The Navaland Military Magazine carried the first part of JP
's article on Simón Bolívar
as Liberator of the South American Independent States. The second part followed in December.
28 July 1821: Peru declared its independence from Spain,...
National or international item
28 July 1821
Peru declared its independence from Spain, but Simon Bolivar
, first president of the new republic, was not secure in his position for a good while longer.
“Library of Congress Country Studies”. Country Studies/Area Handbook Series, 2003.
By December 1830: Before the death of the South American patriot...
National or international item
By December 1830
Before the death of the South American patriot Simón Bolívar
, the republic he had created, of the present Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador, fell apart into separate states.
Collier, Simon. “Old Iron-Arse”. London Review of Books, 9 Aug. 2001, pp. 30-1.