Events Timeline

Orlando includes short event entries, freestanding and embedded in author profiles, about moments and processes relevant to literary history and organized into four categories: Women writers, Writing Climate, Political Climate, and Social Climate. Explore the timelines by searching for date(s) and/or words or phrases associated with them.

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24 November 1859: Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species...

Writing climate item

24 November 1859

Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection; or, The Preservation of the Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.
Gallant, Roy A. Charles Darwin: The Making of a Scientist. Doubleday, 1972.
150
Borne Back Daily. 2001, http://borneback.com/ .
24 November 2009
Shapin, Steven. “The Darwin Show”. London Review of Books, Vol.
32
, No. 1, 7 Jan. 2010, pp. 3-9.
3, 6

Anne Mozley: By 25 November 1859

Women writers item
Author event in Anne Mozley

By 25 November 1859

AM wrote for Bentley's Quarterly, during the first year of its brief run, a review of Adam Bede (anonymous, of course), which George Eliot called on the whole the best review we have seen.
Eliot, George. The George Eliot Letters. Editor Haight, Gordon S., Yale University Press, 1954–1978, 9 vols.
3: 213-14
Wordsworth, John, Bishop of Salisbury, and Anne Mozley. “Memoir”. Essays from "Blackwood", edited by F. Mozley and F. Mozley, William Blackwood and Sons, 1892, p. xii - xx.
x
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Wilkie Collins: 26 November 1859

Writing climate item
Author event in Wilkie Collins

26 November 1859

WC 's sensation novel The Woman in White began its serialization in Dickens'sAll the Year Round, following on the same page the conclusion of Dickens's own A Tale of Two Cities in instalments.
Borne Back Daily. 2001, http://borneback.com/ .
26 November 2010

28 November 1859: Washington Irving, American essayist and...

Writing climate item

28 November 1859

Washington Irving , American essayist and short-story writer, died at his house Sunnyside in Irvington, New York.
“Dictionary of Literary Biography online”. Gale Databases: Literature Resource Center-LRC.
3

Adelaide Procter: December 1859

Women writers item
Author event in Adelaide Procter

December 1859

In connection with her work as a member of the newly formed Society for Promoting the Employment of Women , AP published Women Watchmakers of Christchurch in the English Woman's Journal.
Gregory, Gill. The Life and Work of Adelaide Proctor. Ashgate, 1998.
27

December 1859: All government support was withdrawn from...

Building item

December 1859

All government support was withdrawn from the Female School of Art .
Callen, Anthea. Women in the Arts and Crafts Movement 1870-1914. Astragal Books, 1980.
35

End of 1859: Elliot Stock established himself as a publisher...

Writing climate item

End of 1859

Elliot Stock established himself as a publisher at 53 Paternoster Row, London.
Rose, Jonathan, and Patricia J. Anderson, editors. Dictionary of Literary Biography 106. Gale Research, 1991.
106: 281

2 December 1859: White American abolitionist John Brown was...

National or international item

2 December 1859

White American abolitionist John Brown was hanged in Charles Town by the state of Virginia, with the approval of the federal government .
Zinn, Howard. A People’s History of the United States: 1492-Present. 20th Anniversary Edition, HarperCollins, 1999.
184-6
Evans, Richard J. The Penguin Dictionary of Nineteenth Century History. Editors Belchem, John and Richard Price, Penguin, 1996.
85-6
Corey, Melinda, and George Ochoa, editors. The Encyclopedia of the Victorian World. Henry Holt and Company, 1996.
65

Around 3 December 1859: Samuel Smiles published his very successful...

Writing climate item

Around 3 December 1859

Samuel Smiles published his very successful Self-Help, attacking over-government and lobbying for thrift, industry, and self-improvement.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1675 (1859): 725
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1679 (31 December 1859): 883-5
Drabble, Margaret, editor. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed., Oxford University Press, 1985.

Thomas De Quincey: 7 December 1859

Writing climate item
Author event in Thomas De Quincey

7 December 1859

Writer and essayist TDQ died at 42 Lothian Street, Edinburgh.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
De Quincey, Thomas. Confessions of an English Opium-Eater. Editor Lindop, Grevel, Oxford University Press, 1985.
xxxii

11 December 1859: Frenchwoman Angélina Lemoine was acquitted...

Building item

11 December 1859

Frenchwoman Angélina Lemoine was acquitted of the murder of her newborn infant.
Hartman, Mary S. Victorian Murderesses. Schocken Books, 1977.
52-84

Margaret Oliphant: 12 December 1859

Women writers item
Author event in Margaret Oliphant

12 December 1859

MO 's youngest child, her son Francis Romano (nicknamed Cecco), was born in Rome about seven weeks after his father's death.
Williams, Merryn. Margaret Oliphant: A Critical Biography. St Martin’s Press, 1986.
33

George Egerton: 14 December 1859

Women writers item
Author event in George Egerton

14 December 1859

Mary Chavelita Dunne (later GE) was born in Melbourne, Australia.
Matthew, Henry Colin Gray et al., editors. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/.

