.
324

1855: The Sunday Trading Bill provoked riots in...

National or international item

1855

The Sunday Trading Bill provoked riots in Hyde Park and was subsequently withdrawn.
Jones, Gareth Stedman. Languages of Class: Studies in English Working Class History 1832-1982. Cambridge University Press, 1983.
195

1855: Charles Frederick Worth's little bonnet replaced...

Building item

1855

Charles Frederick Worth 's little bonnet replaced the demure poke-bonnet and exposed the wearer's face.
Carter, Ernestine. Magic Names of Fashion. Prentice-Hall, 1980.
31
Adburgham, Alison. Shops and Shopping 1800-1914: Where, and in What Manner the Well-Dressed Englishwoman Bought Her Clothes. Allen and Unwin, 1964.
93-5

1855: Lord Dunaldson suggested the use of the poisonous...

National or international item

1855

Lord Dunaldson suggested the use of the poisonous gas sulphur dioxide in the Crimean War.
Hellemans, Alexander, and Bryan Bunch. The Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science. Simon and Shuster, 1988.
326

1855: Emperor Francis Joseph made a Concordat with...

National or international item

1855

Emperor Francis Joseph made a Concordat with the Papacy, thus gaining control of education and marriage regulation, and restoring ecclesiastical courts throughout the Austrian Empire.
Cowie, Leonard W., and Leonard Woolfson. Years of Nationalism: European History 1815-1890. Edward Arnold, 1985.
162

1855: Photographer Roger Fenton documented the...

Building item

1855

Photographer Roger Fenton documented the Crimean War.
Hannavy, John. Masters of Victorian Photography. David and Charles, 1976.
67

1855: The Nuisance Removal Act was passed....

National or international item

1855

The Nuisance Removal Act was passed.
Smith, Francis Barrymore. The People’s Health, 1830-1910. Croom Helm, 1979.
199, 205-6
Wohl, Anthony S. Endangered Lives: Public Health in Victorian Britain. Harvard University Press, 1983.
153

Mid-1850s: US sculptor Harriet Hosmer, living and working...

Building item

Mid-1850s

US sculptor Harriet Hosmer , living and working in Rome, broke with the convention of using nude male models for both sexes.
Markus, Julia. Across An Untried Sea: Discovering Lives Hidden in the Shadow of Convention and Time. Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.
26
Mitchell, Sally. Frances Power Cobbe: Victorian Feminist, Journalist, Reformer. University of Virginia Press, 2004.
86
Vare, Ethlie Ann, and Greg Ptacek. Patently Female. John Wiley and Sons, 2002.
30

Mid 1850s-1870s: During this period, machine technology infiltrated...

Building item

Mid 1850s-1870s

During this period, machine technology infiltrated the footwear trades.
Adburgham, Alison. Shops and Shopping 1800-1914: Where, and in What Manner the Well-Dressed Englishwoman Bought Her Clothes. Allen and Unwin, 1964.
32

1855: The Black Dyke Mills Band was started by...

Building item

1855

The Black Dyke Mills Band was started by John Foster and Sons of Queensbury in Queenshead near Bradford; the band became synonomous with brass band music in Britain.
Taylor, John Russell, editor. The Penguin Dictionary of Theatre. 3rd ed., Penguin, 1993.
22

1855: The United Kingdom and Belgium signed a copyright...

Writing climate item

1855

The United Kingdom and Belgium signed a copyright agreement.
Feather, John. Publishing, Piracy and Politics: An Historical Study of Copyright in Britain. Mansell, 1994.
162

1855: George Hudson, Britain's Railway King, fled...

National or international item

1855

George Hudson , Britain's Railway King, fled the country when the extent of his fraud became known.
Allen, G. Freeman. Railways: Past, Present and Future. Orbis Publishing, 1982.
25-6

1855: Henri-Étienne Saint-Claire Denville developed...

Building item

1855

Henri-Étienne Saint-Claire Denville developed a new method of producing aluminum.
Hellemans, Alexander, and Bryan Bunch. The Timetables of Science: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Science. Simon and Shuster, 1988.
325-7

1855: One pentagon at Millbank Prison in London...

Building item

1855

One pentagon at Millbank Prison in London was reallocated to female convicts.
Zedner, Lucia. Women, Crime, and Custody in Victorian England. Clarendon, 1991, http://U of A HSS.
179

January 1855: Piedmont joined the Allies in the Crimean...

National or international item

January 1855

Piedmont joined the Allies in the Crimean War.
Cowie, Leonard W., and Leonard Woolfson. Years of Nationalism: European History 1815-1890. Edward Arnold, 1985.
207

By the mid 1850s: The Poor Law Boards began to certify refuges...

National or international item

By the mid 1850s

The Poor Law Boards began to certify refuges and reformatories; this honour was attended by operating grants and government inspections.
Prochaska, F. K. Women and Philanthropy in Nineteenth-Century England. Clarendon, 1980.
153

1855: David Weatherhead founded the Yorkshire Spiritual...

Building item

1855

David Weatherhead founded the Yorkshire Spiritual Telegraph to circulate among Northern Owenite groups.
Owen, Alex. The Darkened Room: Women, Power, and Spiritualism in Late Nineteenth-Century England. Virago, 1989.
22-3
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

1855: When Napoleon III and his wife, the Empress...

National or international item

1855

When Napoleon III and his wife, the Empress Eugénie , visited Queen Victoria , Eugénie brought the first crinoline to England with her.
Cowie, Leonard W., and Leonard Woolfson. Years of Nationalism: European History 1815-1890. Edward Arnold, 1985.
227