Elizabeth Stuart Phelps

In a prolific output filling the latter part of the nineteenth century, United States author ESP explored a range of interests in her more than fifty fiction and non-fiction books and hundreds of magazine stories, essays, plays, and poems—on topics ranging from women's rights, antivivisection, and temperance, to religion, homeopathy, and the afterlife. In recent years, literary scholars have re-examined and illuminated her consistent and persistent efforts to challenge female stereotypes and to advance the role of women, mainly through her fiction writing.