Lucie Duff Gordon: 17 December 1859

Women writers item
Author event in Lucie Duff Gordon

17 December 1859

After her father 's death in this year, LDG suffered a violent lung haemorrhage, an event she rightly believed to be a symptom of tuberculosis.
Frank, Katherine. Lucie Duff Gordon: A Passage to Egypt. Hamish Hamilton, 1994.
198

Charlotte Maria Tucker : By 17 December 1859

Women writers item
Author event in Charlotte Maria Tucker

By 17 December 1859

CMT (as A.L.O.E.) published Idols in the Heart.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1677 (1859): 813

By 17 December 1859: Under her pseudonym Mrs Motherly, Emily Augusta...

Women writers item

By 17 December 1859

Under her pseudonym Mrs Motherly, Emily Augusta Patmore (Coventry Patmore 's first wife) published her second book of the year, Nursery Poetry, with illustrations.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.

Matilda Betham-Edwards: By 24 December 1859

Women writers item
Author event in Matilda Betham-Edwards

By 24 December 1859

MBE published her novel Now or Never, in a year which also saw the appearance of her children's book Charlie and Ernest; or, Play and Work: A Story of Hazlehurst School.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1678 (1859): 851

Julia Ward Howe: 25 December 1859

Writing climate item
Author event in Julia Ward Howe

25 December 1859

JWH bore her sixth and youngest child, called after his father Samuel Gridley .
Clifford, Deborah Pickman. Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory. Little, Brown and Co., 1978.
138

Thomas Babington, first Baron Macaulay: 28 December 1859

Writing climate item

28 December 1859

Historian and politician Thomas Babington Macaulay died at Holly Lodge, Camden Hill, Kensington, London.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.

Florence Nightingale : End of December 1859

Women writers item
Author event in Florence Nightingale

End of December 1859

FN published her foundational treatise Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not in its first, undated edition. It did not become available for sale until early next year.
Solo: Search Oxford University Libraries Online. 18 July 2011, http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=OXVU1&fromLogin=true&reset_config=true.
Athenæum. J. Lection.
1682 (1860): 87-8
Bishop, William John, and Sue Goldie. A Bio-Bibliography of Florence Nightingale. Dawsons for the International Council of Nurses, 1962.
15-17
Burmester, James et al. English Books. James Burmester Rare Books, 1985–2026, Numbered catalogues.
xlv

Clara Balfour: 1860

Women writers item
Author event in Clara Balfour

1860

CB published the tract or short story The Victim; or, An Evening's Amusement at the "Vulture Tavern", which was sold at sixpence a copy.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.
Balfour, Clara. The Victim; or, An Evening’s Amusement at the "Vulture Tavern". British Workman, 1860.
prelims, i

Matilda Betham-Edwards: 1860

Women writers item
Author event in Matilda Betham-Edwards

1860

MBE very nearly became forever a poet instead of a prose writer, when Dickens accepted a poem of hers entitled The Golden Bee (describing a real-life shipwreck), and printed it in All the Year Round.
Stephen, Sir Leslie, and Sidney Lee, editors. The Dictionary of National Biography. Smith, Elder, 1908–2026, 22 vols. plus supplements.
Betham-Edwards, Matilda. Reminiscences. G. Redway, 1898, p. vi, 354 pp.
205

Isabella Bird: Winter 1859-60

Women writers item
Author event in Isabella Bird

Winter 1859-60

Following her father 's death, IB moved to 3 Castle Terrace, Edinburgh, with her mother and sister .
Kaye, Evelyn. Amazing Traveler, Isabella Bird: The Biography of a Victorian Adventurer. Blue Penguin Publications, 1994.
31
Stoddart, Anna M. The Life of Isabella Bird (Mrs. Bishop). John Murray, 1906.
49

Eliza Cook: 1860

Women writers item
Author event in Eliza Cook

1860

EC published Jottings from My Journal, not, as the title suggests, a collection of diary entries but selections from her defunct periodical.
British Library Catalogue. http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&tab=local_tab&dstmp=1489778087340&vid=BLVU1&mode=Basic&fromLo.

Dinah Mulock Craik: From 1860

Women writers item
Author event in Dinah Mulock Craik

From 1860

DMC wrote regularly for the new shilling monthly Macmillan's Magazine; she later reviewed for it Queen Victoria 's Leaves from the Journal of Our Life in the Highlands.
Mitchell, Sally. Dinah Mulock Craik. Twayne, 1983.
chronology, 99, 134